Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
задержаться
затормозиться
приостановиться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: lhalqize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
182105
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
17
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ɬalq͡χːulew wugo]/ |
/[ɬalq͡χːulej jigo]/ |
/[ɬalq͡χːuleb bugo]/ |
/[ɬalq͡χːulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ɬalq͡χːulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ɬalq͡χːulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ɬalq͡χːuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ɬalq͡χːulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
лъалхъана
[ɬalq͡χːana]
🔒
20
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
лъалхъичӀо
[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Future Simple |
лъалхъила
[ɬalq͡χːila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
лъалхъиларо
[ɬalq͡χːilaro]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative |
лъалхъула
[ɬalq͡χːula]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
лъалхъуларо
[ɬalq͡χːularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
лъалхъулаан
[ɬalq͡χːulajan]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
лъалхъулароан
[ɬalq͡χːularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
лъалхъе
[ɬalq͡χːe]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
лъалхъуге
[ɬalq͡χːuge]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Optative |
лъалхъеги
[ɬalq͡χːegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
лъалхъугеги
[ɬalq͡χːugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
лъалхъизин
[ɬalq͡χːizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
лъалхъани
[ɬalq͡χːani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
лъалхъичӀони
[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъалхъанищ
[ɬalq͡χːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъалхъичӀищ
[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
лъалхъулищ
[ɬalq͡χːuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъалхъуларищ
[ɬalq͡χːulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
лъалхъилищ
[ɬalq͡χːiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
лъалхъиларищ
[ɬalq͡χːilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
лъалхъарав
/[ɬalq͡χːaraw]/
🔒
0
|
лъалхъарай
/[ɬalq͡χːaraj]/
🔒
0
|
лъалхъараб
/[ɬalq͡χːarab]/
🔒
6
|
лъалхъарал
/[ɬalq͡χːaral]/
🔒
2
|
| Past Participle Negative |
лъалхъичӀев
/[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
лъалхъичӀей
/[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
лъалхъичӀеб
/[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
лъалхъичӀел
/[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
лъалхъулев
/[ɬalq͡χːulew]/
🔒
2
|
лъалхъулей
/[ɬalq͡χːulej]/
🔒
0
|
лъалхъулеб
/[ɬalq͡χːuleb]/
🔒
1
|
лъалхъулел
/[ɬalq͡χːulel]/
🔒
4
|
| Present Participle Negative |
лъалхъуларев
/[ɬalq͡χːularew]/
0
|
лъалхъуларей
/[ɬalq͡χːularej]/
0
|
лъалхъулареб
/[ɬalq͡χːulareb]/
0
|
лъалхъуларел
/[ɬalq͡χːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
лъалхъилев
/[ɬalq͡χːilew]/
0
|
лъалхъилей
/[ɬalq͡χːilej]/
0
|
лъалхъилеб
/[ɬalq͡χːileb]/
0
|
лъалхъилел
/[ɬalq͡χːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
лъалхъиларев
/[ɬalq͡χːilarew]/
0
|
лъалхъиларей
/[ɬalq͡χːilarej]/
0
|
лъалхъилареб
/[ɬalq͡χːilareb]/
0
|
лъалхъиларел
/[ɬalq͡χːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
лъалхъизехъин
[ɬalq͡χːizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
лъалхъизехъинро
[ɬalq͡χːizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
лъалхъеяв
/[ɬalq͡χːejaw]/
0
|
лъалхъеяй
/[ɬalq͡χːejaj]/
0
|
лъалхъеяб
/[ɬalq͡χːejab]/
0
|
лъалхъеял
/[ɬalq͡χːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
лъалхъарав
0
|
лъалхъарай
0
|
лъалхъараб
6
|
лъалхъарал
2
|
| Ergative |
лъалхъарас
0
|
лъалхъаралъ
0
|
лъалхъаралъ
0
|
лъалхъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
лъалхъарасул
0
|
лъалхъаралъул
0
|
лъалхъаралъул
0
|
лъалхъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
лъалхъарасе
0
|
лъалхъаралъе
0
|
лъалхъаралъе
0
|
лъалхъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
лъалхъарасда
0
|
лъалхъаралъда
0
|
лъалхъаралъда
0
|
лъалхъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
лъалхъарасде
0
|
лъалхъаралъде
0
|
лъалхъаралъде
0
|
лъалхъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
лъалхъарасдаса
0
|
лъалхъаралъдаса
0
|
лъалхъаралъдаса
0
|
лъалхъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
лъалхъарасдасан
0
|
лъалхъаралъдасан
0
|
лъалхъаралъдасан
0
|
лъалхъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
лъалхъарасухъ
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъ
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъ
0
|
лъалхъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
лъалхъарасухъе
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъе
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъе
0
|
лъалхъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
лъалхъарасухъа
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъа
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъа
0
|
лъалхъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
лъалхъарасухъан
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъан
0
|
лъалхъаралъухъан
0
|
лъалхъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
лъалхъарасулъ
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъ
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъ
0
|
лъалхъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
лъалхъарасулъе
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъе
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъе
0
|
лъалхъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
лъалхъарасулъа
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъа
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъа
0
|
лъалхъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
лъалхъарасулъан
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъан
0
|
лъалхъаралъулъан
0
|
лъалхъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
лъалхъарасукь
0
|
лъалхъаралъукь
0
|
лъалхъаралъукь
0
|
лъалхъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
лъалхъарасукье
0
|
лъалхъаралъукье
0
|
лъалхъаралъукье
0
|
лъалхъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
лъалхъарасукьа
0
|
лъалхъаралъукьа
0
|
лъалхъаралъукьа
0
|
лъалхъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
лъалхъарасукьан
0
|
лъалхъаралъукьан
0
|
лъалхъаралъукьан
0
|
лъалхъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
лъалхъун
[ɬalq͡χːun]
🔒
22
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
лъалхъун
[ɬalq͡χːun]
🔒
22
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
лъалхъичӀого
[ɬalq͡χːit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
лъалхъулаго
[ɬalq͡χːulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
лъалхъуларого
[ɬalq͡χːularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
лъалхъи
[ɬalq͡χːi]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Infinitive |
лъалхъизе
[ɬalq͡χːize]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Causative |
лъалхъизавизе
/[ɬalq͡χːizawize]/
🔒
0
|
лъалхъизайизе
/[ɬalq͡χːizajize]/
🔒
1
|
лъалхъизабизе
/[ɬalq͡χːizabize]/
🔒
4
|
лъалхъизаризе
/[ɬalq͡χːizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
лъалхъизавуларо
/[ɬalq͡χːizawularo]/
0
|
лъалхъизайуларо
/[ɬalq͡χːizajularo]/
0
|
лъалхъизабуларо
/[ɬalq͡χːizabularo]/
0
|
лъалхъизаруларо
/[ɬalq͡χːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
лъалхъиаризе
[ɬalq͡χːijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
лъалхъиариларо
[ɬalq͡χːijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
лъалхъ-лъалхъизе
[ɬalq͡χː-ɬalq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
лъалхъ-лъалхъиларо
[ɬalq͡χː-ɬalq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||