Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
брызгать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ch'intl'ize
Derivation Method
Derivation Suffix
-и
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
172204
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чӀинкьана
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀинкьичӀо
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀинкьила
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀинкьиларо
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀинкьула
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀинкьуларо
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀинкьулаан
[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀинкьулароан
[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀинкье
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀинкьуге
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀинкьеги
[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀинкьугеги
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀинкьизин
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀинкьани
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀинкьичӀони
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинкьанищ
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинкьичӀищ
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинкьулищ
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинкьуларищ
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинкьилищ
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀинкьиларищ
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀинкьарав
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːaraw]/
0
|
чӀинкьарай
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːaraj]/
0
|
чӀинкьараб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːarab]/
0
|
чӀинкьарал
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀинкьичӀев
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
чӀинкьичӀей
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
чӀинкьичӀеб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
чӀинкьичӀел
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀинкьулев
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulew]/
0
|
чӀинкьулей
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulej]/
0
|
чӀинкьулеб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːuleb]/
0
|
чӀинкьулел
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀинкьуларев
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːularew]/
0
|
чӀинкьуларей
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːularej]/
0
|
чӀинкьулареб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulareb]/
0
|
чӀинкьуларел
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀинкьилев
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilew]/
0
|
чӀинкьилей
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilej]/
0
|
чӀинкьилеб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːileb]/
0
|
чӀинкьилел
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀинкьиларев
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilarew]/
0
|
чӀинкьиларей
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilarej]/
0
|
чӀинкьилареб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilareb]/
0
|
чӀинкьиларел
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀинкьизехъин
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀинкьизехъинро
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀинкьеяв
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːejaw]/
0
|
чӀинкьеяй
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːejaj]/
0
|
чӀинкьеяб
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːejab]/
0
|
чӀинкьеял
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀинкьарав
0
|
чӀинкьарай
0
|
чӀинкьараб
0
|
чӀинкьарал
0
|
| Ergative |
чӀинкьарас
0
|
чӀинкьаралъ
0
|
чӀинкьаралъ
0
|
чӀинкьараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀинкьарасул
0
|
чӀинкьаралъул
0
|
чӀинкьаралъул
0
|
чӀинкьаразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀинкьарасе
0
|
чӀинкьаралъе
0
|
чӀинкьаралъе
0
|
чӀинкьаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀинкьарасда
0
|
чӀинкьаралъда
0
|
чӀинкьаралъда
0
|
чӀинкьаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀинкьарасде
0
|
чӀинкьаралъде
0
|
чӀинкьаралъде
0
|
чӀинкьаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀинкьарасдаса
0
|
чӀинкьаралъдаса
0
|
чӀинкьаралъдаса
0
|
чӀинкьараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀинкьарасдасан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъдасан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъдасан
0
|
чӀинкьараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀинкьарасухъ
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъ
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъ
0
|
чӀинкьаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀинкьарасухъе
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъе
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъе
0
|
чӀинкьаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀинкьарасухъа
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъа
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъа
0
|
чӀинкьаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀинкьарасухъан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъухъан
0
|
чӀинкьаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀинкьарасулъ
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъ
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъ
0
|
чӀинкьаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀинкьарасулъе
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъе
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъе
0
|
чӀинкьаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀинкьарасулъа
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъа
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъа
0
|
чӀинкьаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀинкьарасулъан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъулъан
0
|
чӀинкьаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀинкьарасукь
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукь
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукь
0
|
чӀинкьаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀинкьарасукье
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукье
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукье
0
|
чӀинкьаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀинкьарасукьа
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукьа
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукьа
0
|
чӀинкьаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀинкьарасукьан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукьан
0
|
чӀинкьаралъукьан
0
|
чӀинкьаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀинкьун
[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀинкьун
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀинкьичӀого
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀинкьулаго
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀинкьуларого
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀинкьи
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːi]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀинкьизе
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀинкьизавизе
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːizawize]/
0
|
чӀинкьизайизе
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːizajize]/
0
|
чӀинкьизабизе
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːizabize]/
0
|
чӀинкьизаризе
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀинкьизавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːizawularo]/
0
|
чӀинкьизайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːizajularo]/
0
|
чӀинкьизабуларо
/[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːizabularo]/
0
|
чӀинкьизаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼint͡ɬʼːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀинкьиаризе
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀинкьиариларо
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀинкь-чӀинкьизе
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀː-t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀинкь-чӀинкьиларо
[t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀː-t͡ʃˀint͡ɬˀːilaro]
0
|
|||