Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
выстудиться
замёрзнуть
намёрзнуть
озябнуть
окоченеть
остыть
отмерзнуть
охладиться
перемёрзнуть
переохладиться
похолодеть
простыть
смёрзнуть
стынутьстыть
холодеть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ts'oroze
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
176933
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
14
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
цӀорона
[t͡sˀorona]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
цӀорочӀо
[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀo]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple |
цӀорола
[t͡sˀorola]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
цӀороларо
[t͡sˀorolaro]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Constative |
цӀорола
[t͡sˀorola]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
цӀороларо
[t͡sˀorolaro]
🔒
2
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
цӀоролаан
[t͡sʼorolajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
цӀоролароан
[t͡sʼorolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
цӀоро
[t͡sˀoro]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
цӀороге
[t͡sˀoroge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
цӀороги
[t͡sˀorogi]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
цӀорогеги
[t͡sˀorogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
цӀорозин
[t͡sˀorozin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
цӀорони
[t͡sˀoroni]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
цӀорочӀони
[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀоронищ
[t͡sˀoroniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀорочӀищ
[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀоролищ
[t͡sˀoroliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀороларищ
[t͡sˀorolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀоролищ
[t͡sˀoroliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀороларищ
[t͡sˀorolariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
цӀорорав
/[t͡sˀororaw]/
🔒
0
|
цӀорорай
/[t͡sˀororaj]/
🔒
2
|
цӀорораб
/[t͡sˀororab]/
🔒
243
|
цӀорорал
/[t͡sˀororal]/
🔒
43
|
| Past Participle Negative |
цӀорочӀев
/[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
0
|
цӀорочӀей
/[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀej]/
🔒
0
|
цӀорочӀеб
/[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
2
|
цӀорочӀел
/[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
цӀоролев
/[t͡sˀorolew]/
🔒
1
|
цӀоролей
/[t͡sˀorolej]/
🔒
0
|
цӀоролеб
/[t͡sˀoroleb]/
🔒
6
|
цӀоролел
/[t͡sˀorolel]/
🔒
6
|
| Present Participle Negative |
цӀороларев
/[t͡sˀorolarew]/
🔒
0
|
цӀороларей
/[t͡sˀorolarej]/
🔒
0
|
цӀоролареб
/[t͡sˀorolareb]/
🔒
1
|
цӀороларел
/[t͡sˀorolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
цӀоролев
/[t͡sˀorolew]/
🔒
1
|
цӀоролей
/[t͡sˀorolej]/
🔒
0
|
цӀоролеб
/[t͡sˀoroleb]/
🔒
6
|
цӀоролел
/[t͡sˀorolel]/
🔒
6
|
| Future Participle Negative |
цӀороларев
/[t͡sˀorolarew]/
🔒
0
|
цӀороларей
/[t͡sˀorolarej]/
🔒
0
|
цӀоролареб
/[t͡sˀorolareb]/
🔒
1
|
цӀороларел
/[t͡sˀorolarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
цӀорозехъин
[t͡sˀorozeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
цӀорозехъинро
[t͡sˀorozeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
цӀорояв
/[t͡sˀorojaw]/
0
|
цӀорояй
/[t͡sˀorojaj]/
0
|
цӀорояб
/[t͡sˀorojab]/
0
|
цӀороял
/[t͡sʼorojal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
цӀорорав
0
|
цӀорорай
2
|
цӀорораб
243
|
цӀорорал
43
|
| Ergative |
цӀорорас
0
|
цӀороралъ
0
|
цӀороралъ
0
|
цӀорораз
0
|
| Genitive |
цӀорорасул
0
|
цӀороралъул
0
|
цӀороралъул
0
|
цӀороразул
0
|
| Dative |
цӀорорасе
0
|
цӀороралъе
0
|
цӀороралъе
0
|
цӀороразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
цӀорорасда
0
|
цӀороралъда
0
|
цӀороралъда
0
|
цӀороразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
цӀорорасде
0
|
цӀороралъде
0
|
цӀороралъде
0
|
цӀороразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
цӀорорасдаса
0
|
цӀороралъдаса
0
|
цӀороралъдаса
0
|
цӀорораздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
цӀорорасдасан
0
|
цӀороралъдасан
0
|
цӀороралъдасан
0
|
цӀорораздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
цӀорорасухъ
0
|
цӀороралъухъ
0
|
цӀороралъухъ
0
|
цӀороразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
цӀорорасухъе
0
|
цӀороралъухъе
0
|
цӀороралъухъе
0
|
цӀороразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
цӀорорасухъа
0
|
цӀороралъухъа
0
|
цӀороралъухъа
0
|
цӀороразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
цӀорорасухъан
0
|
цӀороралъухъан
0
|
цӀороралъухъан
0
|
цӀороразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
цӀорорасулъ
0
|
цӀороралъулъ
0
|
цӀороралъулъ
0
|
цӀороразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
цӀорорасулъе
0
|
цӀороралъулъе
0
|
цӀороралъулъе
0
|
цӀороразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
цӀорорасулъа
0
|
цӀороралъулъа
0
|
цӀороралъулъа
0
|
цӀороразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
цӀорорасулъан
0
|
цӀороралъулъан
0
|
цӀороралъулъан
0
|
цӀороразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
цӀорорасукь
0
|
цӀороралъукь
0
|
цӀороралъукь
0
|
цӀороразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
цӀорорасукье
0
|
цӀороралъукье
0
|
цӀороралъукье
0
|
цӀороразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
цӀорорасукьа
0
|
цӀороралъукьа
0
|
цӀороралъукьа
0
|
цӀороразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
цӀорорасукьан
0
|
цӀороралъукьан
0
|
цӀороралъукьан
0
|
цӀороразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
цӀорон
[t͡sʼoron]
🔒
58
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
цӀорон
[t͡sˀoron]
🔒
58
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
цӀорочӀого
[t͡sˀorot͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
цӀоролаго
[t͡sˀorolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
цӀороларого
[t͡sˀorolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
цӀорой
[t͡sˀoroj]
🔒
70
|
|||
| Infinitive |
цӀорозе
[t͡sˀoroze]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Causative |
цӀорозавизе
/[t͡sʼorozawize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀорозайизе
/[t͡sʼorozajize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀорозабизе
/[t͡sˀorozabize]/
🔒
1
|
цӀорозаризе
/[t͡sʼorozarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
цӀорозавуларо
/[t͡sʼorozawularo]/
0
|
цӀорозайуларо
/[t͡sʼorozajularo]/
0
|
цӀорозабуларо
/[t͡sˀorozabularo]/
0
|
цӀорозаруларо
/[t͡sʼorozarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
цӀороаризе
[t͡sˀorojarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
цӀороариларо
[t͡sˀorojarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
цӀоро-цӀорозе
[t͡sˀoro-t͡sˀoroze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
цӀоро-цӀороларо
[t͡sˀoro-t͡sˀorolaro]
0
|
|||