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🌐 Translations
Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ts'utʼize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
176633
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
цӀутӀана
[t͡sˀutˀana]
0
|
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| Past Simple Negative |
цӀутӀичӀо
[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
цӀутӀила
[t͡sˀutˀila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
цӀутӀиларо
[t͡sˀutˀilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
цӀутӀула
[t͡sˀutˀula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
цӀутӀуларо
[t͡sˀutˀularo]
0
|
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|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
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| Remote Present |
—
0
|
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|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
цӀутӀулаан
[t͡sʼutʼulajan]
0
|
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| Remote Past Negative |
цӀутӀулароан
[t͡sʼutʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
цӀутӀе
[t͡sˀutˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
цӀутӀуге
[t͡sˀutˀuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
цӀутӀеги
[t͡sʼutʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
цӀутӀугеги
[t͡sˀutˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
цӀутӀизин
[t͡sˀutˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
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| Conditional |
цӀутӀани
[t͡sˀutˀani]
0
|
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| Conditional Negative |
цӀутӀичӀони
[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀутӀанищ
[t͡sˀutˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀутӀичӀищ
[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀутӀулищ
[t͡sˀutˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀутӀуларищ
[t͡sˀutˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀутӀилищ
[t͡sˀutˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀутӀиларищ
[t͡sˀutˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
цӀутӀарав
/[t͡sˀutˀaraw]/
🔒
0
|
цӀутӀарай
/[t͡sˀutˀaraj]/
🔒
0
|
цӀутӀараб
/[t͡sˀutˀarab]/
🔒
6
|
цӀутӀарал
/[t͡sˀutˀaral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
цӀутӀичӀев
/[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
цӀутӀичӀей
/[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
цӀутӀичӀеб
/[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
цӀутӀичӀел
/[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
цӀутӀулев
/[t͡sˀutˀulew]/
0
|
цӀутӀулей
/[t͡sˀutˀulej]/
0
|
цӀутӀулеб
/[t͡sˀutˀuleb]/
0
|
цӀутӀулел
/[t͡sˀutˀulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
цӀутӀуларев
/[t͡sˀutˀularew]/
0
|
цӀутӀуларей
/[t͡sˀutˀularej]/
0
|
цӀутӀулареб
/[t͡sˀutˀulareb]/
0
|
цӀутӀуларел
/[t͡sˀutˀularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
цӀутӀилев
/[t͡sˀutˀilew]/
0
|
цӀутӀилей
/[t͡sˀutˀilej]/
0
|
цӀутӀилеб
/[t͡sˀutˀileb]/
0
|
цӀутӀилел
/[t͡sˀutˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
цӀутӀиларев
/[t͡sˀutˀilarew]/
0
|
цӀутӀиларей
/[t͡sˀutˀilarej]/
0
|
цӀутӀилареб
/[t͡sˀutˀilareb]/
0
|
цӀутӀиларел
/[t͡sˀutˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
цӀутӀизехъин
[t͡sˀutˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
цӀутӀизехъинро
[t͡sˀutˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
цӀутӀеяв
/[t͡sˀutˀejaw]/
0
|
цӀутӀеяй
/[t͡sˀutˀejaj]/
0
|
цӀутӀеяб
/[t͡sˀutˀejab]/
0
|
цӀутӀеял
/[t͡sʼutʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
цӀутӀарав
0
|
цӀутӀарай
0
|
цӀутӀараб
6
|
цӀутӀарал
1
|
| Ergative |
цӀутӀарас
0
|
цӀутӀаралъ
0
|
цӀутӀаралъ
0
|
цӀутӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
цӀутӀарасул
0
|
цӀутӀаралъул
0
|
цӀутӀаралъул
0
|
цӀутӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
цӀутӀарасе
0
|
цӀутӀаралъе
0
|
цӀутӀаралъе
0
|
цӀутӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
цӀутӀарасда
0
|
цӀутӀаралъда
0
|
цӀутӀаралъда
0
|
цӀутӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
цӀутӀарасде
0
|
цӀутӀаралъде
0
|
цӀутӀаралъде
0
|
цӀутӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
цӀутӀарасдаса
0
|
цӀутӀаралъдаса
0
|
цӀутӀаралъдаса
0
|
цӀутӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
цӀутӀарасдасан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъдасан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъдасан
0
|
цӀутӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
цӀутӀарасухъ
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъ
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъ
0
|
цӀутӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
цӀутӀарасухъе
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъе
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъе
0
|
цӀутӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
цӀутӀарасухъа
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъа
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъа
0
|
цӀутӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
цӀутӀарасухъан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъухъан
0
|
цӀутӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
цӀутӀарасулъ
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъ
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъ
0
|
цӀутӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
цӀутӀарасулъе
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъе
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъе
0
|
цӀутӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
цӀутӀарасулъа
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъа
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъа
0
|
цӀутӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
цӀутӀарасулъан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъулъан
0
|
цӀутӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
цӀутӀарасукь
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукь
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукь
0
|
цӀутӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
цӀутӀарасукье
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукье
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукье
0
|
цӀутӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
цӀутӀарасукьа
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукьа
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукьа
0
|
цӀутӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
цӀутӀарасукьан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукьан
0
|
цӀутӀаралъукьан
0
|
цӀутӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
цӀутӀун
[t͡sʼutʼun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
цӀутӀун
[t͡sˀutˀun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
цӀутӀичӀого
[t͡sˀutˀit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
цӀутӀулаго
[t͡sˀutˀulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
цӀутӀуларого
[t͡sˀutˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
цӀутӀи
[t͡sˀutˀi]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
цӀутӀизе
[t͡sˀutˀize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
цӀутӀизавизе
/[t͡sʼutʼizawize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀутӀизайизе
/[t͡sʼutʼizajize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀутӀизабизе
/[t͡sˀutˀizabize]/
🔒
3
|
цӀутӀизаризе
/[t͡sʼutʼizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
цӀутӀизавуларо
/[t͡sʼutʼizawularo]/
0
|
цӀутӀизайуларо
/[t͡sʼutʼizajularo]/
0
|
цӀутӀизабуларо
/[t͡sˀutˀizabularo]/
0
|
цӀутӀизаруларо
/[t͡sʼutʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
цӀутӀиаризе
[t͡sˀutˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
цӀутӀиариларо
[t͡sˀutˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
цӀутӀ-цӀутӀизе
[t͡sˀutˀ-t͡sˀutˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
цӀутӀ-цӀутӀиларо
[t͡sˀutˀ-t͡sˀutˀilaro]
0
|
|||