Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
спалить
English
burn
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ch'ur-hhize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
168578
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чӀур-хӀана
[t͡ʃˀur-ħana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀур-хӀичӀо
[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀур-хӀила
[t͡ʃˀur-ħila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀур-хӀиларо
[t͡ʃˀur-ħilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀур-хӀула
[t͡ʃˀur-ħula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀур-хӀуларо
[t͡ʃˀur-ħularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀур-хӀулаан
[t͡ʃʼur-ħulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀур-хӀулароан
[t͡ʃʼur-ħularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀур-хӀе
[t͡ʃˀur-ħe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀур-хӀуге
[t͡ʃˀur-ħuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀур-хӀеги
[t͡ʃʼur-ħegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀур-хӀугеги
[t͡ʃˀur-ħugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀур-хӀизин
[t͡ʃˀur-ħizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀур-хӀани
[t͡ʃˀur-ħani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀур-хӀичӀони
[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀур-хӀанищ
[t͡ʃˀur-ħaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀур-хӀичӀищ
[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀур-хӀулищ
[t͡ʃˀur-ħuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀур-хӀуларищ
[t͡ʃˀur-ħulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀур-хӀилищ
[t͡ʃˀur-ħiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀур-хӀиларищ
[t͡ʃˀur-ħilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀур-хӀарав
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħaraw]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀарай
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħaraj]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀараб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħarab]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀарал
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀур-хӀичӀев
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀичӀей
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀичӀеб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀичӀел
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀур-хӀулев
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulew]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀулей
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulej]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀулеб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħuleb]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀулел
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀур-хӀуларев
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħularew]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀуларей
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħularej]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀулареб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħulareb]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀуларел
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀур-хӀилев
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilew]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀилей
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilej]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀилеб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħileb]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀилел
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀур-хӀиларев
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilarew]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀиларей
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilarej]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀилареб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilareb]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀиларел
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀур-хӀизехъин
[t͡ʃˀur-ħizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀур-хӀизехъинро
[t͡ʃˀur-ħizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀур-хӀеяв
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħejaw]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀеяй
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħejaj]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀеяб
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħejab]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀеял
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀур-хӀарав
0
|
чӀур-хӀарай
0
|
чӀур-хӀараб
0
|
чӀур-хӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
чӀур-хӀарас
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀур-хӀарасул
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъул
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъул
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀур-хӀарасе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀур-хӀарасда
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъда
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъда
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀур-хӀарасде
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъде
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъде
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀур-хӀарасдаса
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъдаса
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъдаса
0
|
чӀур-хӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀур-хӀарасдасан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъдасан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъдасан
0
|
чӀур-хӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀур-хӀарасухъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀур-хӀарасухъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀур-хӀарасухъа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀур-хӀарасухъан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъухъан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀур-хӀарасулъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъ
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀур-хӀарасулъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъе
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀур-хӀарасулъа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀур-хӀарасулъан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъулъан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀур-хӀарасукь
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукь
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукь
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀур-хӀарасукье
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукье
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукье
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀур-хӀарасукьа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукьа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукьа
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀур-хӀарасукьан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукьан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаралъукьан
0
|
чӀур-хӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀур-хӀун
[t͡ʃʼur-ħun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀур-хӀун
[t͡ʃˀur-ħun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀур-хӀичӀого
[t͡ʃˀur-ħit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀур-хӀулаго
[t͡ʃˀur-ħulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀур-хӀуларого
[t͡ʃˀur-ħularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀур-хӀи
[t͡ʃˀur-ħi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀур-хӀизе
[t͡ʃˀur-ħize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀур-хӀизавизе
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħizawize]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀизайизе
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħizajize]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀизабизе
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħizabize]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀизаризе
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀур-хӀизавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħizawularo]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀизайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħizajularo]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀизабуларо
/[t͡ʃˀur-ħizabularo]/
0
|
чӀур-хӀизаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼur-ħizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀур-хӀиаризе
[t͡ʃˀur-ħijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀур-хӀиариларо
[t͡ʃˀur-ħijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀур-хӀ-чӀур-хӀизе
[t͡ʃˀur-ħ-t͡ʃˀur-ħize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀур-хӀ-чӀур-хӀиларо
[t͡ʃˀur-ħ-t͡ʃˀur-ħilaro]
0
|
|||