Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
доделать
докончить
докрасить
долечиться
домолотить
допечатать
доработать
завершить
заключить
закончить
исчерпать
исчертить
кончить
ликвидировать
нивелировать
обделать
окончить
округлить
отбить
очистить
подавить
почить
предотвратить
умертвить
управиться
устранить
усыпить
утратить
утратиться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: lhughizabize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
179618
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
184
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ɬuʕizawulew wugo]/ |
/[ɬuʕizajulej jigo]/ |
/[ɬuʕizabuleb bugo]/ |
/[ɬuʕizarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ɬuʕizawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ɬuʕizajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ɬuʕizabuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ɬuʕizarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
лъугӀизавуна
/[ɬuʕizawuna]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайуна
/[ɬuʕizajuna]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабуна
/[ɬuʕizabuna]/
🔒
466
|
лъугӀизаруна
/[ɬuʕizaruna]/
🔒
37
|
| Past Simple Negative |
лъугӀизавичӀо
/[ɬuʕizawit͡ʃʼo]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайичӀо
/[ɬuʕizajit͡ʃʼo]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабичӀо
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀo]/
🔒
4
|
лъугӀизаричӀо
/[ɬuʕizarit͡ʃʼo]/
🔒
0
|
| Future Simple |
лъугӀизавила
/[ɬuʕizawila]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайила
/[ɬuʕizajila]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабила
/[ɬuʕizabila]/
🔒
6
|
лъугӀизарила
/[ɬuʕizarila]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Simple Negative |
лъугӀизавиларо
/[ɬuʕizawilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизайиларо
/[ɬuʕizajilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизабиларо
/[ɬuʕizabilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизариларо
/[ɬuʕizarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
лъугӀизавула
/[ɬuʕizawula]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайула
/[ɬuʕizajula]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабула
/[ɬuʕizabula]/
🔒
33
|
лъугӀизарула
/[ɬuʕizarula]/
🔒
5
|
| Constative Negative |
лъугӀизавуларо
/[ɬuʕizawularo]/
0
|
лъугӀизайуларо
/[ɬuʕizajularo]/
0
|
лъугӀизабуларо
/[ɬuʕizabularo]/
0
|
лъугӀизаруларо
/[ɬuʕizarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
лъугӀизавулаан
/[ɬuʕizawulajan]/
0
|
лъугӀизайулаан
/[ɬuʕizajulajan]/
0
|
лъугӀизабулаан
/[ɬuʕizabulajan]/
🔒
5
|
лъугӀизарулаан
/[ɬuʕizarulajan]/
🔒
2
|
| Remote Past Negative |
лъугӀизабулароан
/[ɬuʕizabularojan]/
0
|
лъугӀизабулароан
/[ɬuʕizabularojan]/
0
|
лъугӀизабулароан
/[ɬuʕizabularojan]/
0
|
лъугӀизарулароан
/[ɬuʕizarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
лъугӀизаве
/[ɬuʕizawe]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайе
/[ɬuʕizaje]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабе
/[ɬuʕizabe]/
🔒
2
|
лъугӀизаре
/[ɬuʕizare]/
🔒
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
лъугӀизавуге
/[ɬuʕizawuge]/
0
|
лъугӀизайуге
/[ɬuʕizajuge]/
0
|
лъугӀизабуге
/[ɬuʕizabuge]/
0
|
лъугӀизаруге
/[ɬuʕizaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
лъугӀизабеги
/[ɬuʕizawegi]/
0
|
лъугӀизабеги
/[ɬuʕizajegi]/
0
|
лъугӀизабеги
/[ɬuʕizabegi]/
0
|
лъугӀизареги
/[ɬuʕizaregi]/
🔒
3
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
лъугӀизабугеги
/[ɬuʕizabugegi]/
0
|
лъугӀизабугеги
/[ɬuʕizabugegi]/
0
|
лъугӀизабугеги
/[ɬuʕizabugegi]/
0
|
лъугӀизаругеги
/[ɬuʕizarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
лъугӀизавизин
/[ɬuʕizawizin]/
0
|
лъугӀизайизин
/[ɬuʕizajizin]/
0
|
лъугӀизабизин
/[ɬuʕizabizin]/
0
|
лъугӀизаризин
/[ɬuʕizarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
лъугӀизавуни
/[ɬuʕizawuni]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайуни
/[ɬuʕizajuni]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабуни
/[ɬuʕizabuni]/
🔒
3
|
лъугӀизаруни
/[ɬuʕizaruni]/
🔒
1
|
| Conditional Negative |
лъугӀизабичӀони
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀoni]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀизабичӀони
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀoni]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀизабичӀони
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀoni]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀизаричӀони
/[ɬuʕizarit͡ʃʼoni]/
🔒
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀизавунищ
/[ɬuʕizawuniʃː]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайунищ
/[ɬuʕizajuniʃː]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабунищ
/[ɬuʕizabuniʃː]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀизарунищ
/[ɬuʕizaruniʃː]/
🔒
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀизавичӀищ
/[ɬuʕizawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизайичӀищ
/[ɬuʕizajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизабичӀищ
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀiʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизаричӀищ
/[ɬuʕizarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀизавулищ
