Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
выскрести
скоблить
черкать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: qvaghaze
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
176794
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
5
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[q͡χːwaʕalew wugo]/ |
/[q͡χːwaʕalej jigo]/ |
/[q͡χːwaʕaleb bugo]/ |
/[q͡χːwaʕalel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[q͡χːwaʕalew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χːwaʕalej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χːwaʕaleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χːwaʕalel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хъвагӀана
[q͡χːwaʕana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хъвагӀачӀо
[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хъвагӀала
[q͡χːwaʕala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хъвагӀаларо
[q͡χːwaʕalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хъвагӀала
[q͡χːwaʕala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хъвагӀаларо
[q͡χːwaʕalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хъвагӀалаан
[q͡χːwaʕalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хъвагӀалароан
[q͡χːwaʕalarojan]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хъвагӀа
[q͡χːwaʕa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хъвагӀаге
[q͡χːwaʕage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хъвагӀаги
[q͡χːwaʕagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хъвагӀагеги
[q͡χːwaʕagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хъвагӀазин
[q͡χːwaʕazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хъвагӀани
[q͡χːwaʕani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хъвагӀачӀони
[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хъвагӀанищ
[q͡χːwaʕaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъвагӀачӀищ
[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хъвагӀалищ
[q͡χːwaʕaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъвагӀаларищ
[q͡χːwaʕalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хъвагӀалищ
[q͡χːwaʕaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъвагӀаларищ
[q͡χːwaʕalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хъвагӀарав
/[q͡χːwaʕaraw]/
🔒
0
|
хъвагӀарай
/[q͡χːwaʕaraj]/
🔒
0
|
хъвагӀараб
/[q͡χːwaʕarab]/
🔒
5
|
хъвагӀарал
/[q͡χːwaʕaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хъвагӀачӀев
/[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хъвагӀачӀей
/[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хъвагӀачӀеб
/[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хъвагӀачӀел
/[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хъвагӀалев
/[q͡χːwaʕalew]/
🔒
0
|
хъвагӀалей
/[q͡χːwaʕalej]/
🔒
0
|
хъвагӀалеб
/[q͡χːwaʕaleb]/
🔒
1
|
хъвагӀалел
/[q͡χːwaʕalel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хъвагӀаларев
/[q͡χːwaʕalarew]/
0
|
хъвагӀаларей
/[q͡χːwaʕalarej]/
0
|
хъвагӀалареб
/[q͡χːwaʕalareb]/
0
|
хъвагӀаларел
/[q͡χːwaʕalarel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle |
хъвагӀалев
/[q͡χːwaʕalew]/
🔒
0
|
хъвагӀалей
/[q͡χːwaʕalej]/
🔒
0
|
хъвагӀалеб
/[q͡χːwaʕaleb]/
🔒
1
|
хъвагӀалел
/[q͡χːwaʕalel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хъвагӀаларев
/[q͡χːwaʕalarew]/
0
|
хъвагӀаларей
/[q͡χːwaʕalarej]/
0
|
хъвагӀалареб
/[q͡χːwaʕalareb]/
0
|
хъвагӀаларел
/[q͡χːwaʕalarel]/
🔒
1
|
| Intentional Participle |
хъвагӀазехъин
[q͡χːwaʕazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хъвагӀазехъинро
[q͡χːwaʕazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хъвагӀаяв
/[q͡χːwaʕajaw]/
0
|
хъвагӀаяй
/[q͡χːwaʕajaj]/
0
|
хъвагӀаяб
/[q͡χːwaʕajab]/
0
|
хъвагӀаял
/[q͡χːwaʕajal]/
🔒
114
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хъвагӀарав
0
|
хъвагӀарай
0
|
хъвагӀараб
5
|
хъвагӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хъвагӀарас
0
|
хъвагӀаралъ
0
|
хъвагӀаралъ
0
|
хъвагӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хъвагӀарасул
0
|
хъвагӀаралъул
0
|
хъвагӀаралъул
0
|
хъвагӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хъвагӀарасе
0
|
хъвагӀаралъе
0
|
хъвагӀаралъе
0
|
хъвагӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хъвагӀарасда
0
|
хъвагӀаралъда
0
|
хъвагӀаралъда
0
|
хъвагӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хъвагӀарасде
0
|
хъвагӀаралъде
0
|
хъвагӀаралъде
0
|
хъвагӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хъвагӀарасдаса
0
|
хъвагӀаралъдаса
0
|
хъвагӀаралъдаса
0
|
хъвагӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хъвагӀарасдасан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъдасан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъдасан
0
|
хъвагӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хъвагӀарасухъ
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъ
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъ
0
|
хъвагӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хъвагӀарасухъе
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъе
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъе
0
|
хъвагӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хъвагӀарасухъа
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъа
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъа
0
|
хъвагӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хъвагӀарасухъан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъухъан
0
|
хъвагӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хъвагӀарасулъ
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъ
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъ
0
|
хъвагӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хъвагӀарасулъе
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъе
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъе
0
|
хъвагӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хъвагӀарасулъа
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъа
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъа
0
|
хъвагӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хъвагӀарасулъан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъулъан
0
|
хъвагӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хъвагӀарасукь
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукь
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукь
0
|
хъвагӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хъвагӀарасукье
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукье
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукье
0
|
хъвагӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хъвагӀарасукьа
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукьа
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукьа
0
|
хъвагӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хъвагӀарасукьан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукьан
0
|
хъвагӀаралъукьан
0
|
хъвагӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хъвагӀан
[q͡χːwaʕan]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хъвагӀан
[q͡χːwaʕan]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хъвагӀачӀого
[q͡χːwaʕat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хъвагӀалаго
[q͡χːwaʕalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хъвагӀаларого
[q͡χːwaʕalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хъвагӀай
[q͡χːwaʕaj]
🔒
430
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хъвагӀазе
[q͡χːwaʕaze]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Causative |
хъвагӀазавизе
/[q͡χːwaʕazawize]/
0
|
хъвагӀазайизе
/[q͡χːwaʕazajize]/
0
|
хъвагӀазабизе
/[q͡χːwaʕazabize]/
0
|
хъвагӀазаризе
/[q͡χːwaʕazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хъвагӀазавуларо
/[q͡χːwaʕazawularo]/
0
|
хъвагӀазайуларо
/[q͡χːwaʕazajularo]/
0
|
хъвагӀазабуларо
/[q͡χːwaʕazabularo]/
0
|
хъвагӀазаруларо
/[q͡χːwaʕazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хъвагӀааризе
[q͡χːwaʕajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хъвагӀаариларо
[q͡χːwaʕajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хъвагӀа-хъвагӀазе
[q͡χːwaʕa-q͡χːwaʕaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хъвагӀа-хъвагӀаларо
[q͡χːwaʕa-q͡χːwaʕalaro]
0
|
|||