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Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: tʼerkʼeze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
171302
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
4
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[tˀerkˀolew wugo]/ |
/[tˀerkˀolej jigo]/ |
/[tˀerkˀoleb bugo]/ |
/[tˀerkˀolel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[tˀerkˀolew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀerkˀolej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀerkˀoleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tˀerkˀolel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
тӀеркӀена
[tˀerkˀena]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тӀеркӀечӀо
[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тӀеркӀела
[tˀerkˀela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тӀеркӀеларо
[tˀerkˀelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тӀеркӀола
[tˀerkˀola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
тӀеркӀоларо
[tˀerkˀolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тӀеркӀолаан
[tʼerkʼolajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
тӀеркӀолароан
[tʼerkʼolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тӀеркӀе
[tˀerkˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тӀеркӀоге
[tˀerkˀoge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
тӀеркӀеги
[tʼerkʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тӀеркӀогеги
[tˀerkˀogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тӀеркӀезин
[tˀerkˀezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тӀеркӀени
[tˀerkˀeni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тӀеркӀечӀони
[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀеркӀенищ
[tˀerkˀeniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀеркӀечӀищ
[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀеркӀолищ
[tˀerkˀoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀеркӀоларищ
[tˀerkˀolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀеркӀелищ
[tˀerkˀeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀеркӀеларищ
[tˀerkˀelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тӀеркӀерав
/[tˀerkˀeraw]/
0
|
тӀеркӀерай
/[tˀerkˀeraj]/
0
|
тӀеркӀераб
/[tˀerkˀerab]/
0
|
тӀеркӀерал
/[tˀerkˀeral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тӀеркӀечӀев
/[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тӀеркӀечӀей
/[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тӀеркӀечӀеб
/[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тӀеркӀечӀел
/[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тӀеркӀолев
/[tˀerkˀolew]/
🔒
0
|
тӀеркӀолей
/[tˀerkˀolej]/
🔒
0
|
тӀеркӀолеб
/[tˀerkˀoleb]/
🔒
2
|
тӀеркӀолел
/[tˀerkˀolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тӀеркӀоларев
/[tˀerkˀolarew]/
0
|
тӀеркӀоларей
/[tˀerkˀolarej]/
0
|
тӀеркӀолареб
/[tˀerkˀolareb]/
0
|
тӀеркӀоларел
/[tˀerkˀolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тӀеркӀелев
/[tˀerkˀelew]/
0
|
тӀеркӀелей
/[tˀerkˀelej]/
🔒
1
|
тӀеркӀелеб
/[tˀerkˀeleb]/
0
|
тӀеркӀелел
/[tˀerkˀelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тӀеркӀеларев
/[tˀerkˀelarew]/
0
|
тӀеркӀеларей
/[tˀerkˀelarej]/
0
|
тӀеркӀелареб
/[tˀerkˀelareb]/
0
|
тӀеркӀеларел
/[tˀerkˀelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тӀеркӀезехъин
[tˀerkˀezeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тӀеркӀезехъинро
[tˀerkˀezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
тӀеркӀеяв
/[tˀerkˀejaw]/
0
|
тӀеркӀеяй
/[tˀerkˀejaj]/
0
|
тӀеркӀеяб
/[tˀerkˀejab]/
0
|
тӀеркӀеял
/[tʼerkʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тӀеркӀерав
0
|
тӀеркӀерай
0
|
тӀеркӀераб
0
|
тӀеркӀерал
0
|
| Ergative |
тӀеркӀерас
0
|
тӀеркӀералъ
0
|
тӀеркӀералъ
0
|
тӀеркӀераз
0
|
| Genitive |
тӀеркӀерасул
0
|
тӀеркӀералъул
0
|
тӀеркӀералъул
0
|
тӀеркӀеразул
0
|
| Dative |
тӀеркӀерасе
0
|
тӀеркӀералъе
0
|
тӀеркӀералъе
0
|
тӀеркӀеразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тӀеркӀерасда
0
|
тӀеркӀералъда
0
|
тӀеркӀералъда
0
|
тӀеркӀеразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тӀеркӀерасде
0
|
тӀеркӀералъде
0
|
тӀеркӀералъде
0
|
тӀеркӀеразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тӀеркӀерасдаса
0
|
тӀеркӀералъдаса
0
|
тӀеркӀералъдаса
0
|
тӀеркӀераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тӀеркӀерасдасан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъдасан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъдасан
0
|
тӀеркӀераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тӀеркӀерасухъ
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъ
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъ
0
|
тӀеркӀеразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тӀеркӀерасухъе
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъе
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъе
0
|
тӀеркӀеразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тӀеркӀерасухъа
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъа
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъа
0
|
тӀеркӀеразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тӀеркӀерасухъан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъухъан
0
|
тӀеркӀеразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тӀеркӀерасулъ
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъ
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъ
0
|
тӀеркӀеразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тӀеркӀерасулъе
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъе
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъе
0
|
тӀеркӀеразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тӀеркӀерасулъа
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъа
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъа
0
|
тӀеркӀеразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тӀеркӀерасулъан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъулъан
0
|
тӀеркӀеразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тӀеркӀерасукь
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукь
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукь
0
|
тӀеркӀеразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тӀеркӀерасукье
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукье
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукье
0
|
тӀеркӀеразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тӀеркӀерасукьа
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукьа
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукьа
0
|
тӀеркӀеразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тӀеркӀерасукьан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукьан
0
|
тӀеркӀералъукьан
0
|
тӀеркӀеразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тӀеркӀон
[tʼerkʼon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тӀеркӀон
[tˀerkˀon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тӀеркӀечӀого
[tˀerkˀet͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тӀеркӀолаго
[tˀerkˀolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
тӀеркӀоларого
[tˀerkˀolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тӀеркӀей
[tˀerkˀej]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тӀеркӀезе
[tˀerkˀeze]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Causative |
тӀеркӀезавизе
/[tʼerkʼezawize]/
0
|
тӀеркӀезайизе
/[tʼerkʼezajize]/
0
|
тӀеркӀезабизе
/[tˀerkˀezabize]/
0
|
тӀеркӀезаризе
/[tʼerkʼezarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
тӀеркӀезавуларо
/[tʼerkʼezawularo]/
0
|
тӀеркӀезайуларо
/[tʼerkʼezajularo]/
0
|
тӀеркӀезабуларо
/[tˀerkˀezabularo]/
0
|
тӀеркӀезаруларо
/[tʼerkʼezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тӀеркӀеаризе
[tˀerkˀejarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тӀеркӀеариларо
[tˀerkˀejarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
тӀеркӀ-тӀеркӀезе
[tˀerkˀ-tˀerkˀeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
тӀеркӀ-тӀеркӀеларо
[tˀerkˀ-tˀerkˀelaro]
0
|
|||