Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вывести
выпарить
вытравить
закрыть
извести
изгнать
изжить
истратить
косить
крушить
ликвидировать
отбить
перевести
пожирать
растранжирить
свести
смыть
сокрушить
травить
умертвить
уничтожить
утопить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: tʼaghinabize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
175746
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
96
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[tʼaʕinawulew wugo]/ |
/[tʼaʕinajulej jigo]/ |
/[tˀaʕinabuleb bugo]/ |
/[tʼaʕinarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[tʼaʕinawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[tʼaʕinajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[tˀaʕinabuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[tʼaʕinarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
тӀагӀинавуна
/[tʼaʕinawuna]/
🔒
2
|
тӀагӀинайуна
/[tʼaʕinajuna]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабуна
/[tˀaʕinabuna]/
🔒
33
|
тӀагӀинаруна
/[tʼaʕinaruna]/
🔒
18
|
| Past Simple Negative |
тӀагӀинавичӀо
/[tʼaʕinawit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайичӀо
/[tʼaʕinajit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабичӀо
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаричӀо
/[tʼaʕinarit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
тӀагӀинавила
/[tʼaʕinawila]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайила
/[tʼaʕinajila]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабила
/[tˀaʕinabila]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарила
/[tʼaʕinarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
тӀагӀинавиларо
/[tʼaʕinawilaro]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинайиларо
/[tʼaʕinajilaro]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабиларо
/[tˀaʕinabilaro]/
🔒
1
|
тӀагӀинариларо
/[tʼaʕinarilaro]/
🔒
0
|
| Constative |
тӀагӀинавула
/[tʼaʕinawula]/
🔒
2
|
тӀагӀинайула
/[tʼaʕinajula]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабула
/[tˀaʕinabula]/
🔒
7
|
тӀагӀинарула
/[tʼaʕinarula]/
🔒
8
|
| Constative Negative |
тӀагӀинавуларо
/[tʼaʕinawularo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайуларо
/[tʼaʕinajularo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабуларо
/[tˀaʕinabularo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаруларо
/[tʼaʕinarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тӀагӀинавулаан
/[tʼaʕinawulajan]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайулаан
/[tʼaʕinajulajan]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабулаан
/[tʼaʕinabulajan]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарулаан
/[tʼaʕinarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
тӀагӀинабулароан
/[tʼaʕinabularojan]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабулароан
/[tʼaʕinabularojan]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабулароан
/[tʼaʕinabularojan]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарулароан
/[tʼaʕinarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тӀагӀинаве
/[tʼaʕinawe]/
🔒
1
|
тӀагӀинайе
/[tʼaʕinaje]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабе
/[tˀaʕinabe]/
🔒
1
|
тӀагӀинаре
/[tʼaʕinare]/
🔒
2
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тӀагӀинавуге
/[tʼaʕinawuge]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайуге
/[tʼaʕinajuge]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабуге
/[tˀaʕinabuge]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаруге
/[tʼaʕinaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
тӀагӀинабеги
/[tʼaʕinawegi]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабеги
/[tʼaʕinajegi]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабеги
/[tʼaʕinabegi]/
0
|
тӀагӀинареги
/[tʼaʕinaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
тӀагӀинабугеги
/[tˀaʕinabugegi]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабугеги
/[tˀaʕinabugegi]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабугеги
/[tˀaʕinabugegi]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаругеги
/[tʼaʕinarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
тӀагӀинавизин
/[tʼaʕinawizin]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайизин
/[tʼaʕinajizin]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабизин
/[tˀaʕinabizin]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаризин
/[tʼaʕinarizin]/
🔒
1
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тӀагӀинавуни
/[tʼaʕinawuni]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайуни
/[tʼaʕinajuni]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабуни
/[tˀaʕinabuni]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаруни
/[tʼaʕinaruni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
тӀагӀинабичӀони
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабичӀони
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабичӀони
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаричӀони
/[tʼaʕinarit͡ʃʼoni]/
🔒
3
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀагӀинавунищ
/[tʼaʕinawuniʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайунищ
/[tʼaʕinajuniʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабунищ
/[tˀaʕinabuniʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарунищ
/[tʼaʕinaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀагӀинавичӀищ
/[tʼaʕinawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайичӀищ
/[tʼaʕinajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабичӀищ
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀiʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаричӀищ
/[tʼaʕinarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀагӀинавулищ
/[tʼaʕinawuliʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайулищ
/[tʼaʕinajuliʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабулищ
/[tˀaʕinabuliʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарулищ
/[tʼaʕinaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀагӀинавуларищ
/[tʼaʕinawulariʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайуларищ
/[tʼaʕinajulariʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабуларищ
/[tˀaʕinabulariʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаруларищ
/[tʼaʕinarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тӀагӀинавилищ
/[tʼaʕinawiliʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайилищ
/[tʼaʕinajiliʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабилищ
/[tˀaʕinabiliʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарилищ
/[tʼaʕinariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тӀагӀинавиларищ
/[tʼaʕinawilariʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайиларищ
/[tʼaʕinajilariʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабиларищ
/[tˀaʕinabilariʃː]/
0
|
тӀагӀинариларищ
/[tʼaʕinarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тӀагӀинавурав
/[tʼaʕinawuraw]/
🔒
4
|
тӀагӀинайурай
/[tʼaʕinajuraj]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабураб
/[tˀaʕinaburab]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинарурал
/[tʼaʕinarural]/
🔒
10
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тӀагӀинавичӀев
/[tʼaʕinawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайичӀей
/[tʼaʕinajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабичӀеб
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаричӀел
/[tʼaʕinarit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тӀагӀинавулев
/[tʼaʕinawulew]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинайулей
/[tʼaʕinajulej]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабулеб
/[tˀaʕinabuleb]/
🔒
5
|
тӀагӀинарулел
/[tʼaʕinarulel]/
🔒
12
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тӀагӀинавуларев
/[tʼaʕinawularew]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайуларей
/[tʼaʕinajularej]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабулареб
/[tˀaʕinabulareb]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаруларел
/[tʼaʕinarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тӀагӀинавилев
/[tʼaʕinawilew]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайилей
/[tʼaʕinajilej]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабилеб
/[tˀaʕinabileb]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарилел
/[tʼaʕinarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тӀагӀинавиларев
/[tʼaʕinawilarew]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайиларей
/[tʼaʕinajilarej]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабилареб
/[tˀaʕinabilareb]/
0
|
тӀагӀинариларел
/[tʼaʕinarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тӀагӀинавизехъин
/[tʼaʕinawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайизехъин
/[tʼaʕinajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабизехъин
/[tˀaʕinabizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаризехъин
/[tʼaʕinarizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тӀагӀинавизехъинро
/[tʼaʕinawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайизехъинро
/[tʼaʕinajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабизехъинро
/[tˀaʕinabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаризехъинро
/[tʼaʕinarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
тӀагӀинавеяв
/[tʼaʕinawejaw]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайеяй
/[tʼaʕinajejaj]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабеяб
/[tˀaʕinabejab]/
0
|
тӀагӀинареял
/[tʼaʕinarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тӀагӀинавурав
4
|
тӀагӀинайурай
0
|
тӀагӀинабураб
0
|
тӀагӀинарурал
10
|
| Ergative |
тӀагӀинавурас
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъ
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъ
0
|
тӀагӀинарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
тӀагӀинавурасул
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъул
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъул
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
тӀагӀинавурасе
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъе
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъе
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тӀагӀинавурасда
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъда
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъда
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тӀагӀинавурасде
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъде
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъде
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тӀагӀинавурасдаса
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъдаса
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъдаса
0
|
тӀагӀинарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тӀагӀинавурасдасан
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъдасан
