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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: svinabize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
177327
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
87
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[swinawulew wugo]/ |
/[swinajulej jigo]/ |
/[swinabuleb bugo]/ |
/[swinarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[swinawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[swinajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[swinabuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[swinarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
свинавуна
/[swinawuna]/
🔒
0
|
свинайуна
/[swinajuna]/
🔒
0
|
свинабуна
/[swinabuna]/
🔒
14
|
свинаруна
/[swinaruna]/
🔒
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
свинавичӀо
/[swinawit͡ʃʼo]/
🔒
0
|
свинайичӀо
/[swinajit͡ʃʼo]/
🔒
0
|
свинабичӀо
/[swinabit͡ʃˀo]/
🔒
1
|
свинаричӀо
/[swinarit͡ʃʼo]/
🔒
0
|
| Future Simple |
свинавила
/[swinawila]/
0
|
свинайила
/[swinajila]/
0
|
свинабила
/[swinabila]/
0
|
свинарила
/[swinarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
свинавиларо
/[swinawilaro]/
0
|
свинайиларо
/[swinajilaro]/
0
|
свинабиларо
/[swinabilaro]/
0
|
свинариларо
/[swinarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
свинавула
/[swinawula]/
🔒
0
|
свинайула
/[swinajula]/
🔒
0
|
свинабула
/[swinabula]/
🔒
11
|
свинарула
/[swinarula]/
🔒
0
|
| Constative Negative |
свинавуларо
/[swinawularo]/
0
|
свинайуларо
/[swinajularo]/
0
|
свинабуларо
/[swinabularo]/
0
|
свинаруларо
/[swinarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
свинавулаан
/[swinawulajan]/
0
|
свинайулаан
/[swinajulajan]/
0
|
свинабулаан
/[swinabulajan]/
🔒
2
|
свинарулаан
/[swinarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
свинабулароан
/[swinabularojan]/
0
|
свинабулароан
/[swinabularojan]/
0
|
свинабулароан
/[swinabularojan]/
0
|
свинарулароан
/[swinarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
свинаве
/[swinawe]/
🔒
0
|
свинайе
/[swinaje]/
🔒
0
|
свинабе
/[swinabe]/
🔒
2
|
свинаре
/[swinare]/
🔒
1
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
свинавуге
/[swinawuge]/
🔒
0
|
свинайуге
/[swinajuge]/
🔒
0
|
свинабуге
/[swinabuge]/
🔒
1
|
свинаруге
/[swinaruge]/
🔒
0
|
| Optative |
свинабеги
/[swinawegi]/
0
|
свинабеги
/[swinajegi]/
0
|
свинабеги
/[swinabegi]/
0
|
свинареги
/[swinaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
свинабугеги
/[swinabugegi]/
0
|
свинабугеги
/[swinabugegi]/
0
|
свинабугеги
/[swinabugegi]/
0
|
свинаругеги
/[swinarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
свинавизин
/[swinawizin]/
0
|
свинайизин
/[swinajizin]/
0
|
свинабизин
/[swinabizin]/
0
|
свинаризин
/[swinarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
свинавуни
/[swinawuni]/
🔒
0
|
свинайуни
/[swinajuni]/
🔒
0
|
свинабуни
/[swinabuni]/
🔒
1
|
свинаруни
/[swinaruni]/
🔒
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
свинабичӀони
/[swinabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
свинабичӀони
/[swinabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
свинабичӀони
/[swinabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
свинаричӀони
/[swinarit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
свинавунищ
/[swinawuniʃː]/
0
|
свинайунищ
/[swinajuniʃː]/
0
|
свинабунищ
/[swinabuniʃː]/
0
|
свинарунищ
/[swinaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
свинавичӀищ
/[swinawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
свинайичӀищ
/[swinajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
свинабичӀищ
/[swinabit͡ʃˀiʃː]/
0
|
свинаричӀищ
/[swinarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
свинавулищ
/[swinawuliʃː]/
0
|
свинайулищ
/[swinajuliʃː]/
0
|
свинабулищ
/[swinabuliʃː]/
0
|
свинарулищ
/[swinaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
свинавуларищ
/[swinawulariʃː]/
0
|
свинайуларищ
/[swinajulariʃː]/
0
|
свинабуларищ
/[swinabulariʃː]/
0
|
свинаруларищ
/[swinarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
свинавилищ
/[swinawiliʃː]/
0
|
свинайилищ
/[swinajiliʃː]/
0
|
свинабилищ
/[swinabiliʃː]/
0
|
свинарилищ
/[swinariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
свинавиларищ
/[swinawilariʃː]/
0
|
свинайиларищ
/[swinajilariʃː]/
0
|
свинабиларищ
/[swinabilariʃː]/
0
|
свинариларищ
/[swinarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
свинавурав
/[swinawuraw]/
🔒
0
|
свинайурай
/[swinajuraj]/
🔒
0
|
свинабураб
/[swinaburab]/
🔒
1
|
свинарурал
/[swinarural]/
🔒
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
свинавичӀев
/[swinawit͡ʃʼew]/
🔒
0
|
свинайичӀей
/[swinajit͡ʃʼej]/
🔒
0
|
свинабичӀеб
/[swinabit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
1
|
свинаричӀел
/[swinarit͡ʃʼel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle |
свинавулев
/[swinawulew]/
🔒
0
|
свинайулей
/[swinajulej]/
🔒
0
|
свинабулеб
/[swinabuleb]/
🔒
37
|
свинарулел
/[swinarulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
свинавуларев
/[swinawularew]/
0
|
свинайуларей
/[swinajularej]/
0
|
свинабулареб
/[swinabulareb]/
0
|
свинаруларел
/[swinarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
свинавилев
/[swinawilew]/
0
|
свинайилей
/[swinajilej]/
0
|
свинабилеб
/[swinabileb]/
0
|
свинарилел
/[swinarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
свинавиларев
/[swinawilarew]/
0
|
свинайиларей