/[ɬuʕizawuliʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизайулищ
/[ɬuʕizajuliʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизабулищ
/[ɬuʕizabuliʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизарулищ
/[ɬuʕizaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀизавуларищ
/[ɬuʕizawulariʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизайуларищ
/[ɬuʕizajulariʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизабуларищ
/[ɬuʕizabulariʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизаруларищ
/[ɬuʕizarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀизавилищ
/[ɬuʕizawiliʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизайилищ
/[ɬuʕizajiliʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизабилищ
/[ɬuʕizabiliʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизарилищ
/[ɬuʕizariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъугӀизавиларищ
/[ɬuʕizawilariʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизайиларищ
/[ɬuʕizajilariʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизабиларищ
/[ɬuʕizabilariʃː]/
0
|
лъугӀизариларищ
/[ɬuʕizarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
лъугӀизавурав
/[ɬuʕizawuraw]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайурай
/[ɬuʕizajuraj]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабураб
/[ɬuʕizaburab]/
🔒
7
|
лъугӀизарурал
/[ɬuʕizarural]/
🔒
2
|
| Past Participle Negative |
лъугӀизавичӀев
/[ɬuʕizawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
лъугӀизайичӀей
/[ɬuʕizajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
лъугӀизабичӀеб
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
лъугӀизаричӀел
/[ɬuʕizarit͡ʃʼel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle |
лъугӀизавулев
/[ɬuʕizawulew]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайулей
/[ɬuʕizajulej]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабулеб
/[ɬuʕizabuleb]/
🔒
35
|
лъугӀизарулел
/[ɬuʕizarulel]/
🔒
8
|
| Present Participle Negative |
лъугӀизавуларев
/[ɬuʕizawularew]/
0
|
лъугӀизайуларей
/[ɬuʕizajularej]/
0
|
лъугӀизабулареб
/[ɬuʕizabulareb]/
0
|
лъугӀизаруларел
/[ɬuʕizarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
лъугӀизавилев
/[ɬuʕizawilew]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайилей
/[ɬuʕizajilej]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабилеб
/[ɬuʕizabileb]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀизарилел
/[ɬuʕizarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
лъугӀизавиларев
/[ɬuʕizawilarew]/
0
|
лъугӀизайиларей
/[ɬuʕizajilarej]/
0
|
лъугӀизабилареб
/[ɬuʕizabilareb]/
0
|
лъугӀизариларел
/[ɬuʕizarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
лъугӀизавизехъин
/[ɬuʕizawizeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайизехъин
/[ɬuʕizajizeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабизехъин
/[ɬuʕizabizeq͡χːin]/
🔒
1
|
лъугӀизаризехъин
/[ɬuʕizarizeq͡χːin]/
🔒
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
лъугӀизавизехъинро
/[ɬuʕizawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
лъугӀизайизехъинро
/[ɬuʕizajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
лъугӀизабизехъинро
/[ɬuʕizabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
лъугӀизаризехъинро
/[ɬuʕizarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
лъугӀизавеяв
/[ɬuʕizawejaw]/
0
|
лъугӀизайеяй
/[ɬuʕizajejaj]/
0
|
лъугӀизабеяб
/[ɬuʕizabejab]/
0
|
лъугӀизареял
/[ɬuʕizarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
лъугӀизавурав
0
|
лъугӀизайурай
0
|
лъугӀизабураб
7
|
лъугӀизарурал
2
|
| Ergative |
лъугӀизавурас
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъ
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъ
0
|
лъугӀизарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
лъугӀизавурасул
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъул
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъул
0
|
лъугӀизаруразул
1
|
| Dative |
лъугӀизавурасе
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъе
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъе
0
|
лъугӀизаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
лъугӀизавурасда
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъда
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъда
0
|
лъугӀизаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
лъугӀизавурасде
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъде
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъде
0
|
лъугӀизаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
лъугӀизавурасдаса
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъдаса
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъдаса
0
|
лъугӀизарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
лъугӀизавурасдасан
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъдасан
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъдасан
0
|
лъугӀизарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
лъугӀизавурасухъ
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъухъ
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъухъ
0
|
лъугӀизаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
лъугӀизавурасухъе
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъухъе
