Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
жалеть
смилостивиться
пожалеть
пощадить
разжалобиться
сочувствовать
щадить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: gurhhize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
180895
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
28
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
гурхӀана
[gurħana]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гурхӀичӀо
[gurħit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гурхӀила
[gurħila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гурхӀиларо
[gurħilaro]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Constative |
гурхӀула
[gurħula]
🔒
16
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гурхӀуларо
[gurħularo]
🔒
4
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гурхӀулаан
[gurħulajan]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гурхӀулароан
[gurħularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гурхӀе
[gurħe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гурхӀуге
[gurħuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гурхӀеги
[gurħegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гурхӀугеги
[gurħugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гурхӀизин
[gurħizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гурхӀани
[gurħani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гурхӀичӀони
[gurħit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гурхӀанищ
[gurħaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гурхӀичӀищ
[gurħit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гурхӀулищ
[gurħuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гурхӀуларищ
[gurħulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гурхӀилищ
[gurħiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гурхӀиларищ
[gurħilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гурхӀарав
/[gurħaraw]/
🔒
7
|
гурхӀарай
/[gurħaraj]/
🔒
7
|
гурхӀараб
/[gurħarab]/
🔒
11
|
гурхӀарал
/[gurħaral]/
🔒
6
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гурхӀичӀев
/[gurħit͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
1
|
гурхӀичӀей
/[gurħit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гурхӀичӀеб
/[gurħit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гурхӀичӀел
/[gurħit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гурхӀулев
/[gurħulew]/
🔒
25
|
гурхӀулей
/[gurħulej]/
🔒
4
|
гурхӀулеб
/[gurħuleb]/
🔒
4
|
гурхӀулел
/[gurħulel]/
🔒
6
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гурхӀуларев
/[gurħularew]/
🔒
2
|
гурхӀуларей
/[gurħularej]/
0
|
гурхӀулареб
/[gurħulareb]/
0
|
гурхӀуларел
/[gurħularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гурхӀилев
/[gurħilew]/
🔒
1
|
гурхӀилей
/[gurħilej]/
🔒
0
|
гурхӀилеб
/[gurħileb]/
🔒
8
|
гурхӀилел
/[gurħilel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гурхӀиларев
/[gurħilarew]/
0
|
гурхӀиларей
/[gurħilarej]/
0
|
гурхӀилареб
/[gurħilareb]/
0
|
гурхӀиларел
/[gurħilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гурхӀизехъин
[gurħizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гурхӀизехъинро
[gurħizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гурхӀеяв
/[gurħejaw]/
0
|
гурхӀеяй
/[gurħejaj]/
0
|
гурхӀеяб
/[gurħejab]/
0
|
гурхӀеял
/[gurħejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гурхӀарав
7
|
гурхӀарай
7
|
гурхӀараб
11
|
гурхӀарал
6
|
| Ergative |
гурхӀарас
1
|
гурхӀаралъ
0
|
гурхӀаралъ
0
|
гурхӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гурхӀарасул
0
|
гурхӀаралъул
0
|
гурхӀаралъул
0
|
гурхӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гурхӀарасе
0
|
гурхӀаралъе
0
|
гурхӀаралъе
0
|
гурхӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гурхӀарасда
0
|
гурхӀаралъда
0
|
гурхӀаралъда
0
|
гурхӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гурхӀарасде
0
|
гурхӀаралъде
0
|
гурхӀаралъде
0
|
гурхӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гурхӀарасдаса
0
|
гурхӀаралъдаса
0
|
гурхӀаралъдаса
0
|
гурхӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гурхӀарасдасан
0
|
гурхӀаралъдасан
0
|
гурхӀаралъдасан
0
|
гурхӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гурхӀарасухъ
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъ
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъ
0
|
гурхӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гурхӀарасухъе
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъе
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъе
0
|
гурхӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гурхӀарасухъа
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъа
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъа
0
|
гурхӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гурхӀарасухъан
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъан
0
|
гурхӀаралъухъан
0
|
гурхӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гурхӀарасулъ
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъ
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъ
0
|
гурхӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гурхӀарасулъе
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъе
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъе
0
|
гурхӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гурхӀарасулъа
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъа
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъа
0
|
гурхӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гурхӀарасулъан
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъан
0
|
гурхӀаралъулъан
0
|
гурхӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гурхӀарасукь
0
|
гурхӀаралъукь
0
|
гурхӀаралъукь
0
|
гурхӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гурхӀарасукье
0
|
гурхӀаралъукье
0
|
гурхӀаралъукье
0
|
гурхӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гурхӀарасукьа
0
|
гурхӀаралъукьа
0
|
гурхӀаралъукьа
0
|
гурхӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гурхӀарасукьан
0
|
гурхӀаралъукьан
0
|
гурхӀаралъукьан
0
|
гурхӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гурхӀун
[gurħun]
🔒
52
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гурхӀун
[gurħun]
🔒
52
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гурхӀичӀого
[gurħit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гурхӀулаго
[gurħulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гурхӀуларого
[gurħularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гурхӀи
[gurħi]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гурхӀизе
[gurħize]
🔒
28
|
|||
| Causative |
гурхӀизавизе
/[gurħizawize]/
🔒
0
|
гурхӀизайизе
/[gurħizajize]/
🔒
0
|
гурхӀизабизе
/[gurħizabize]/
🔒
1
|
гурхӀизаризе
/[gurħizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гурхӀизавуларо
/[gurħizawularo]/
0
|
гурхӀизайуларо
/[gurħizajularo]/
0
|
гурхӀизабуларо
/[gurħizabularo]/
0
|
гурхӀизаруларо
/[gurħizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гурхӀиаризе
[gurħijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гурхӀиариларо
[gurħijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гурхӀ-гурхӀизе
[gurħ-gurħize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гурхӀ-гурхӀиларо
[gurħ-gurħilaro]
0
|
|||