Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: qʼulch'ize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
177576
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
19
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulew wugo]/ |
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulej jigo]/ |
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀuleb bugo]/ |
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
къулчӀана
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀana]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
къулчӀичӀо
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
къулчӀила
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
къулчӀиларо
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
къулчӀула
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀula]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
къулчӀуларо
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀularo]
🔒
3
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
къулчӀулаан
[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
къулчӀулароан
[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
къулчӀе
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
къулчӀуге
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
къулчӀеги
[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
къулчӀугеги
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
къулчӀизин
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
къулчӀани
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
къулчӀичӀони
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
къулчӀанищ
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
къулчӀичӀищ
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
къулчӀулищ
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
къулчӀуларищ
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
къулчӀилищ
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
къулчӀиларищ
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
къулчӀарав
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀaraw]/
🔒
2
|
къулчӀарай
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀaraj]/
🔒
1
|
къулчӀараб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀarab]/
🔒
2
|
къулчӀарал
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀaral]/
🔒
5
|
| Past Participle Negative |
къулчӀичӀев
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
къулчӀичӀей
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
къулчӀичӀеб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
къулчӀичӀел
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
къулчӀулев
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulew]/
🔒
2
|
къулчӀулей
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulej]/
🔒
0
|
къулчӀулеб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀuleb]/
🔒
7
|
къулчӀулел
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulel]/
🔒
4
|
| Present Participle Negative |
къулчӀуларев
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀularew]/
0
|
къулчӀуларей
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀularej]/
0
|
къулчӀулареб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulareb]/
0
|
къулчӀуларел
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
къулчӀилев
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilew]/
0
|
къулчӀилей
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilej]/
0
|
къулчӀилеб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀileb]/
0
|
къулчӀилел
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
къулчӀиларев
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilarew]/
0
|
къулчӀиларей
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilarej]/
0
|
къулчӀилареб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilareb]/
0
|
къулчӀиларел
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
къулчӀизехъин
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀizeq͡χːin]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
къулчӀизехъинро
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
къулчӀеяв
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀejaw]/
0
|
къулчӀеяй
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀejaj]/
0
|
къулчӀеяб
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀejab]/
0
|
къулчӀеял
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
къулчӀарав
2
|
къулчӀарай
1
|
къулчӀараб
2
|
къулчӀарал
5
|
| Ergative |
къулчӀарас
0
|
къулчӀаралъ
0
|
къулчӀаралъ
0
|
къулчӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
къулчӀарасул
0
|
къулчӀаралъул
0
|
къулчӀаралъул
0
|
къулчӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
къулчӀарасе
0
|
къулчӀаралъе
0
|
къулчӀаралъе
0
|
къулчӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
къулчӀарасда
0
|
къулчӀаралъда
0
|
къулчӀаралъда
0
|
къулчӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
къулчӀарасде
0
|
къулчӀаралъде
0
|
къулчӀаралъде
0
|
къулчӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
къулчӀарасдаса
0
|
къулчӀаралъдаса
0
|
къулчӀаралъдаса
0
|
къулчӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
къулчӀарасдасан
0
|
къулчӀаралъдасан
0
|
къулчӀаралъдасан
0
|
къулчӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
къулчӀарасухъ
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъ
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъ
0
|
къулчӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
къулчӀарасухъе
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъе
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъе
0
|
къулчӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
къулчӀарасухъа
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъа
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъа
0
|
къулчӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
къулчӀарасухъан
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъан
0
|
къулчӀаралъухъан
0
|
къулчӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
къулчӀарасулъ
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъ
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъ
0
|
къулчӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
къулчӀарасулъе
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъе
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъе
0
|
къулчӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
къулчӀарасулъа
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъа
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъа
0
|
къулчӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
къулчӀарасулъан
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъан
0
|
къулчӀаралъулъан
0
|
къулчӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
къулчӀарасукь
0
|
къулчӀаралъукь
0
|
къулчӀаралъукь
0
|
къулчӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
къулчӀарасукье
0
|
къулчӀаралъукье
0
|
къулчӀаралъукье
0
|
къулчӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
къулчӀарасукьа
0
|
къулчӀаралъукьа
0
|
къулчӀаралъукьа
0
|
къулчӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
къулчӀарасукьан
0
|
къулчӀаралъукьан
0
|
къулчӀаралъукьан
0
|
къулчӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
къулчӀун
[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼun]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
къулчӀун
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀun]
🔒
14
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
къулчӀичӀого
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
къулчӀулаго
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀulago]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
къулчӀуларого
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
къулчӀи
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀi]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Infinitive |
къулчӀизе
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀize]
🔒
19
|
|||
| Causative |
къулчӀизавизе
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼizawize]/
0
|
къулчӀизайизе
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼizajize]/
0
|
къулчӀизабизе
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀizabize]/
0
|
къулчӀизаризе
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
къулчӀизавуларо
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼizawularo]/
0
|
къулчӀизайуларо
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼizajularo]/
0
|
къулчӀизабуларо
/[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀizabularo]/
0
|
къулчӀизаруларо
/[q͡χʼːult͡ʃʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
къулчӀиаризе
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
къулчӀиариларо
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
къулчӀ-къулчӀизе
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀ-q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
къулчӀ-къулчӀиларо
[q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀ-q͡χˀːult͡ʃˀilaro]
0
|
|||