Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
пересыпать
душить
засыпать
надушить
насыпать
посыпать
присыпать
разбрызгать
распылить
рассыпать
сеять
сыпать
сыпаться
English
Pour
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: shchvaze
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
168544
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
10
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
щвана
[ʃːwana]
🔒
4121
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
щвачӀо
[ʃːwat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
щвала
[ʃːwala]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
щваларо
[ʃːwalaro]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative |
щвала
[ʃːwala]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
щваларо
[ʃːwalaro]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
щвалаан
[ʃːwalaan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
щвалароан
[ʃːwalaroan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
щва
[ʃːwa]
🔒
29
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
щваге
[ʃːwage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
щваги
[ʃːwagi]
🔒
125
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
щвагеги
[ʃːwagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
щвазин
[ʃːwazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
щвани
[ʃːwani]
🔒
81
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
щвачӀони
[ʃːwat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
щванищ
[ʃːwaniʃː]
🔒
25
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
щвачӀищ
[ʃːwat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
щвалищ
[ʃːwaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
щваларищ
[ʃːwalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
щвалищ
[ʃːwaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
щваларищ
[ʃːwalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
щварав
/[ʃːwaraw]/
🔒
466
|
щварай
/[ʃːwaraj]/
🔒
89
|
щвараб
/[ʃːwarab]/
🔒
1503
|
щварал
/[ʃːwaral]/
🔒
834
|
| Past Participle Negative |
щвачӀев
/[ʃːwat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
щвачӀей
/[ʃːwat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
щвачӀеб
/[ʃːwat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
щвачӀел
/[ʃːwat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
щвалев
/[ʃːwalew]/
🔒
1
|
щвалей
/[ʃːwalej]/
🔒
0
|
щвалеб
/[ʃːwaleb]/
🔒
5
|
щвалел
/[ʃːwalel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle Negative |
щваларев
/[ʃːwalarew]/
0
|
щваларей
/[ʃːwalarej]/
0
|
щвалареб
/[ʃːwalareb]/
0
|
щваларел
/[ʃːwalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
щвалев
/[ʃːwalew]/
🔒
1
|
щвалей
/[ʃːwalej]/
🔒
0
|
щвалеб
/[ʃːwaleb]/
🔒
5
|
щвалел
/[ʃːwalel]/
🔒
2
|
| Future Participle Negative |
щваларев
/[ʃːwalarew]/
0
|
щваларей
/[ʃːwalarej]/
0
|
щвалареб
/[ʃːwalareb]/
0
|
щваларел
/[ʃːwalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
щвазехъин
[ʃːwazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
щвазехъинро
[ʃːwazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
щваяв
/[ʃːwajaw]/
🔒
25
|
щваяй
/[ʃːwajaj]/
0
|
щваяб
/[ʃːwajab]/
0
|
щваял
/[ʃːwajal]/
🔒
5
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
щварав
466
|
щварай
89
|
щвараб
1503
|
щварал
834
|
| Ergative |
щварас
5
|
щваралъ
0
|
щваралъ
0
|
щвараз
11
|
| Genitive |
щварасул
0
|
щваралъул
4
|
щваралъул
4
|
щваразул
28
|
| Dative |
щварасе
4
|
щваралъе
0
|
щваралъе
0
|
щваразе
15
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
щварасда
2
|
щваралъда
0
|
щваралъда
0
|
щваразда
28
|
| Allative (-де) |
щварасде
0
|
щваралъде
0
|
щваралъде
0
|
щваразде
1
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
щварасдаса
0
|
щваралъдаса
0
|
щваралъдаса
0
|
щвараздаса
4
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
щварасдасан
0
|
щваралъдасан
0
|
щваралъдасан
0
|
щвараздасан
2
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
щварасухъ
0
|
щваралъухъ
5
|
щваралъухъ
5
|
щваразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
щварасухъе
1
|
щваралъухъе
0
|
щваралъухъе
0
|
щваразухъе
1
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
щварасухъа
0
|
щваралъухъа
0
|
щваралъухъа
0
|
щваразухъа
1
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
щварасухъан
0
|
щваралъухъан
0
|
щваралъухъан
0
|
щваразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
щварасулъ
0
|
щваралъулъ
0
|
щваралъулъ
0
|
щваразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
щварасулъе
0
|
щваралъулъе
0
|
щваралъулъе
0
|
щваразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
щварасулъа
0
|
щваралъулъа
0
|
щваралъулъа
0
|
щваразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
щварасулъан
0
|
щваралъулъан
0
|
щваралъулъан
0
|
щваразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
щварасукь
0
|
щваралъукь
0
|
щваралъукь
0
|
щваразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
щварасукье
0
|
щваралъукье
0
|
щваралъукье
0
|
щваразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
щварасукьа
0
|
щваралъукьа
0
|
щваралъукьа
0
|
щваразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
щварасукьан
0
|
щваралъукьан
0
|
щваралъукьан
0
|
щваразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
щван
[ʃːwan]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
щван
[ʃːwan]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
щвачӀого
[ʃːwat͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
щвалаго
[ʃːwalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
щваларого
[ʃːwalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
щвай
[ʃːwaj]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
щвазе
[ʃːwaze]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Causative |
щвазавизе
/[ʃːwazawize]/
0
|
щвазайизе
/[ʃːwazajize]/
0
|
щвазабизе
/[ʃːwazabize]/
0
|
щвазаризе
/[ʃːwazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
щвазавуларо
/[ʃːwazawularo]/
0
|
щвазайуларо
/[ʃːwazajularo]/
0
|
щвазабуларо
/[ʃːwazabularo]/
0
|
щвазаруларо
/[ʃːwazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
щвадаризе
[ʃːwadarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
щвадариларо
[ʃːwadarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
щва-щвазе
[ʃːwa-ʃːwaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
щва-щваларо
[ʃːwa-ʃːwalaro]
0
|
|||