/[swinajilarej]/
0
|
свинабилареб
/[swinabilareb]/
0
|
свинариларел
/[swinarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
свинавизехъин
/[swinawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
свинайизехъин
/[swinajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
свинабизехъин
/[swinabizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
свинаризехъин
/[swinarizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
свинавизехъинро
/[swinawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
свинайизехъинро
/[swinajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
свинабизехъинро
/[swinabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
свинаризехъинро
/[swinarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
свинавеяв
/[swinawejaw]/
0
|
свинайеяй
/[swinajejaj]/
0
|
свинабеяб
/[swinabejab]/
0
|
свинареял
/[swinarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
свинавурав
0
|
свинайурай
0
|
свинабураб
1
|
свинарурал
0
|
| Ergative |
свинавурас
0
|
свинайуралъ
0
|
свинабуралъ
0
|
свинарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
свинавурасул
0
|
свинайуралъул
0
|
свинабуралъул
0
|
свинаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
свинавурасе
0
|
свинайуралъе
0
|
свинабуралъе
0
|
свинаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
свинавурасда
0
|
свинайуралъда
0
|
свинабуралъда
0
|
свинаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
свинавурасде
0
|
свинайуралъде
0
|
свинабуралъде
0
|
свинаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
свинавурасдаса
0
|
свинайуралъдаса
0
|
свинабуралъдаса
0
|
свинарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
свинавурасдасан
0
|
свинайуралъдасан
0
|
свинабуралъдасан
0
|
свинарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
свинавурасухъ
0
|
свинайуралъухъ
0
|
свинабуралъухъ
0
|
свинаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
свинавурасухъе
0
|
свинайуралъухъе
0
|
свинабуралъухъе
0
|
свинаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
свинавурасухъа
0
|
свинайуралъухъа
0
|
свинабуралъухъа
0
|
свинаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
свинавурасухъан
0
|
свинайуралъухъан
0
|
свинабуралъухъан
0
|
свинаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
свинавурасулъ
0
|
свинайуралъулъ
0
|
свинабуралъулъ
0
|
свинаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
свинавурасулъе
0
|
свинайуралъулъе
0
|
свинабуралъулъе
0
|
свинаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
свинавурасулъа
0
|
свинайуралъулъа
0
|
свинабуралъулъа
0
|
свинаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
свинавурасулъан
0
|
свинайуралъулъан
0
|
свинабуралъулъан
0
|
свинаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
свинавурасукь
0
|
свинайуралъукь
0
|
свинабуралъукь
0
|
свинаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
свинавурасукье
0
|
свинайуралъукье
0
|
свинабуралъукье
0
|
свинаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
свинавурасукьа
0
|
свинайуралъукьа
0
|
свинабуралъукьа
0
|
свинаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
свинавурасукьан
0
|
свинайуралъукьан
0
|
свинабуралъукьан
0
|
свинаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
свинавун
/[swinawun]/
0
|
свинайун
/[swinajun]/
0
|
свинабун
/[swinabun]/
🔒
15
|
свинарун
/[swinarun]/
🔒
3
|
| Adverbial Past |
свинавун
/[swinawun]/
🔒
0
|
свинайун
/[swinajun]/
🔒
0
|
свинабун
/[swinabun]/
🔒
15
|
свинарун
/[swinarun]/
🔒
3
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
свинабичӀого
/[swinabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
16
|
свинабичӀого
/[swinabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
16
|
свинабичӀого
/[swinabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
16
|
свинаричӀого
/[swinarit͡ʃʼogo]/
🔒
2
|
| Adverbial General |
свинавулаго
/[swinawulago]/
🔒
0
|
свинайулаго
/[swinajulago]/
🔒
0
|
свинабулаго
/[swinabulago]/
🔒
2
|
свинарулаго
/[swinarulago]/
🔒
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
свинабуларого
/[swinabularogo]/
0
|
свинабуларого
/[swinabularogo]/
0
|
свинабуларого
/[swinabularogo]/
0
|
свинаруларого
/[swinarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
свинави
/[swinawi]/
🔒
0
|
свинайи
/[swinaji]/
🔒
0
|
свинаби
/[swinabi]/
🔒
3
|
свинари
/[swinari]/
🔒
0
|
| Infinitive |
свинавизе
/[swinawize]/
🔒
0
|
свинайизе
/[swinajize]/
🔒
0
|
свинабизе
/[swinabize]/
🔒
87
|
свинаризе
/[swinarize]/
🔒
2
|
| Causative |
свинабизабизе
[swinabizabize]
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
свинабизабуларо
[swinabizabularo]
0
|
|||
| Durative |
свинавиаризе
/[swinawijarize]/
0
|
свинайиаризе
/[swinajijarize]/
0
|
свинабиаризе
/[swinabijarize]/
0
|
свинариаризе
/[swinarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
свинавиариларо
/[swinawijarilaro]/
0
|
свинайиариларо
/[swinajijarilaro]/
0
|
свинабиариларо
/[swinabijarilaro]/
0
|
свинариариларо
/[swinarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
свинаб-свинавизе
/[swinab-swinawize]/
0
|
свинаб-свинайизе
/[swinab-swinajize]/
0
|
свинаб-свинабизе
/[swinab-swinabize]/
0
|
свинаб-свинаризе
/[swinab-swinarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
свинаб-свинавиларо
/[swinab-swinawilaro]/
0
|
свинаб-свинайиларо
/[swinab-swinajilaro]/
0
|
свинаб-свинабиларо
/[swinab-swinabilaro]/
0
|
свинаб-свинариларо
/[swinab-swinarilaro]/
0
|