Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
жаловаться
пожаловаться
кляузничать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: gharzaghine
Derivation Method
Suffix
Derived From
Derivation Suffix
-агъине
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
180929
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ʕarzaʁunew wugo]/ |
/[ʕarzaʁunej jigo]/ |
/[ʕarzaʁuneb bugo]/ |
/[ʕarzaʁunel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ʕarzaʁunew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ʕarzaʁunej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ʕarzaʁuneb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ʕarzaʁunel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
гӀарзагъана
[ʕarzaʁana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гӀарзагъинчӀо
[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гӀарзагъина
[ʕarzaʁina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гӀарзагъинаро
[ʕarzaʁinaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гӀарзагъуна
[ʕarzaʁuna]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гӀарзагъунаро
[ʕarzaʁunaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гӀарзагъунаан
[ʕarzaʁunajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гӀарзагъунароан
[ʕarzaʁunarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гӀарзагъа
[ʕarzaʁa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гӀарзагъунге
[ʕarzaʁunge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гӀарзагъаги
[ʕarzaʁagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гӀарзагъунгеги
[ʕarzaʁungegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гӀарзагъинин
[ʕarzaʁinin]
🔒
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гӀарзагъани
[ʕarzaʁani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гӀарзагъинчӀони
[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гӀарзагъанищ
[ʕarzaʁaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀарзагъинчӀищ
[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀарзагъунищ
[ʕarzaʁuniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀарзагъунарищ
[ʕarzaʁunariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гӀарзагъинищ
[ʕarzaʁiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀарзагъинарищ
[ʕarzaʁinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гӀарзагъарав
/[ʕarzaʁaraw]/
0
|
гӀарзагъарай
/[ʕarzaʁaraj]/
0
|
гӀарзагъараб
/[ʕarzaʁarab]/
0
|
гӀарзагъарал
/[ʕarzaʁaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гӀарзагъинчӀев
/[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинчӀей
/[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинчӀеб
/[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинчӀел
/[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гӀарзагъунев
/[ʕarzaʁunew]/
0
|
гӀарзагъуней
/[ʕarzaʁunej]/
0
|
гӀарзагъунеб
/[ʕarzaʁuneb]/
0
|
гӀарзагъунел
/[ʕarzaʁunel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гӀарзагъунарев
/[ʕarzaʁunarew]/
0
|
гӀарзагъунарей
/[ʕarzaʁunarej]/
0
|
гӀарзагъунареб
/[ʕarzaʁunareb]/
0
|
гӀарзагъунарел
/[ʕarzaʁunarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гӀарзагъинев
/[ʕarzaʁinew]/
0
|
гӀарзагъиней
/[ʕarzaʁinej]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинеб
/[ʕarzaʁineb]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинел
/[ʕarzaʁinel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гӀарзагъинарев
/[ʕarzaʁinarew]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинарей
/[ʕarzaʁinarej]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинареб
/[ʕarzaʁinareb]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинарел
/[ʕarzaʁinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гӀарзагъинехъин
[ʕarzaʁineq͡χːin]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гӀарзагъинехъинро
[ʕarzaʁineq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гӀарзагъаяв
/[ʕarzaʁajaw]/
0
|
гӀарзагъаяй
/[ʕarzaʁajaj]/
0
|
гӀарзагъаяб
/[ʕarzaʁajab]/
0
|
гӀарзагъаял
/[ʕarzaʁajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гӀарзагъарав
0
|
гӀарзагъарай
0
|
гӀарзагъараб
0
|
гӀарзагъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
гӀарзагъарас
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъ
0
|
гӀарзагъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гӀарзагъарасул
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъул
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъул
0
|
гӀарзагъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гӀарзагъарасе
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гӀарзагъарасда
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъда
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъда
0
|
гӀарзагъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гӀарзагъарасде
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъде
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъде
0
|
гӀарзагъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гӀарзагъарасдаса
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъдаса
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъдаса
0
|
гӀарзагъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гӀарзагъарасдасан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъдасан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъдасан
0
|
гӀарзагъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гӀарзагъарасухъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гӀарзагъарасухъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гӀарзагъарасухъа
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъа
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъа
0
|
гӀарзагъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гӀарзагъарасухъан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъухъан
0
|
гӀарзагъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гӀарзагъарасулъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъ
0
|
гӀарзагъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гӀарзагъарасулъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъе
0
|
гӀарзагъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гӀарзагъарасулъа
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъа
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъа
0
|
гӀарзагъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гӀарзагъарасулъан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъулъан
0
|
гӀарзагъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гӀарзагъарасукь
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукь
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукь
0
|
гӀарзагъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гӀарзагъарасукье
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукье
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукье
0
|
гӀарзагъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гӀарзагъарасукьа
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукьа
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукьа
0
|
гӀарзагъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гӀарзагъарасукьан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукьан
0
|
гӀарзагъаралъукьан
0
|
гӀарзагъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гӀарзагъун
[ʕarzaʁun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гӀарзагъун
[ʕarzaʁun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гӀарзагъинчӀого
[ʕarzaʁint͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гӀарзагъунаго
[ʕarzaʁunago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гӀарзагъунарого
[ʕarzaʁunarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гӀарзагъин
[ʕarzaʁin]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гӀарзагъине
[ʕarzaʁine]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
гӀарзагъинавизе
/[ʕarzaʁinawize]/
🔒
0
|
гӀарзагъинайизе
/[ʕarzaʁinajize]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинабизе
/[ʕarzaʁinabize]/
🔒
0
|
гӀарзагъинаризе
/[ʕarzaʁinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гӀарзагъинавуларо
/[ʕarzaʁinawularo]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинайуларо
/[ʕarzaʁinajularo]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинабуларо
/[ʕarzaʁinabularo]/
0
|
гӀарзагъинаруларо
/[ʕarzaʁinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гӀарзагъанхъизе
[ʕarzaʁanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гӀарзагъанхъиларо
[ʕarzaʁanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гӀарзагъ-гӀарзагъине
[ʕarzaʁ-ʕarzaʁine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гӀарзагъ-гӀарзагъинаро
[ʕarzaʁ-ʕarzaʁinaro]
0
|
|||