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъдасан
0
|
тӀагӀинарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тӀагӀинавурасухъ
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъухъ
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъухъ
2
|
тӀагӀинаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тӀагӀинавурасухъе
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъухъе
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъухъе
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тӀагӀинавурасухъа
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъухъа
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъухъа
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тӀагӀинавурасухъан
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъухъан
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъухъан
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тӀагӀинавурасулъ
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъулъ
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъулъ
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тӀагӀинавурасулъе
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъулъе
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъулъе
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тӀагӀинавурасулъа
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъулъа
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъулъа
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тӀагӀинавурасулъан
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъулъан
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъулъан
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тӀагӀинавурасукь
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъукь
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъукь
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тӀагӀинавурасукье
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъукье
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъукье
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тӀагӀинавурасукьа
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъукьа
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъукьа
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тӀагӀинавурасукьан
0
|
тӀагӀинайуралъукьан
0
|
тӀагӀинабуралъукьан
0
|
тӀагӀинаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тӀагӀинавун
/[tʼaʕinawun]/
🔒
5
|
тӀагӀинайун
/[tʼaʕinajun]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабун
/[tʼaʕinabun]/
🔒
18
|
тӀагӀинарун
/[tʼaʕinarun]/
🔒
16
|
| Adverbial Past |
тӀагӀинавун
/[tʼaʕinawun]/
🔒
5
|
тӀагӀинайун
/[tʼaʕinajun]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабун
/[tˀaʕinabun]/
🔒
18
|
тӀагӀинарун
/[tʼaʕinarun]/
🔒
16
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тӀагӀинабичӀого
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
2
|
тӀагӀинабичӀого
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
2
|
тӀагӀинабичӀого
/[tˀaʕinabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
2
|
тӀагӀинаричӀого
/[tʼaʕinarit͡ʃʼogo]/
🔒
1
|
| Adverbial General |
тӀагӀинавулаго
/[tʼaʕinawulago]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайулаго
/[tʼaʕinajulago]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабулаго
/[tˀaʕinabulago]/
0
|
тӀагӀинарулаго
/[tʼaʕinarulago]/
🔒
2
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
тӀагӀинабуларого
/[tˀaʕinabularogo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабуларого
/[tˀaʕinabularogo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабуларого
/[tˀaʕinabularogo]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаруларого
/[tʼaʕinarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тӀагӀинави
/[tʼaʕinawi]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинайи
/[tʼaʕinaji]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинаби
/[tˀaʕinabi]/
🔒
7
|
тӀагӀинари
/[tʼaʕinari]/
🔒
19
|
| Infinitive |
тӀагӀинавизе
/[tʼaʕinawize]/
🔒
5
|
тӀагӀинайизе
/[tʼaʕinajize]/
🔒
0
|
тӀагӀинабизе
/[tˀaʕinabize]/
🔒
96
|
тӀагӀинаризе
/[tʼaʕinarize]/
🔒
59
|
| Causative |
тӀагӀинабизабизе
[tˀaʕinabizabize]
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
тӀагӀинабизабуларо
[tˀaʕinabizabularo]
0
|
|||
| Durative |
тӀагӀинавиаризе
/[tʼaʕinawijarize]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайиаризе
/[tʼaʕinajijarize]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабиаризе
/[tˀaʕinabijarize]/
0
|
тӀагӀинариаризе
/[tʼaʕinarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
тӀагӀинавиариларо
/[tʼaʕinawijarilaro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинайиариларо
/[tʼaʕinajijarilaro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинабиариларо
/[tˀaʕinabijarilaro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинариариларо
/[tʼaʕinarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинавизе
/[tʼaʕinab-tʼaʕinawize]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинайизе
/[tʼaʕinab-tʼaʕinajize]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинабизе
/[tˀaʕinab-tˀaʕinabize]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинаризе
/[tʼaʕinab-tʼaʕinarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинавиларо
/[tʼaʕinab-tʼaʕinawilaro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинайиларо
/[tʼaʕinab-tʼaʕinajilaro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинабиларо
/[tˀaʕinab-tˀaʕinabilaro]/
0
|
тӀагӀинаб-тӀагӀинариларо
/[tʼaʕinab-tʼaʕinarilaro]/
0
|