Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вкатить
покатить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: girize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
173862
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
13
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
гирана
[girana]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гиричӀо
[girit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гирила
[girila]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гириларо
[girilaro]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Constative |
гирула
[girula]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гируларо
[girularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гирулаан
[girulajan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гирулароан
[girularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гире
[gire]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гируге
[giruge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гиреги
[giregi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гиругеги
[girugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гиризин
[girizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гирани
[girani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гиричӀони
[girit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гиранищ
[giraniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гиричӀищ
[girit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гирулищ
[giruliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гируларищ
[girulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гирилищ
[giriliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гириларищ
[girilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гирарав
/[giraraw]/
🔒
0
|
гирарай
/[giraraj]/
🔒
0
|
гирараб
/[girarab]/
🔒
3
|
гирарал
/[giraral]/
🔒
2
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гиричӀев
/[girit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гиричӀей
/[girit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гиричӀеб
/[girit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гиричӀел
/[girit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гирулев
/[girulew]/
🔒
0
|
гирулей
/[girulej]/
🔒
0
|
гирулеб
/[giruleb]/
🔒
18
|
гирулел
/[girulel]/
🔒
6
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гируларев
/[girularew]/
🔒
1
|
гируларей
/[girularej]/
0
|
гирулареб
/[girulareb]/
0
|
гируларел
/[girularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гирилев
/[girilew]/
0
|
гирилей
/[girilej]/
0
|
гирилеб
/[girileb]/
0
|
гирилел
/[girilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гириларев
/[girilarew]/
0
|
гириларей
/[girilarej]/
0
|
гирилареб
/[girilareb]/
0
|
гириларел
/[girilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гиризехъин
[girizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гиризехъинро
[girizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гиреяв
/[girejaw]/
0
|
гиреяй
/[girejaj]/
0
|
гиреяб
/[girejab]/
0
|
гиреял
/[girejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гирарав
0
|
гирарай
0
|
гирараб
3
|
гирарал
2
|
| Ergative |
гирарас
0
|
гираралъ
0
|
гираралъ
0
|
гирараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гирарасул
0
|
гираралъул
0
|
гираралъул
0
|
гираразул
0
|
| Dative |
гирарасе
0
|
гираралъе
0
|
гираралъе
0
|
гираразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гирарасда
0
|
гираралъда
0
|
гираралъда
0
|
гираразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гирарасде
0
|
гираралъде
0
|
гираралъде
0
|
гираразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гирарасдаса
0
|
гираралъдаса
0
|
гираралъдаса
0
|
гирараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гирарасдасан
0
|
гираралъдасан
0
|
гираралъдасан
0
|
гирараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гирарасухъ
0
|
гираралъухъ
0
|
гираралъухъ
0
|
гираразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гирарасухъе
0
|
гираралъухъе
0
|
гираралъухъе
0
|
гираразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гирарасухъа
0
|
гираралъухъа
0
|
гираралъухъа
0
|
гираразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гирарасухъан
0
|
гираралъухъан
0
|
гираралъухъан
0
|
гираразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гирарасулъ
0
|
гираралъулъ
0
|
гираралъулъ
0
|
гираразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гирарасулъе
0
|
гираралъулъе
0
|
гираралъулъе
0
|
гираразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гирарасулъа
0
|
гираралъулъа
0
|
гираралъулъа
0
|
гираразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гирарасулъан
0
|
гираралъулъан
0
|
гираралъулъан
0
|
гираразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гирарасукь
0
|
гираралъукь
0
|
гираралъукь
0
|
гираразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гирарасукье
0
|
гираралъукье
0
|
гираралъукье
0
|
гираразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гирарасукьа
0
|
гираралъукьа
0
|
гираралъукьа
0
|
гираразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гирарасукьан
0
|
гираралъукьан
0
|
гираралъукьан
0
|
гираразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гирун
[girun]
🔒
47
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гирун
[girun]
🔒
47
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гиричӀого
[girit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гирулаго
[girulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гируларого
[girularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гири
[giri]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гиризе
[girize]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Causative |
гиризавизе
/[girizawize]/
🔒
0
|
гиризайизе
/[girizajize]/
🔒
0
|
гиризабизе
/[girizabize]/
🔒
2
|
гиризаризе
/[girizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гиризавуларо
/[girizawularo]/
0
|
гиризайуларо
/[girizajularo]/
0
|
гиризабуларо
/[girizabularo]/
0
|
гиризаруларо
/[girizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гириаризе
[girijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гириариларо
[girijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гир-гиризе
[gir-girize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гир-гириларо
[gir-girilaro]
0
|
|||