Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вцепиться
зацапать
хапать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: khapize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
175811
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
хапана
[χapana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хапичӀо
[χapit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хапила
[χapila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хапиларо
[χapilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хапула
[χapula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хапуларо
[χapularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хапулаан
[χapulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хапулароан
[χapularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хапе
[χape]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хапуге
[χapuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хапеги
[χapegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хапугеги
[χapugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хапизин
[χapizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хапани
[χapani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хапичӀони
[χapit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хапанищ
[χapaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хапичӀищ
[χapit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хапулищ
[χapuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хапуларищ
[χapulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хапилищ
[χapiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хапиларищ
[χapilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хапарав
/[χaparaw]/
0
|
хапарай
/[χaparaj]/
0
|
хапараб
/[χaparab]/
0
|
хапарал
/[χaparal]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хапичӀев
/[χapit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хапичӀей
/[χapit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хапичӀеб
/[χapit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хапичӀел
/[χapit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хапулев
/[χapulew]/
0
|
хапулей
/[χapulej]/
0
|
хапулеб
/[χapuleb]/
0
|
хапулел
/[χapulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хапуларев
/[χapularew]/
0
|
хапуларей
/[χapularej]/
0
|
хапулареб
/[χapulareb]/
0
|
хапуларел
/[χapularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хапилев
/[χapilew]/
0
|
хапилей
/[χapilej]/
0
|
хапилеб
/[χapileb]/
0
|
хапилел
/[χapilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хапиларев
/[χapilarew]/
0
|
хапиларей
/[χapilarej]/
0
|
хапилареб
/[χapilareb]/
0
|
хапиларел
/[χapilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хапизехъин
[χapizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хапизехъинро
[χapizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хапеяв
/[χapejaw]/
0
|
хапеяй
/[χapejaj]/
0
|
хапеяб
/[χapejab]/
0
|
хапеял
/[χapejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хапарав
0
|
хапарай
0
|
хапараб
0
|
хапарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хапарас
0
|
хапаралъ
0
|
хапаралъ
0
|
хапараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хапарасул
0
|
хапаралъул
0
|
хапаралъул
0
|
хапаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хапарасе
0
|
хапаралъе
0
|
хапаралъе
0
|
хапаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хапарасда
0
|
хапаралъда
0
|
хапаралъда
0
|
хапаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хапарасде
0
|
хапаралъде
0
|
хапаралъде
0
|
хапаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хапарасдаса
0
|
хапаралъдаса
0
|
хапаралъдаса
0
|
хапараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хапарасдасан
0
|
хапаралъдасан
0
|
хапаралъдасан
0
|
хапараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хапарасухъ
0
|
хапаралъухъ
0
|
хапаралъухъ
0
|
хапаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хапарасухъе
0
|
хапаралъухъе
0
|
хапаралъухъе
0
|
хапаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хапарасухъа
0
|
хапаралъухъа
0
|
хапаралъухъа
0
|
хапаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хапарасухъан
0
|
хапаралъухъан
0
|
хапаралъухъан
0
|
хапаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хапарасулъ
0
|
хапаралъулъ
0
|
хапаралъулъ
0
|
хапаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хапарасулъе
0
|
хапаралъулъе
0
|
хапаралъулъе
0
|
хапаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хапарасулъа
0
|
хапаралъулъа
0
|
хапаралъулъа
0
|
хапаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хапарасулъан
0
|
хапаралъулъан
0
|
хапаралъулъан
0
|
хапаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хапарасукь
0
|
хапаралъукь
0
|
хапаралъукь
0
|
хапаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хапарасукье
0
|
хапаралъукье
0
|
хапаралъукье
0
|
хапаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хапарасукьа
0
|
хапаралъукьа
0
|
хапаралъукьа
0
|
хапаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хапарасукьан
0
|
хапаралъукьан
0
|
хапаралъукьан
0
|
хапаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хапун
[χapun]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хапун
[χapun]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хапичӀого
[χapit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хапулаго
[χapulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хапуларого
[χapularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хапи
[χapi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хапизе
[χapize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
хапизавизе
/[χapizawize]/
0
|
хапизайизе
/[χapizajize]/
0
|
хапизабизе
/[χapizabize]/
0
|
хапизаризе
/[χapizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хапизавуларо
/[χapizawularo]/
0
|
хапизайуларо
/[χapizajularo]/
0
|
хапизабуларо
/[χapizabularo]/
0
|
хапизаруларо
/[χapizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хапиаризе
[χapijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хапиариларо
[χapijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хап-хапизе
[χap-χapize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хап-хапиларо
[χap-χapilaro]
0
|
|||