Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
жалеть
отработать
подвизаться
потрудиться
работать
трудиться
функционировать
ходить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: hhaltʼize
Derivation Method
Derived From
Derivation Suffix
-тӀи
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
180898
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2738
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ħaltˀulew wugo]/ |
/[ħaltˀulej jigo]/ |
/[ħaltˀuleb bugo]/ |
/[ħaltˀulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ħaltˀulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħaltˀulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħaltˀuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħaltˀulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хӀалтӀана
[ħaltˀana]
🔒
1337
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хӀалтӀичӀо
[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хӀалтӀила
[ħaltˀila]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хӀалтӀиларо
[ħaltˀilaro]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative |
хӀалтӀула
[ħaltˀula]
🔒
225
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хӀалтӀуларо
[ħaltˀularo]
🔒
19
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хӀалтӀулаан
[ħaltʼulajan]
🔒
106
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хӀалтӀулароан
[ħaltʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хӀалтӀе
[ħaltˀe]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хӀалтӀуге
[ħaltˀuge]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Optative |
хӀалтӀеги
[ħaltʼegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хӀалтӀугеги
[ħaltˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хӀалтӀизин
[ħaltˀizin]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хӀалтӀани
[ħaltˀani]
🔒
70
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хӀалтӀичӀони
[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
17
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалтӀанищ
[ħaltˀaniʃː]
🔒
2
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалтӀичӀищ
[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалтӀулищ
[ħaltˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалтӀуларищ
[ħaltˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалтӀилищ
[ħaltˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀалтӀиларищ
[ħaltˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хӀалтӀарав
/[ħaltˀaraw]/
🔒
255
|
хӀалтӀарай
/[ħaltˀaraj]/
🔒
50
|
хӀалтӀараб
/[ħaltˀarab]/
🔒
54
|
хӀалтӀарал
/[ħaltˀaral]/
🔒
223
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хӀалтӀичӀев
/[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
4
|
хӀалтӀичӀей
/[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀej]/
🔒
1
|
хӀалтӀичӀеб
/[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
4
|
хӀалтӀичӀел
/[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle |
хӀалтӀулев
/[ħaltˀulew]/
🔒
1043
|
хӀалтӀулей
/[ħaltˀulej]/
🔒
319
|
хӀалтӀулеб
/[ħaltˀuleb]/
🔒
769
|
хӀалтӀулел
/[ħaltˀulel]/
🔒
1353
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хӀалтӀуларев
/[ħaltˀularew]/
🔒
15
|
хӀалтӀуларей
/[ħaltˀularej]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалтӀулареб
/[ħaltˀulareb]/
🔒
36
|
хӀалтӀуларел
/[ħaltˀularel]/
🔒
25
|
| Future Participle |
хӀалтӀилев
/[ħaltˀilew]/
🔒
48
|
хӀалтӀилей
/[ħaltˀilej]/
🔒
20
|
хӀалтӀилеб
/[ħaltˀileb]/
🔒
13
|
хӀалтӀилел
/[ħaltˀilel]/
🔒
43
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хӀалтӀиларев
/[ħaltˀilarew]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалтӀиларей
/[ħaltˀilarej]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалтӀилареб
/[ħaltˀilareb]/
🔒
1
|
хӀалтӀиларел
/[ħaltˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хӀалтӀизехъин
[ħaltˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хӀалтӀизехъинро
[ħaltˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хӀалтӀеяв
/[ħaltˀejaw]/
0
|
хӀалтӀеяй
/[ħaltˀejaj]/
0
|
хӀалтӀеяб
/[ħaltˀejab]/
0
|
хӀалтӀеял
/[ħaltʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хӀалтӀарав
255
|
хӀалтӀарай
50
|
хӀалтӀараб
54
|
хӀалтӀарал
223
|
| Ergative |
хӀалтӀарас
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъ
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъ
0
|
хӀалтӀараз
13
|
| Genitive |
хӀалтӀарасул
2
|
хӀалтӀаралъул
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъул
0
|
хӀалтӀаразул
27
|
| Dative |
хӀалтӀарасе
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаразе
25
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хӀалтӀарасда
2
|
хӀалтӀаралъда
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъда
0
|
хӀалтӀаразда
3
|
| Allative (-де) |
хӀалтӀарасде
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъде
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъде
0
|
хӀалтӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хӀалтӀарасдаса
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъдаса
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъдаса
0
|
хӀалтӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хӀалтӀарасдасан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъдасан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъдасан
0
|
хӀалтӀараздасан
1
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хӀалтӀарасухъ
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъ
10
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъ
10
|
хӀалтӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хӀалтӀарасухъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хӀалтӀарасухъа
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъа
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъа
0
|
хӀалтӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хӀалтӀарасухъан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъухъан
0
|
хӀалтӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хӀалтӀарасулъ
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъ
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъ
0
|
хӀалтӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хӀалтӀарасулъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъе
0
|
хӀалтӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хӀалтӀарасулъа
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъа
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъа
0
|
хӀалтӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хӀалтӀарасулъан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъулъан
0
|
хӀалтӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хӀалтӀарасукь
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукь
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукь
0
|
хӀалтӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хӀалтӀарасукье
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукье
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукье
0
|
хӀалтӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хӀалтӀарасукьа
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукьа
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукьа
0
|
хӀалтӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хӀалтӀарасукьан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукьан
0
|
хӀалтӀаралъукьан
0
|
хӀалтӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хӀалтӀун
[ħaltʼun]
🔒
454
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хӀалтӀун
[ħaltˀun]
🔒
454
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хӀалтӀичӀого
[ħaltˀit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
37
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хӀалтӀулаго
[ħaltˀulago]
🔒
227
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хӀалтӀуларого
[ħaltˀularogo]
🔒
4
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хӀалтӀи
[ħaltˀi]
🔒
7425
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хӀалтӀизе
[ħaltˀize]
🔒
2738
|
|||
| Causative |
хӀалтӀизавизе
/[ħaltʼizawize]/
🔒
3
|
хӀалтӀизайизе
/[ħaltʼizajize]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалтӀизабизе
/[ħaltˀizabize]/
🔒
438
|
хӀалтӀизаризе
/[ħaltʼizarize]/
🔒
202
|
| Causative Negative |
хӀалтӀизавуларо
/[ħaltʼizawularo]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалтӀизайуларо
/[ħaltʼizajularo]/
🔒
0
|
хӀалтӀизабуларо
/[ħaltˀizabularo]/
🔒
7
|
хӀалтӀизаруларо
/[ħaltʼizarularo]/
🔒
6
|
| Durative |
хӀалтӀиаризе
[ħaltˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хӀалтӀиариларо
[ħaltˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хӀалтӀ-хӀалтӀизе
[ħaltˀ-ħaltˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хӀалтӀ-хӀалтӀиларо
[ħaltˀ-ħaltˀilaro]
0
|
|||