Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вздорожать
дорожать
любить
подорожать
быть дорогим
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: khiralhize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
173522
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
8
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[χiraɬulew wugo]/ |
/[χiraɬulej jigo]/ |
/[χiraɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[χiraɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[χiraɬulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[χiraɬulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[χiraɬuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[χiraɬulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хиралъана
[χiraɬana]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хиралъичӀо
[χiraɬit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хиралъила
[χiraɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хиралъиларо
[χiraɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хиралъула
[χiraɬula]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хиралъуларо
[χiraɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хиралъулаан
[χiraɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хиралъулароан
[χiraɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хиралъе
[χiraɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хиралъуге
[χiraɬuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хиралъеги
[χiraɬegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хиралъугеги
[χiraɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хиралъизин
[χiraɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хиралъани
[χiraɬani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хиралъичӀони
[χiraɬit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хиралъанищ
[χiraɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хиралъичӀищ
[χiraɬit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хиралъулищ
[χiraɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хиралъуларищ
[χiraɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хиралъилищ
[χiraɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хиралъиларищ
[χiraɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хиралъарав
/[χiraɬaraw]/
🔒
1
|
хиралъарай
/[χiraɬaraj]/
🔒
0
|
хиралъараб
/[χiraɬarab]/
🔒
3
|
хиралъарал
/[χiraɬaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хиралъичӀев
/[χiraɬit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хиралъичӀей
/[χiraɬit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хиралъичӀеб
/[χiraɬit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хиралъичӀел
/[χiraɬit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хиралъулев
/[χiraɬulew]/
🔒
0
|
хиралъулей
/[χiraɬulej]/
🔒
0
|
хиралъулеб
/[χiraɬuleb]/
🔒
16
|
хиралъулел
/[χiraɬulel]/
🔒
9
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хиралъуларев
/[χiraɬularew]/
🔒
0
|
хиралъуларей
/[χiraɬularej]/
🔒
0
|
хиралъулареб
/[χiraɬulareb]/
🔒
1
|
хиралъуларел
/[χiraɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хиралъилев
/[χiraɬilew]/
0
|
хиралъилей
/[χiraɬilej]/
0
|
хиралъилеб
/[χiraɬileb]/
0
|
хиралъилел
/[χiraɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хиралъиларев
/[χiraɬilarew]/
0
|
хиралъиларей
/[χiraɬilarej]/
0
|
хиралъилареб
/[χiraɬilareb]/
0
|
хиралъиларел
/[χiraɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хиралъизехъин
[χiraɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хиралъизехъинро
[χiraɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хиралъеяв
/[χiraɬejaw]/
0
|
хиралъеяй
/[χiraɬejaj]/
0
|
хиралъеяб
/[χiraɬejab]/
0
|
хиралъеял
/[χiraɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хиралъарав
1
|
хиралъарай
0
|
хиралъараб
3
|
хиралъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хиралъарас
0
|
хиралъаралъ
0
|
хиралъаралъ
0
|
хиралъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хиралъарасул
0
|
хиралъаралъул
0
|
хиралъаралъул
0
|
хиралъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хиралъарасе
0
|
хиралъаралъе
0
|
хиралъаралъе
0
|
хиралъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хиралъарасда
0
|
хиралъаралъда
0
|
хиралъаралъда
0
|
хиралъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хиралъарасде
0
|
хиралъаралъде
0
|
хиралъаралъде
0
|
хиралъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хиралъарасдаса
0
|
хиралъаралъдаса
0
|
хиралъаралъдаса
0
|
хиралъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хиралъарасдасан
0
|
хиралъаралъдасан
0
|
хиралъаралъдасан
0
|
хиралъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хиралъарасухъ
0
|
хиралъаралъухъ
0
|
хиралъаралъухъ
0
|
хиралъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хиралъарасухъе
0
|
хиралъаралъухъе
0
|
хиралъаралъухъе
0
|
хиралъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хиралъарасухъа
0
|
хиралъаралъухъа
0
|
хиралъаралъухъа
0
|
хиралъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хиралъарасухъан
0
|
хиралъаралъухъан
0
|
хиралъаралъухъан
0
|
хиралъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хиралъарасулъ
0
|
хиралъаралъулъ
0
|
хиралъаралъулъ
0
|
хиралъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хиралъарасулъе
0
|
хиралъаралъулъе
0
|
хиралъаралъулъе
0
|
хиралъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хиралъарасулъа
0
|
хиралъаралъулъа
0
|
хиралъаралъулъа
0
|
хиралъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хиралъарасулъан
0
|
хиралъаралъулъан
0
|
хиралъаралъулъан
0
|
хиралъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хиралъарасукь
0
|
хиралъаралъукь
0
|
хиралъаралъукь
0
|
хиралъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хиралъарасукье
0
|
хиралъаралъукье
0
|
хиралъаралъукье
0
|
хиралъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хиралъарасукьа
0
|
хиралъаралъукьа
0
|
хиралъаралъукьа
0
|
хиралъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хиралъарасукьан
0
|
хиралъаралъукьан
0
|
хиралъаралъукьан
0
|
хиралъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хиралъун
[χiraɬun]
🔒
29
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хиралъун
[χiraɬun]
🔒
29
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хиралъичӀого
[χiraɬit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хиралъулаго
[χiraɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хиралъуларого
[χiraɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хиралъи
[χiraɬi]
🔒
66
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хиралъизе
[χiraɬize]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Causative |
хиралъизавизе
/[χiraɬizawize]/
0
|
хиралъизайизе
/[χiraɬizajize]/
0
|
хиралъизабизе
/[χiraɬizabize]/
0
|
хиралъизаризе
/[χiraɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хиралъизавуларо
/[χiraɬizawularo]/
0
|
хиралъизайуларо
/[χiraɬizajularo]/
0
|
хиралъизабуларо
/[χiraɬizabularo]/
0
|
хиралъизаруларо
/[χiraɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хиралъиаризе
[χiraɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хиралъиариларо
[χiraɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хиралъ-хиралъизе
[χiraɬ-χiraɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хиралъ-хиралъиларо
[χiraɬ-χiraɬilaro]
0
|
|||