Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
бухнуть
вдуть
взбухнуть
вспучиться
набухнуть
надуть
оттопыриться
раздуться
вздуться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ponts'oze
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
172492
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
3
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
понцӀона
[pont͡sˀona]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
понцӀочӀо
[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
понцӀола
[pont͡sˀola]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
понцӀоларо
[pont͡sˀolaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
понцӀола
[pont͡sˀola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
понцӀоларо
[pont͡sˀolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
понцӀолаан
[pont͡sʼolajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
понцӀолароан
[pont͡sʼolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
понцӀо
[pont͡sˀo]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
понцӀоге
[pont͡sˀoge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
понцӀоги
[pont͡sˀogi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
понцӀогеги
[pont͡sˀogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
понцӀозин
[pont͡sˀozin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
понцӀони
[pont͡sˀoni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
понцӀочӀони
[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
понцӀонищ
[pont͡sˀoniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
понцӀочӀищ
[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
понцӀолищ
[pont͡sˀoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
понцӀоларищ
[pont͡sˀolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
понцӀолищ
[pont͡sˀoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
понцӀоларищ
[pont͡sˀolariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
понцӀорав
/[pont͡sˀoraw]/
0
|
понцӀорай
/[pont͡sˀoraj]/
0
|
понцӀораб
/[pont͡sˀorab]/
🔒
3
|
понцӀорал
/[pont͡sˀoral]/
🔒
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
понцӀочӀев
/[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
понцӀочӀей
/[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
понцӀочӀеб
/[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
понцӀочӀел
/[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
понцӀолев
/[pont͡sˀolew]/
0
|
понцӀолей
/[pont͡sˀolej]/
0
|
понцӀолеб
/[pont͡sˀoleb]/
0
|
понцӀолел
/[pont͡sˀolel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
понцӀоларев
/[pont͡sˀolarew]/
0
|
понцӀоларей
/[pont͡sˀolarej]/
0
|
понцӀолареб
/[pont͡sˀolareb]/
0
|
понцӀоларел
/[pont͡sˀolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
понцӀолев
/[pont͡sˀolew]/
0
|
понцӀолей
/[pont͡sˀolej]/
0
|
понцӀолеб
/[pont͡sˀoleb]/
0
|
понцӀолел
/[pont͡sˀolel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle Negative |
понцӀоларев
/[pont͡sˀolarew]/
0
|
понцӀоларей
/[pont͡sˀolarej]/
0
|
понцӀолареб
/[pont͡sˀolareb]/
0
|
понцӀоларел
/[pont͡sˀolarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
понцӀозехъин
[pont͡sˀozeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
понцӀозехъинро
[pont͡sˀozeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
понцӀояв
/[pont͡sˀojaw]/
0
|
понцӀояй
/[pont͡sˀojaj]/
0
|
понцӀояб
/[pont͡sˀojab]/
0
|
понцӀоял
/[pont͡sʼojal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
понцӀорав
0
|
понцӀорай
0
|
понцӀораб
3
|
понцӀорал
0
|
| Ergative |
понцӀорас
0
|
понцӀоралъ
0
|
понцӀоралъ
0
|
понцӀораз
0
|
| Genitive |
понцӀорасул
0
|
понцӀоралъул
0
|
понцӀоралъул
0
|
понцӀоразул
0
|
| Dative |
понцӀорасе
0
|
понцӀоралъе
0
|
понцӀоралъе
0
|
понцӀоразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
понцӀорасда
0
|
понцӀоралъда
0
|
понцӀоралъда
0
|
понцӀоразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
понцӀорасде
0
|
понцӀоралъде
0
|
понцӀоралъде
0
|
понцӀоразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
понцӀорасдаса
0
|
понцӀоралъдаса
0
|
понцӀоралъдаса
0
|
понцӀораздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
понцӀорасдасан
0
|
понцӀоралъдасан
0
|
понцӀоралъдасан
0
|
понцӀораздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
понцӀорасухъ
0
|
понцӀоралъухъ
0
|
понцӀоралъухъ
0
|
понцӀоразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
понцӀорасухъе
0
|
понцӀоралъухъе
0
|
понцӀоралъухъе
0
|
понцӀоразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
понцӀорасухъа
0
|
понцӀоралъухъа
0
|
понцӀоралъухъа
0
|
понцӀоразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
понцӀорасухъан
0
|
понцӀоралъухъан
0
|
понцӀоралъухъан
0
|
понцӀоразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
понцӀорасулъ
0
|
понцӀоралъулъ
0
|
понцӀоралъулъ
0
|
понцӀоразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
понцӀорасулъе
0
|
понцӀоралъулъе
0
|
понцӀоралъулъе
0
|
понцӀоразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
понцӀорасулъа
0
|
понцӀоралъулъа
0
|
понцӀоралъулъа
0
|
понцӀоразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
понцӀорасулъан
0
|
понцӀоралъулъан
0
|
понцӀоралъулъан
0
|
понцӀоразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
понцӀорасукь
0
|
понцӀоралъукь
0
|
понцӀоралъукь
0
|
понцӀоразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
понцӀорасукье
0
|
понцӀоралъукье
0
|
понцӀоралъукье
0
|
понцӀоразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
понцӀорасукьа
0
|
понцӀоралъукьа
0
|
понцӀоралъукьа
0
|
понцӀоразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
понцӀорасукьан
0
|
понцӀоралъукьан
0
|
понцӀоралъукьан
0
|
понцӀоразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
понцӀон
[pont͡sʼon]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
понцӀон
[pont͡sˀon]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
понцӀочӀого
[pont͡sˀot͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
понцӀолаго
[pont͡sˀolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
понцӀоларого
[pont͡sˀolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
понцӀой
[pont͡sˀoj]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
понцӀозе
[pont͡sˀoze]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Causative |
понцӀозавизе
/[pont͡sʼozawize]/
🔒
0
|
понцӀозайизе
/[pont͡sʼozajize]/
🔒
0
|
понцӀозабизе
/[pont͡sˀozabize]/
🔒
1
|
понцӀозаризе
/[pont͡sʼozarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
понцӀозавуларо
/[pont͡sʼozawularo]/
0
|
понцӀозайуларо
/[pont͡sʼozajularo]/
0
|
понцӀозабуларо
/[pont͡sˀozabularo]/
0
|
понцӀозаруларо
/[pont͡sʼozarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
понцӀоаризе
[pont͡sˀojarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
понцӀоариларо
[pont͡sˀojarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
понцӀо-понцӀозе
[pont͡sˀo-pont͡sˀoze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
понцӀо-понцӀоларо
[pont͡sˀo-pont͡sˀolaro]
0
|
|||