Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вылезтивылезть
лезть
обиться
облезть
опасть
осыпаться
посыпаться
сечь
спасть
сыпаться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: ghine
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
176325
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
4
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
гъана
[ʁana]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гъинчӀо
[ʁint͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гъина
[ʁina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гъинаро
[ʁinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гъуна
[ʁuna]
🔒
51
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гъунаро
[ʁunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гъунаан
[ʁunajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гъунароан
[ʁunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гъа
[ʁa]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гъунге
[ʁunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гъаги
[ʁagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гъунгеги
[ʁungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гъинин
[ʁinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гъани
[ʁani]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гъинчӀони
[ʁint͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гъанищ
[ʁaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гъинчӀищ
[ʁint͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гъунищ
[ʁuniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гъунарищ
[ʁunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гъинищ
[ʁiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гъинарищ
[ʁinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гъарав
/[ʁaraw]/
🔒
0
|
гъарай
/[ʁaraj]/
🔒
0
|
гъараб
/[ʁarab]/
🔒
3
|
гъарал
/[ʁaral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гъинчӀев
/[ʁint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
гъинчӀей
/[ʁint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
гъинчӀеб
/[ʁint͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
1
|
гъинчӀел
/[ʁint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гъунев
/[ʁunew]/
🔒
0
|
гъуней
/[ʁunej]/
🔒
0
|
гъунеб
/[ʁuneb]/
🔒
6
|
гъунел
/[ʁunel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гъунарев
/[ʁunarew]/
0
|
гъунарей
/[ʁunarej]/
0
|
гъунареб
/[ʁunareb]/
🔒
1
|
гъунарел
/[ʁunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гъинев
/[ʁinew]/
0
|
гъиней
/[ʁinej]/
0
|
гъинеб
/[ʁineb]/
0
|
гъинел
/[ʁinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гъинарев
/[ʁinarew]/
0
|
гъинарей
/[ʁinarej]/
0
|
гъинареб
/[ʁinareb]/
0
|
гъинарел
/[ʁinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гъинехъин
[ʁineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гъинехъинро
[ʁineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гъаяв
/[ʁajaw]/
0
|
гъаяй
/[ʁajaj]/
0
|
гъаяб
/[ʁajab]/
0
|
гъаял
/[ʁajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гъарав
0
|
гъарай
0
|
гъараб
3
|
гъарал
1
|
| Ergative |
гъарас
0
|
гъаралъ
0
|
гъаралъ
0
|
гъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гъарасул
0
|
гъаралъул
0
|
гъаралъул
0
|
гъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гъарасе
0
|
гъаралъе
1
|
гъаралъе
1
|
гъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гъарасда
0
|
гъаралъда
0
|
гъаралъда
0
|
гъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гъарасде
0
|
гъаралъде
0
|
гъаралъде
0
|
гъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гъарасдаса
0
|
гъаралъдаса
0
|
гъаралъдаса
0
|
гъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гъарасдасан
0
|
гъаралъдасан
0
|
гъаралъдасан
0
|
гъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гъарасухъ
0
|
гъаралъухъ
0
|
гъаралъухъ
0
|
гъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гъарасухъе
0
|
гъаралъухъе
0
|
гъаралъухъе
0
|
гъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гъарасухъа
0
|
гъаралъухъа
0
|
гъаралъухъа
0
|
гъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гъарасухъан
0
|
гъаралъухъан
0
|
гъаралъухъан
0
|
гъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гъарасулъ
0
|
гъаралъулъ
0
|
гъаралъулъ
0
|
гъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гъарасулъе
0
|
гъаралъулъе
0
|
гъаралъулъе
0
|
гъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гъарасулъа
0
|
гъаралъулъа
0
|
гъаралъулъа
0
|
гъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гъарасулъан
0
|
гъаралъулъан
0
|
гъаралъулъан
0
|
гъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гъарасукь
0
|
гъаралъукь
0
|
гъаралъукь
0
|
гъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гъарасукье
0
|
гъаралъукье
0
|
гъаралъукье
0
|
гъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гъарасукьа
0
|
гъаралъукьа
0
|
гъаралъукьа
0
|
гъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гъарасукьан
0
|
гъаралъукьан
0
|
гъаралъукьан
0
|
гъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гъун
[ʁun]
🔒
137
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гъун
[ʁun]
🔒
137
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гъинчӀого
[ʁint͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гъунаго
[ʁunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гъунарого
[ʁunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гъин
[ʁin]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гъине
[ʁine]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Causative |
гъинавизе
/[ʁinawize]/
🔒
0
|
гъинайизе
/[ʁinajize]/
🔒
0
|
гъинабизе
/[ʁinabize]/
🔒
3
|
гъинаризе
/[ʁinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гъинавуларо
/[ʁinawularo]/
0
|
гъинайуларо
/[ʁinajularo]/
0
|
гъинабуларо
/[ʁinabularo]/
0
|
гъинаруларо
/[ʁinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гъанхъизе
[ʁanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гъанхъиларо
[ʁanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гъи-гъине
[ʁi-ʁine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гъи-гъинаро
[ʁi-ʁinaro]
0
|
|||