Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
изучить
ведать
видеть
вкусить
вооружиться
воспринять
восприняться
выучиться
выявиться
догадаться
дознаться
докопаться
допытаться
знать
изведать
испытать
наслышаться
нащупать
облететь
обучиться
объявиться
освоиться
осязать
отведать
ощутить
ощутиться
подразумеваться
познаваться
познать
почувствовать
приучиться
проведать
разобрать
смыслить
сознавать
угадать
узнать
уметь
учуять
чувствовать
чувствоваться
English
To study
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: lhaze
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
168499
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1317
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
лъана
[ɬana]
🔒
313
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
лъачӀо
[ɬat͡ʃˀo]
🔒
109
|
|||
| Future Simple |
лъала
[ɬala]
🔒
2058
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
лъаларо
[ɬalaro]
🔒
1167
|
|||
| Constative |
лъала
[ɬala]
🔒
2058
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
лъаларо
[ɬalaro]
🔒
1167
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
лъалаан
[ɬalajan]
🔒
426
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
лъалароан
[ɬalarojan]
🔒
152
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
лъа
[ɬa]
🔒
46
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
лъаге
[ɬage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
лъаги
[ɬagi]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
лъагеги
[ɬagegi]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Hortative |
лъазин
[ɬazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
лъани
[ɬani]
🔒
55
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
лъачӀони
[ɬat͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
23
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъанищ
[ɬaniʃː]
🔒
6
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъачӀищ
[ɬat͡ʃˀiʃː]
🔒
3
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
лъалищ
[ɬaliʃː]
🔒
112
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъаларищ
[ɬalariʃː]
🔒
23
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъалищ
[ɬaliʃː]
🔒
112
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъаларищ
[ɬalariʃː]
🔒
23
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
лъарав
/[ɬaraw]/
🔒
45
|
лъарай
/[ɬaraj]/
🔒
6
|
лъараб
/[ɬarab]/
🔒
146
|
лъарал
/[ɬaral]/
🔒
189
|
| Past Participle Negative |
лъачӀев
/[ɬat͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
15
|
лъачӀей
/[ɬat͡ʃˀej]/
🔒
6
|
лъачӀеб
/[ɬat͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
34
|
лъачӀел
/[ɬat͡ʃˀel]/
🔒
11
|
| Present Participle |
лъалев
/[ɬalew]/
🔒
634
|
лъалей
/[ɬalej]/
🔒
95
|
лъалеб
/[ɬaleb]/
🔒
1922
|
лъалел
/[ɬalel]/
🔒
642
|
| Present Participle Negative |
лъаларев
/[ɬalarew]/
🔒
392
|
лъаларей
/[ɬalarej]/
🔒
36
|
лъалареб
/[ɬalareb]/
🔒
485
|
лъаларел
/[ɬalarel]/
🔒
363
|
| Future Participle |
лъалев
/[ɬalew]/
🔒
634
|
лъалей
/[ɬalej]/
🔒
95
|
лъалеб
/[ɬaleb]/
🔒
1922
|
лъалел
/[ɬalel]/
🔒
642
|
| Future Participle Negative |
лъаларев
/[ɬalarew]/
🔒
392
|
лъаларей
/[ɬalarej]/
🔒
36
|
лъалареб
/[ɬalareb]/
🔒
485
|
лъаларел
/[ɬalarel]/
🔒
363
|
| Intentional Participle |
лъазехъин
[ɬazeq͡χːin]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
лъазехъинро
[ɬazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
лъаяв
/[ɬajaw]/
0
|
лъаяй
/[ɬajaj]/
0
|
лъаяб
/[ɬajab]/
0
|
лъаял
/[ɬajal]/
🔒
11
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
лъарав
45
|
лъарай
6
|
лъараб
146
|
лъарал
189
|
| Ergative |
лъарас
10
|
лъаралъ
20
|
лъаралъ
20
|
лъараз
11
|
| Genitive |
лъарасул
0
|
лъаралъул
1
|
лъаралъул
1
|
лъаразул
16
|
| Dative |
лъарасе
9
|
лъаралъе
12
|
лъаралъе
12
|
лъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
лъарасда
0
|
лъаралъда
0
|
лъаралъда
0
|
лъаразда
6
|
| Allative (-де) |
лъарасде
0
|
лъаралъде
0
|
лъаралъде
0
|
лъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
лъарасдаса
0
|
лъаралъдаса
0
|
лъаралъдаса
0
|
лъараздаса
2
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
лъарасдасан
0
|
лъаралъдасан
1
|
лъаралъдасан
1
|
лъараздасан
1
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
лъарасухъ
0
|
лъаралъухъ
1
|
лъаралъухъ
1
|
лъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
лъарасухъе
0
|
лъаралъухъе
0
|
лъаралъухъе
0
|
лъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
лъарасухъа
0
|
лъаралъухъа
0
|
лъаралъухъа
0
|
лъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
лъарасухъан
0
|
лъаралъухъан
0
|
лъаралъухъан
0
|
лъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
лъарасулъ
0
|
лъаралъулъ
0
|
лъаралъулъ
0
|
лъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
лъарасулъе
0
|
лъаралъулъе
0
|
лъаралъулъе
0
|
лъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
лъарасулъа
0
|
лъаралъулъа
0
|
лъаралъулъа
0
|
лъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
лъарасулъан
0
|
лъаралъулъан
0
|
лъаралъулъан
0
|
лъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
лъарасукь
0
|
лъаралъукь
0
|
лъаралъукь
0
|
лъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
лъарасукье
0
|
лъаралъукье
0
|
лъаралъукье
0
|
лъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
лъарасукьа
0
|
лъаралъукьа
0
|
лъаралъукьа
0
|
лъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
лъарасукьан
0
|
лъаралъукьан
0
|
лъаралъукьан
0
|
лъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
лъан
[ɬan]
🔒
358
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
лъан
[ɬan]
🔒
358
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
лъачӀого
[ɬat͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
452
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
лъалаго
[ɬalago]
🔒
82
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
лъаларого
[ɬalarogo]
🔒
159
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
лъай
[ɬaj]
🔒
4003
|
|||
| Infinitive |
лъазе
[ɬaze]
🔒
1317
|
|||
| Causative |
лъазавизе
/[ɬazawize]/
🔒
5
|
лъазайизе
/[ɬazajize]/
🔒
0
|
лъазабизе
/[ɬazabize]/
🔒
434
|
лъазаризе
/[ɬazarize]/
🔒
119
|
| Causative Negative |
лъазавуларо
/[ɬazawularo]/
🔒
0
|
лъазайуларо
/[ɬazajularo]/
🔒
0
|
лъазабуларо
/[ɬazabularo]/
🔒
3
|
лъазаруларо
/[ɬazarularo]/
🔒
0
|
| Durative |
лъадаризе
[ɬadarize]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
лъадариларо
[ɬadarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
лъа-лъазе
[ɬa-ɬaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
лъа-лъаларо
[ɬa-ɬalaro]
0
|
|||