Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
завернуть
закатать
засучить
накатать
подвернуть
свернуть
свернуться
скатать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: gurize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
181638
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
8
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
гурана
[gurana]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гуричӀо
[gurit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гурила
[gurila]
🔒
85
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гуриларо
[gurilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гурула
[gurula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гуруларо
[gurularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гурулаан
[gurulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гурулароан
[gurularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гуре
[gure]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гуруге
[guruge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гуреги
[guregi]
🔒
11
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гуругеги
[gurugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гуризин
[gurizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гурани
[gurani]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гуричӀони
[gurit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гуранищ
[guraniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гуричӀищ
[gurit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гурулищ
[guruliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гуруларищ
[gurulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гурилищ
[guriliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гуриларищ
[gurilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гурарав
/[guraraw]/
🔒
2
|
гурарай
/[guraraj]/
🔒
0
|
гурараб
/[gurarab]/
🔒
4
|
гурарал
/[guraral]/
🔒
2
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гуричӀев
/[gurit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гуричӀей
/[gurit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гуричӀеб
/[gurit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гуричӀел
/[gurit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гурулев
/[gurulew]/
🔒
0
|
гурулей
/[gurulej]/
🔒
0
|
гурулеб
/[guruleb]/
🔒
1
|
гурулел
/[gurulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гуруларев
/[gurularew]/
0
|
гуруларей
/[gurularej]/
0
|
гурулареб
/[gurulareb]/
0
|
гуруларел
/[gurularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гурилев
/[gurilew]/
0
|
гурилей
/[gurilej]/
0
|
гурилеб
/[gurileb]/
0
|
гурилел
/[gurilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гуриларев
/[gurilarew]/
0
|
гуриларей
/[gurilarej]/
0
|
гурилареб
/[gurilareb]/
0
|
гуриларел
/[gurilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гуризехъин
[gurizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гуризехъинро
[gurizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гуреяв
/[gurejaw]/
0
|
гуреяй
/[gurejaj]/
0
|
гуреяб
/[gurejab]/
🔒
1
|
гуреял
/[gurejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гурарав
2
|
гурарай
0
|
гурараб
4
|
гурарал
2
|
| Ergative |
гурарас
0
|
гураралъ
0
|
гураралъ
0
|
гурараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гурарасул
0
|
гураралъул
0
|
гураралъул
0
|
гураразул
0
|
| Dative |
гурарасе
0
|
гураралъе
0
|
гураралъе
0
|
гураразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гурарасда
0
|
гураралъда
0
|
гураралъда
0
|
гураразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гурарасде
0
|
гураралъде
0
|
гураралъде
0
|
гураразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гурарасдаса
0
|
гураралъдаса
0
|
гураралъдаса
0
|
гурараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гурарасдасан
0
|
гураралъдасан
0
|
гураралъдасан
0
|
гурараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гурарасухъ
0
|
гураралъухъ
0
|
гураралъухъ
0
|
гураразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гурарасухъе
0
|
гураралъухъе
0
|
гураралъухъе
0
|
гураразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гурарасухъа
0
|
гураралъухъа
0
|
гураралъухъа
0
|
гураразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гурарасухъан
0
|
гураралъухъан
0
|
гураралъухъан
0
|
гураразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гурарасулъ
0
|
гураралъулъ
0
|
гураралъулъ
0
|
гураразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гурарасулъе
0
|
гураралъулъе
0
|
гураралъулъе
0
|
гураразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гурарасулъа
0
|
гураралъулъа
0
|
гураралъулъа
0
|
гураразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гурарасулъан
0
|
гураралъулъан
0
|
гураралъулъан
0
|
гураразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гурарасукь
0
|
гураралъукь
0
|
гураралъукь
0
|
гураразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гурарасукье
0
|
гураралъукье
0
|
гураралъукье
0
|
гураразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гурарасукьа
0
|
гураралъукьа
0
|
гураралъукьа
0
|
гураразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гурарасукьан
0
|
гураралъукьан
0
|
гураралъукьан
0
|
гураразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гурун
[gurun]
🔒
94
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гурун
[gurun]
🔒
94
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гуричӀого
[gurit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гурулаго
[gurulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гуруларого
[gurularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гури
[guri]
🔒
102
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гуризе
[gurize]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Causative |
гуризавизе
/[gurizawize]/
0
|
гуризайизе
/[gurizajize]/
0
|
гуризабизе
/[gurizabize]/
0
|
гуризаризе
/[gurizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гуризавуларо
/[gurizawularo]/
0
|
гуризайуларо
/[gurizajularo]/
0
|
гуризабуларо
/[gurizabularo]/
0
|
гуризаруларо
/[gurizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гуриаризе
[gurijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гуриариларо
[gurijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гур-гуризе
[gur-gurize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гур-гуриларо
[gur-gurilaro]
0
|
|||