Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: kʼkʼvine
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
181370
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
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| Past Simple |
кӀкӀуна
[kʼːuna]
🔒
2
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| Past Simple Negative |
кӀкӀвинчӀо
[kʼːwint͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
кӀкӀвина
[kʼːwina]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
кӀкӀвинаро
[kʼːwinaro]
0
|
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| Constative |
кӀкӀвина
[kʼːwina]
0
|
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| Constative Negative |
кӀкӀвинаро
[kʼːwinaro]
0
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|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
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| Remote Present |
—
0
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|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
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|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
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| Remote Past |
кӀкӀвинаан
[kʼːwinajan]
0
|
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| Remote Past Negative |
кӀкӀвинароан
[kʼːwinarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
кӀкӀва
[kʼːwa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
кӀкӀунге
[kʼːunge]
0
|
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| Optative |
кӀкӀваги
[kʼːwagi]
0
|
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| Prohibitive Optative |
кӀкӀунгеги
[kʼːungegi]
0
|
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| Hortative |
кӀкӀвинин
[kʼːwinin]
0
|
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|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
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| Conditional |
кӀкӀуни
[kʼːuni]
0
|
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| Conditional Negative |
кӀкӀвинчӀони
[kʼːwint͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
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|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
кӀкӀунищ
[kʼːuniʃː]
0
|
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|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀкӀвинчӀищ
[kʼːwint͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀкӀвинищ
[kʼːwiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀкӀвинарищ
[kʼːwinariʃː]
0
|
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|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
кӀкӀвинищ
[kʼːwiniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀкӀвинарищ
[kʼːwinariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
кӀкӀурав
/[kʼːuraw]/
0
|
кӀкӀурай
/[kʼːuraj]/
0
|
кӀкӀураб
/[kʼːurab]/
0
|
кӀкӀурал
/[kʼːural]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
кӀкӀвинчӀев
/[kʼːwint͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинчӀей
/[kʼːwint͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинчӀеб
/[kʼːwint͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинчӀел
/[kʼːwint͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
кӀкӀвинев
/[kʼːwinew]/
0
|
кӀкӀвиней
/[kʼːwinej]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинеб
/[kʼːwineb]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинел
/[kʼːwinel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
кӀкӀвинарев
/[kʼːwinarew]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинарей
/[kʼːwinarej]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинареб
/[kʼːwinareb]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинарел
/[kʼːwinarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
кӀкӀвинев
/[kʼːwinew]/
0
|
кӀкӀвиней
/[kʼːwinej]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинеб
/[kʼːwineb]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинел
/[kʼːwinel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
кӀкӀвинарев
/[kʼːwinarew]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинарей
/[kʼːwinarej]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинареб
/[kʼːwinareb]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинарел
/[kʼːwinarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
кӀкӀвинехъин
[kʼːwineq͡χːin]
0
|
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| Intentional Participle Negative |
кӀкӀвинехъинро
[kʼːwineq͡χːinro]
0
|
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| Optative Participle |
кӀкӀваяв
/[kʼːwajaw]/
0
|
кӀкӀваяй
/[kʼːwajaj]/
0
|
кӀкӀваяб
/[kʼːwajab]/
0
|
кӀкӀваял
/[kʼːwajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
кӀкӀурав
0
|
кӀкӀурай
0
|
кӀкӀураб
0
|
кӀкӀурал
0
|
| Ergative |
кӀкӀурас
0
|
кӀкӀуралъ
0
|
кӀкӀуралъ
0
|
кӀкӀураз
0
|
| Genitive |
кӀкӀурасул
0
|
кӀкӀуралъул
0
|
кӀкӀуралъул
0
|
кӀкӀуразул
0
|
| Dative |
кӀкӀурасе
0
|
кӀкӀуралъе
0
|
кӀкӀуралъе
0
|
кӀкӀуразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
кӀкӀурасда
0
|
кӀкӀуралъда
0
|
кӀкӀуралъда
0
|
кӀкӀуразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
кӀкӀурасде
0
|
кӀкӀуралъде
0
|
кӀкӀуралъде
0
|
кӀкӀуразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
кӀкӀурасдаса
0
|
кӀкӀуралъдаса
0
|
кӀкӀуралъдаса
0
|
кӀкӀураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
кӀкӀурасдасан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъдасан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъдасан
0
|
кӀкӀураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
кӀкӀурасухъ
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъ
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъ
0
|
кӀкӀуразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
кӀкӀурасухъе
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъе
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъе
0
|
кӀкӀуразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
кӀкӀурасухъа
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъа
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъа
0
|
кӀкӀуразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
кӀкӀурасухъан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъухъан
0
|
кӀкӀуразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
кӀкӀурасулъ
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъ
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъ
0
|
кӀкӀуразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
кӀкӀурасулъе
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъе
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъе
0
|
кӀкӀуразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
кӀкӀурасулъа
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъа
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъа
0
|
кӀкӀуразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
кӀкӀурасулъан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъулъан
0
|
кӀкӀуразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
кӀкӀурасукь
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукь
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукь
0
|
кӀкӀуразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
кӀкӀурасукье
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукье
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукье
0
|
кӀкӀуразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
кӀкӀурасукьа
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукьа
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукьа
0
|
кӀкӀуразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
кӀкӀурасукьан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукьан
0
|
кӀкӀуралъукьан
0
|
кӀкӀуразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
кӀкӀвун
[kʼːwun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
кӀкӀун
[kʼːun]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
кӀкӀвинчӀого
[kʼːwint͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
кӀкӀвинаго
[kʼːwinago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
кӀкӀвинарого
[kʼːwinarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
кӀкӀвин
[kʼːwin]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
кӀкӀвине
[kʼːwine]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
кӀкӀвинавизе
/[kʼːwinawize]/
🔒
0
|
кӀкӀвинайизе
/[kʼːwinajize]/
🔒
0
|
кӀкӀвинабизе
/[kʼːwinabize]/
🔒
1
|
кӀкӀвинаризе
/[kʼːwinarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
кӀкӀвинавуларо
/[kʼːwinawularo]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинайуларо
/[kʼːwinajularo]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинабуларо
/[kʼːwinabularo]/
0
|
кӀкӀвинаруларо
/[kʼːwinarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
кӀкӀванхъизе
[kʼːwanq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
кӀкӀванхъиларо
[kʼːwanq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
кӀкӀви-кӀкӀвине
[kʼːwi-kʼːwine]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
кӀкӀви-кӀкӀвинаро
[kʼːwi-kʼːwinaro]
0
|
|||