Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
держать
задержать
захватить
ловить
перехватить
поддержать
удержать
уловить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: kveze
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
179146
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
10
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
квана
[kʰwana]
🔒
141
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
квечӀо
[kʰwet͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
квела
[kʰwela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
квеларо
[kʰwelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
квола
[kʰwola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
кволаро
[kʰwolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
кволаан
[kʰwolajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
кволароан
[kʰwolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
ква
[kʰwa]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
квоге
[kʰwoge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
кваги
[kʰwagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
квогеги
[kʰwogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
квезин
[kʰwezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
квани
[kʰwani]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
квечӀони
[kʰwet͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
кванищ
[kʰwaniʃː]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
квечӀищ
[kʰwet͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
кволищ
[kʰwoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
кволарищ
[kʰwolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
квелищ
[kʰweliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
квеларищ
[kʰwelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
кварав
/[kʰwaraw]/
0
|
кварай
/[kʰwaraj]/
0
|
квараб
/[kʰwarab]/
🔒
48
|
кварал
/[kʰwaral]/
🔒
126
|
| Past Participle Negative |
квечӀев
/[kʰwet͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
1
|
квечӀей
/[kʰwet͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
квечӀеб
/[kʰwet͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
квечӀел
/[kʰwet͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
кволев
/[kʰwolew]/
0
|
кволей
/[kʰwolej]/
0
|
кволеб
/[kʰwoleb]/
0
|
кволел
/[kʰwolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
кволарев
/[kʰwolarew]/
0
|
кволарей
/[kʰwolarej]/
0
|
кволареб
/[kʰwolareb]/
0
|
кволарел
/[kʰwolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
квелев
/[kʰwelew]/
0
|
квелей
/[kʰwelej]/
0
|
квелеб
/[kʰweleb]/
0
|
квелел
/[kʰwelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
квеларев
/[kʰwelarew]/
0
|
квеларей
/[kʰwelarej]/
0
|
квелареб
/[kʰwelareb]/
0
|
квеларел
/[kʰwelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
квезехъин
[kʰwezeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
квезехъинро
[kʰwezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
кваяв
/[kʰwajaw]/
0
|
кваяй
/[kʰwajaj]/
0
|
кваяб
/[kʰwajab]/
🔒
2
|
кваял
/[kʰwajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
кварав
0
|
кварай
0
|
квараб
48
|
кварал
126
|
| Ergative |
кварас
1
|
кваралъ
3
|
кваралъ
3
|
квараз
9
|
| Genitive |
кварасул
1
|
кваралъул
1
|
кваралъул
1
|
кваразул
11
|
| Dative |
кварасе
0
|
кваралъе
0
|
кваралъе
0
|
кваразе
2
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
кварасда
0
|
кваралъда
0
|
кваралъда
0
|
кваразда
4
|
| Allative (-де) |
кварасде
0
|
кваралъде
0
|
кваралъде
0
|
кваразде
2
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
кварасдаса
0
|
кваралъдаса
0
|
кваралъдаса
0
|
квараздаса
2
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
кварасдасан
0
|
кваралъдасан
0
|
кваралъдасан
0
|
квараздасан
1
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
кварасухъ
0
|
кваралъухъ
0
|
кваралъухъ
0
|
кваразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
кварасухъе
0
|
кваралъухъе
0
|
кваралъухъе
0
|
кваразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
кварасухъа
0
|
кваралъухъа
0
|
кваралъухъа
0
|
кваразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
кварасухъан
0
|
кваралъухъан
0
|
кваралъухъан
0
|
кваразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
кварасулъ
0
|
кваралъулъ
0
|
кваралъулъ
0
|
кваразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
кварасулъе
0
|
кваралъулъе
0
|
кваралъулъе
0
|
кваразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
кварасулъа
0
|
кваралъулъа
0
|
кваралъулъа
0
|
кваразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
кварасулъан
0
|
кваралъулъан
0
|
кваралъулъан
0
|
кваразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
кварасукь
0
|
кваралъукь
0
|
кваралъукь
0
|
кваразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
кварасукье
0
|
кваралъукье
0
|
кваралъукье
0
|
кваразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
кварасукьа
0
|
кваралъукьа
0
|
кваралъукьа
0
|
кваразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
кварасукьан
0
|
кваралъукьан
0
|
кваралъукьан
0
|
кваразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
квон
[kʰwon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
квон
[kʰwon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
квечӀого
[kʰwet͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
кволаго
[kʰwolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
кволарого
[kʰwolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
квей
[kʰwej]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Infinitive |
квезе
[kʰweze]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Causative |
квезавизе
/[kʰwezawize]/
0
|
квезайизе
/[kʰwezajize]/
0
|
квезабизе
/[kʰwezabize]/
0
|
квезаризе
/[kʰwezarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
квезавуларо
/[kʰwezawularo]/
0
|
квезайуларо
/[kʰwezajularo]/
0
|
квезабуларо
/[kʰwezabularo]/
0
|
квезаруларо
/[kʰwezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
кведаризе
[kʰwedarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
кведариларо
[kʰwedarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
кве-квезе
[kʰwe-kʰweze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
кве-квеларо
[kʰwe-kʰwelaro]
0
|
|||