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🌐 Translations
Russian
выплюнуть
пенять
плевать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: tuze
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
176559
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
7
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
тана
[tana]
🔒
870
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тучӀо
[tut͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тула
[tula]
🔒
18
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
туларо
[tularo]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тула
[tula]
🔒
18
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
туларо
[tularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тулаан
[tulajan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
тулароан
[tularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
—
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
туге
[tuge]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Optative |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тугеги
[tugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тузин
[tuzin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
—
0
|
|||
| Conditional |
тани
[tani]
🔒
194
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тучӀони
[tut͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
танищ
[taniʃː]
🔒
4
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тучӀищ
[tut͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тулищ
[tuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
туларищ
[tulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тулищ
[tuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
туларищ
[tulariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тарав
/[taraw]/
🔒
251
|
тарай
/[taraj]/
🔒
40
|
тараб
/[tarab]/
🔒
783
|
тарал
/[taral]/
🔒
483
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тучӀев
/[tut͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тучӀей
/[tut͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тучӀеб
/[tut͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тучӀел
/[tut͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тулев
/[tulew]/
🔒
2
|
тулей
/[tulej]/
🔒
0
|
тулеб
/[tuleb]/
🔒
10
|
тулел
/[tulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
туларев
/[tularew]/
0
|
туларей
/[tularej]/
0
|
тулареб
/[tulareb]/
0
|
туларел
/[tularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тулев
/[tulew]/
🔒
2
|
тулей
/[tulej]/
🔒
0
|
тулеб
/[tuleb]/
🔒
10
|
тулел
/[tulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle Negative |
туларев
/[tularew]/
0
|
туларей
/[tularej]/
0
|
тулареб
/[tulareb]/
0
|
туларел
/[tularel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тузехъин
[tuzeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тузехъинро
[tuzeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
—
0
|
|||
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тарав
251
|
тарай
40
|
тараб
783
|
тарал
483
|
| Ergative |
тарас
10
|
таралъ
5
|
таралъ
5
|
тараз
5
|
| Genitive |
тарасул
3
|
таралъул
56
|
таралъул
56
|
таразул
13
|
| Dative |
тарасе
2
|
таралъе
6
|
таралъе
6
|
таразе
7
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тарасда
4
|
таралъда
0
|
таралъда
0
|
таразда
7
|
| Allative (-де) |
тарасде
0
|
таралъде
0
|
таралъде
0
|
таразде
3
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тарасдаса
0
|
таралъдаса
0
|
таралъдаса
0
|
тараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тарасдасан
0
|
таралъдасан
0
|
таралъдасан
0
|
тараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тарасухъ
0
|
таралъухъ
17
|
таралъухъ
17
|
таразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тарасухъе
0
|
таралъухъе
0
|
таралъухъе
0
|
таразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тарасухъа
0
|
таралъухъа
0
|
таралъухъа
0
|
таразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тарасухъан
0
|
таралъухъан
0
|
таралъухъан
0
|
таразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тарасулъ
0
|
таралъулъ
1
|
таралъулъ
1
|
таразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тарасулъе
0
|
таралъулъе
0
|
таралъулъе
0
|
таразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тарасулъа
0
|
таралъулъа
0
|
таралъулъа
0
|
таразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тарасулъан
0
|
таралъулъан
0
|
таралъулъан
0
|
таразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тарасукь
0
|
таралъукь
0
|
таралъукь
0
|
таразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тарасукье
0
|
таралъукье
0
|
таралъукье
0
|
таразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тарасукьа
0
|
таралъукьа
0
|
таралъукьа
0
|
таразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тарасукьан
0
|
таралъукьан
0
|
таралъукьан
0
|
таразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тун
[tun]
🔒
2841
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тун
[tun]
🔒
2841
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тучӀого
[tut͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тулаго
[tulago]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
туларого
[tularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тузе
[tuze]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тузе
[tuze]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Causative |
тузавизе
/[tuzawize]/
0
|
тузайизе
/[tuzajize]/
0
|
тузабизе
/[tuzabize]/
0
|
тузаризе
/[tuzarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
тузавуларо
/[tuzawularo]/
0
|
тузайуларо
/[tuzajularo]/
0
|
тузабуларо
/[tuzabularo]/
0
|
тузаруларо
/[tuzarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тударизе
[tudarize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тудариларо
[tudarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
ту-тузе
[tu-tuze]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
ту-туларо
[tu-tularo]
0
|
|||