Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вывестись
выветриться
выйти
завершиться
заключаться
закончиться
застроиться
истощиться
исчерпаться
кончиться
ликвидироваться
оканчиваться
окончиться
перевестись
побежать
попить
пресечься
пронестись
угаснуть
уйти
уплыть
устраниться
кончаться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: lhughize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
175942
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
306
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
лъугӀана
[ɬuʕana]
🔒
427
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
лъугӀичӀо
[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
32
|
|||
| Future Simple |
лъугӀила
[ɬuʕila]
🔒
20
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
лъугӀиларо
[ɬuʕilaro]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Constative |
лъугӀула
[ɬuʕula]
🔒
74
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
лъугӀуларо
[ɬuʕularo]
🔒
35
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
лъугӀулаан
[ɬuʕulajan]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
лъугӀулароан
[ɬuʕularojan]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
лъугӀе
[ɬuʕe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
лъугӀуге
[ɬuʕuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
лъугӀеги
[ɬuʕegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
лъугӀугеги
[ɬuʕugegi]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Hortative |
лъугӀизин
[ɬuʕizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
лъугӀани
[ɬuʕani]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
лъугӀичӀони
[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
5
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀанищ
[ɬuʕaniʃː]
🔒
3
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀичӀищ
[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀулищ
[ɬuʕuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀуларищ
[ɬuʕulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀилищ
[ɬuʕiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀиларищ
[ɬuʕilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
лъугӀарав
/[ɬuʕaraw]/
🔒
130
|
лъугӀарай
/[ɬuʕaraj]/
🔒
31
|
лъугӀараб
/[ɬuʕarab]/
🔒
142
|
лъугӀарал
/[ɬuʕaral]/
🔒
125
|
| Past Participle Negative |
лъугӀичӀев
/[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
8
|
лъугӀичӀей
/[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀej]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀичӀеб
/[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
14
|
лъугӀичӀел
/[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀel]/
🔒
8
|
| Present Participle |
лъугӀулев
/[ɬuʕulew]/
🔒
4
|
лъугӀулей
/[ɬuʕulej]/
🔒
2
|
лъугӀулеб
/[ɬuʕuleb]/
🔒
127
|
лъугӀулел
/[ɬuʕulel]/
🔒
52
|
| Present Participle Negative |
лъугӀуларев
/[ɬuʕularew]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀуларей
/[ɬuʕularej]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀулареб
/[ɬuʕulareb]/
🔒
23
|
лъугӀуларел
/[ɬuʕularel]/
🔒
7
|
| Future Participle |
лъугӀилев
/[ɬuʕilew]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀилей
/[ɬuʕilej]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀилеб
/[ɬuʕileb]/
🔒
3
|
лъугӀилел
/[ɬuʕilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
лъугӀиларев
/[ɬuʕilarew]/
0
|
лъугӀиларей
/[ɬuʕilarej]/
0
|
лъугӀилареб
/[ɬuʕilareb]/
0
|
лъугӀиларел
/[ɬuʕilarel]/
🔒
1
|
| Intentional Participle |
лъугӀизехъин
[ɬuʕizeq͡χːin]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
лъугӀизехъинро
[ɬuʕizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
лъугӀеяв
/[ɬuʕejaw]/
0
|
лъугӀеяй
/[ɬuʕejaj]/
0
|
лъугӀеяб
/[ɬuʕejab]/
0
|
лъугӀеял
/[ɬuʕejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
лъугӀарав
130
|
лъугӀарай
31
|
лъугӀараб
142
|
лъугӀарал
125
|
| Ergative |
лъугӀарас
3
|
лъугӀаралъ
0
|
лъугӀаралъ
0
|
лъугӀараз
4
|
| Genitive |
лъугӀарасул
0
|
лъугӀаралъул
0
|
лъугӀаралъул
0
|
лъугӀаразул
20
|
| Dative |
лъугӀарасе
0
|
лъугӀаралъе
0
|
лъугӀаралъе
0
|
лъугӀаразе
1
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
лъугӀарасда
0
|
лъугӀаралъда
0
|
лъугӀаралъда
0
|
лъугӀаразда
7
|
| Allative (-де) |
лъугӀарасде
0
|
лъугӀаралъде
0
|
лъугӀаралъде
0
|
лъугӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
лъугӀарасдаса
0
|
лъугӀаралъдаса
0
|
лъугӀаралъдаса
0
|
лъугӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
лъугӀарасдасан
0
|
лъугӀаралъдасан
0
|
лъугӀаралъдасан
0
|
лъугӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
лъугӀарасухъ
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъ
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъ
0
|
лъугӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
лъугӀарасухъе
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъе
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъе
0
|
лъугӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
лъугӀарасухъа
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъа
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъа
0
|
лъугӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
лъугӀарасухъан
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъан
0
|
лъугӀаралъухъан
0
|
лъугӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
лъугӀарасулъ
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъ
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъ
0
|
лъугӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
лъугӀарасулъе
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъе
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъе
0
|
лъугӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
лъугӀарасулъа
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъа
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъа
0
|
лъугӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
лъугӀарасулъан
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъан
0
|
лъугӀаралъулъан
0
|
лъугӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
лъугӀарасукь
0
|
лъугӀаралъукь
0
|
лъугӀаралъукь
0
|
лъугӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
лъугӀарасукье
0
|
лъугӀаралъукье
0
|
лъугӀаралъукье
0
|
лъугӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
лъугӀарасукьа
0
|
лъугӀаралъукьа
0
|
лъугӀаралъукьа
0
|
лъугӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
лъугӀарасукьан
0
|
лъугӀаралъукьан
0
|
лъугӀаралъукьан
0
|
лъугӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
лъугӀун
[ɬuʕun]
🔒
1178
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
лъугӀун
[ɬuʕun]
🔒
1178
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
лъугӀичӀого
[ɬuʕit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
26
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
лъугӀулаго
[ɬuʕulago]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
лъугӀуларого
[ɬuʕularogo]
🔒
4
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
лъугӀи
[ɬuʕi]
🔒
75
|
|||
| Infinitive |
лъугӀизе
[ɬuʕize]
🔒
306
|
|||
| Causative |
лъугӀизавизе
/[ɬuʕizawize]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайизе
/[ɬuʕizajize]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабизе
/[ɬuʕizabize]/
🔒
184
|
лъугӀизаризе
/[ɬuʕizarize]/
🔒
85
|
| Causative Negative |
лъугӀизавуларо
/[ɬuʕizawularo]/
0
|
лъугӀизайуларо
/[ɬuʕizajularo]/
0
|
лъугӀизабуларо
/[ɬuʕizabularo]/
0
|
лъугӀизаруларо
/[ɬuʕizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
лъугӀиаризе
[ɬuʕijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
лъугӀиариларо
[ɬuʕijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
лъугӀ-лъугӀизе
[ɬuʕ-ɬuʕize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
лъугӀ-лъугӀиларо
[ɬuʕ-ɬuʕilaro]
0
|
|||