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъухъе
0
|
лъугӀизаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
лъугӀизавурасухъа
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъухъа
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъухъа
0
|
лъугӀизаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
лъугӀизавурасухъан
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъухъан
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъухъан
0
|
лъугӀизаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
лъугӀизавурасулъ
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъулъ
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъулъ
0
|
лъугӀизаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
лъугӀизавурасулъе
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъулъе
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъулъе
0
|
лъугӀизаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
лъугӀизавурасулъа
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъулъа
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъулъа
0
|
лъугӀизаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
лъугӀизавурасулъан
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъулъан
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъулъан
0
|
лъугӀизаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
лъугӀизавурасукь
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъукь
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъукь
0
|
лъугӀизаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
лъугӀизавурасукье
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъукье
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъукье
0
|
лъугӀизаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
лъугӀизавурасукьа
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъукьа
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъукьа
0
|
лъугӀизаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
лъугӀизавурасукьан
0
|
лъугӀизайуралъукьан
0
|
лъугӀизабуралъукьан
0
|
лъугӀизаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
лъугӀизавун
/[ɬuʕizawun]/
0
|
лъугӀизайун
/[ɬuʕizajun]/
0
|
лъугӀизабун
/[ɬuʕizabun]/
🔒
479
|
лъугӀизарун
/[ɬuʕizarun]/
🔒
35
|
| Adverbial Past |
лъугӀизавун
/[ɬuʕizawun]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайун
/[ɬuʕizajun]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабун
/[ɬuʕizabun]/
🔒
479
|
лъугӀизарун
/[ɬuʕizarun]/
🔒
35
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
лъугӀизабичӀого
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
3
|
лъугӀизабичӀого
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
3
|
лъугӀизабичӀого
/[ɬuʕizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
3
|
лъугӀизаричӀого
/[ɬuʕizarit͡ʃʼogo]/
🔒
1
|
| Adverbial General |
лъугӀизавулаго
/[ɬuʕizawulago]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайулаго
/[ɬuʕizajulago]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабулаго
/[ɬuʕizabulago]/
🔒
2
|
лъугӀизарулаго
/[ɬuʕizarulago]/
🔒
1
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
лъугӀизабуларого
/[ɬuʕizabularogo]/
0
|
лъугӀизабуларого
/[ɬuʕizabularogo]/
0
|
лъугӀизабуларого
/[ɬuʕizabularogo]/
0
|
лъугӀизаруларого
/[ɬuʕizarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
лъугӀизави
/[ɬuʕizawi]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайи
/[ɬuʕizaji]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизаби
/[ɬuʕizabi]/
🔒
24
|
лъугӀизари
/[ɬuʕizari]/
🔒
11
|
| Infinitive |
лъугӀизавизе
/[ɬuʕizawize]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизайизе
/[ɬuʕizajize]/
🔒
0
|
лъугӀизабизе
/[ɬuʕizabize]/
🔒
184
|
лъугӀизаризе
/[ɬuʕizarize]/
🔒
85
|
| Causative |
лъугӀизабизабизе
[ɬuʕizabizabize]
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
лъугӀизабизабуларо
[ɬuʕizabizabularo]
0
|
|||
| Durative |
лъугӀизавиаризе
/[ɬuʕizawijarize]/
0
|
лъугӀизайиаризе
/[ɬuʕizajijarize]/
0
|
лъугӀизабиаризе
/[ɬuʕizabijarize]/
0
|
лъугӀизариаризе
/[ɬuʕizarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
лъугӀизавиариларо
/[ɬuʕizawijarilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизайиариларо
/[ɬuʕizajijarilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизабиариларо
/[ɬuʕizabijarilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизариариларо
/[ɬuʕizarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизавизе
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizawize]/
0
|
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизайизе
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizajize]/
0
|
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизабизе
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizabize]/
0
|
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизаризе
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизавиларо
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizawilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизайиларо
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizajilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизабиларо
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizabilaro]/
0
|
лъугӀизаб-лъугӀизариларо
/[ɬuʕizab-ɬuʕizarilaro]/
0
|