Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
вытравить
красть
погонять
прогонять
рассеять
стащить
таскать
тащить
увезти
угнать
умчать
утащить
утянуть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: qamize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
177006
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
21
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
хъамана
[q͡χːamana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хъамичӀо
[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хъамила
[q͡χːamila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хъамиларо
[q͡χːamilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хъамула
[q͡χːamula]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хъамуларо
[q͡χːamularo]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хъамулаан
[q͡χːamulajan]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хъамулароан
[q͡χːamularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хъаме
[q͡χːame]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хъамуге
[q͡χːamuge]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Optative |
хъамеги
[q͡χːamegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хъамугеги
[q͡χːamugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хъамизин
[q͡χːamizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хъамани
[q͡χːamani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хъамичӀони
[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хъаманищ
[q͡χːamaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъамичӀищ
[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хъамулищ
[q͡χːamuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъамуларищ
[q͡χːamulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хъамилищ
[q͡χːamiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хъамиларищ
[q͡χːamilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хъамарав
/[q͡χːamaraw]/
0
|
хъамарай
/[q͡χːamaraj]/
0
|
хъамараб
/[q͡χːamarab]/
0
|
хъамарал
/[q͡χːamaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хъамичӀев
/[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хъамичӀей
/[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хъамичӀеб
/[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хъамичӀел
/[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хъамулев
/[q͡χːamulew]/
🔒
3
|
хъамулей
/[q͡χːamulej]/
🔒
0
|
хъамулеб
/[q͡χːamuleb]/
🔒
10
|
хъамулел
/[q͡χːamulel]/
🔒
16
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хъамуларев
/[q͡χːamularew]/
0
|
хъамуларей
/[q͡χːamularej]/
0
|
хъамулареб
/[q͡χːamulareb]/
0
|
хъамуларел
/[q͡χːamularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хъамилев
/[q͡χːamilew]/
0
|
хъамилей
/[q͡χːamilej]/
0
|
хъамилеб
/[q͡χːamileb]/
0
|
хъамилел
/[q͡χːamilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хъамиларев
/[q͡χːamilarew]/
0
|
хъамиларей
/[q͡χːamilarej]/
0
|
хъамилареб
/[q͡χːamilareb]/
0
|
хъамиларел
/[q͡χːamilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хъамизехъин
[q͡χːamizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хъамизехъинро
[q͡χːamizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хъамеяв
/[q͡χːamejaw]/
0
|
хъамеяй
/[q͡χːamejaj]/
0
|
хъамеяб
/[q͡χːamejab]/
0
|
хъамеял
/[q͡χːamejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хъамарав
0
|
хъамарай
0
|
хъамараб
0
|
хъамарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хъамарас
0
|
хъамаралъ
0
|
хъамаралъ
0
|
хъамараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хъамарасул
0
|
хъамаралъул
0
|
хъамаралъул
0
|
хъамаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хъамарасе
0
|
хъамаралъе
0
|
хъамаралъе
0
|
хъамаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хъамарасда
0
|
хъамаралъда
0
|
хъамаралъда
0
|
хъамаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хъамарасде
0
|
хъамаралъде
0
|
хъамаралъде
0
|
хъамаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хъамарасдаса
0
|
хъамаралъдаса
0
|
хъамаралъдаса
0
|
хъамараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хъамарасдасан
0
|
хъамаралъдасан
0
|
хъамаралъдасан
0
|
хъамараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хъамарасухъ
0
|
хъамаралъухъ
0
|
хъамаралъухъ
0
|
хъамаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хъамарасухъе
0
|
хъамаралъухъе
0
|
хъамаралъухъе
0
|
хъамаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хъамарасухъа
0
|
хъамаралъухъа
0
|
хъамаралъухъа
0
|
хъамаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хъамарасухъан
0
|
хъамаралъухъан
0
|
хъамаралъухъан
0
|
хъамаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хъамарасулъ
0
|
хъамаралъулъ
0
|
хъамаралъулъ
0
|
хъамаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хъамарасулъе
0
|
хъамаралъулъе
0
|
хъамаралъулъе
0
|
хъамаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хъамарасулъа
0
|
хъамаралъулъа
0
|
хъамаралъулъа
0
|
хъамаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хъамарасулъан
0
|
хъамаралъулъан
0
|
хъамаралъулъан
0
|
хъамаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хъамарасукь
0
|
хъамаралъукь
0
|
хъамаралъукь
0
|
хъамаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хъамарасукье
0
|
хъамаралъукье
0
|
хъамаралъукье
0
|
хъамаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хъамарасукьа
0
|
хъамаралъукьа
0
|
хъамаралъукьа
0
|
хъамаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хъамарасукьан
0
|
хъамаралъукьан
0
|
хъамаралъукьан
0
|
хъамаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хъамун
[q͡χːamun]
🔒
109
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хъамун
[q͡χːamun]
🔒
109
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хъамичӀого
[q͡χːamit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хъамулаго
[q͡χːamulago]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хъамуларого
[q͡χːamularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хъами
[q͡χːami]
🔒
41
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хъамизе
[q͡χːamize]
🔒
21
|
|||
| Causative |
хъамизавизе
/[q͡χːamizawize]/
0
|
хъамизайизе
/[q͡χːamizajize]/
0
|
хъамизабизе
/[q͡χːamizabize]/
0
|
хъамизаризе
/[q͡χːamizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хъамизавуларо
/[q͡χːamizawularo]/
0
|
хъамизайуларо
/[q͡χːamizajularo]/
0
|
хъамизабуларо
/[q͡χːamizabularo]/
0
|
хъамизаруларо
/[q͡χːamizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хъамиаризе
[q͡χːamijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хъамиариларо
[q͡χːamijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хъам-хъамизе
[q͡χːam-q͡χːamize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хъам-хъамиларо
[q͡χːam-q͡χːamilaro]
0
|
|||