Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
просветлеть
зажечься
засветлеть
озариться
осветиться
посветить
посветлеть
сверкать
светиться
светлеть
сиять
флуоресцировать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CCVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: gvanghize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
182258
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
9
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[gwanʁulew wugo]/ |
/[gwanʁulej jigo]/ |
/[gwanʁuleb bugo]/ |
/[gwanʁulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[gwanʁulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[gwanʁulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[gwanʁuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[gwanʁulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
гвангъана
[gwanʁana]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гвангъичӀо
[gwanʁit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гвангъила
[gwanʁila]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гвангъиларо
[gwanʁilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гвангъула
[gwanʁula]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гвангъуларо
[gwanʁularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гвангъулаан
[gwanʁulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гвангъулароан
[gwanʁularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гвангъе
[gwanʁe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гвангъуге
[gwanʁuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гвангъеги
[gwanʁegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гвангъугеги
[gwanʁugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гвангъизин
[gwanʁizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гвангъани
[gwanʁani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гвангъичӀони
[gwanʁit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гвангъанищ
[gwanʁaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гвангъичӀищ
[gwanʁit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гвангъулищ
[gwanʁuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гвангъуларищ
[gwanʁulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гвангъилищ
[gwanʁiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гвангъиларищ
[gwanʁilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гвангъарав
/[gwanʁaraw]/
🔒
7
|
гвангъарай
/[gwanʁaraj]/
🔒
6
|
гвангъараб
/[gwanʁarab]/
🔒
177
|
гвангъарал
/[gwanʁaral]/
🔒
69
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гвангъичӀев
/[gwanʁit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гвангъичӀей
/[gwanʁit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гвангъичӀеб
/[gwanʁit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гвангъичӀел
/[gwanʁit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гвангъулев
/[gwanʁulew]/
🔒
0
|
гвангъулей
/[gwanʁulej]/
🔒
1
|
гвангъулеб
/[gwanʁuleb]/
🔒
7
|
гвангъулел
/[gwanʁulel]/
🔒
3
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гвангъуларев
/[gwanʁularew]/
0
|
гвангъуларей
/[gwanʁularej]/
0
|
гвангъулареб
/[gwanʁulareb]/
0
|
гвангъуларел
/[gwanʁularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гвангъилев
/[gwanʁilew]/
0
|
гвангъилей
/[gwanʁilej]/
0
|
гвангъилеб
/[gwanʁileb]/
0
|
гвангъилел
/[gwanʁilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гвангъиларев
/[gwanʁilarew]/
0
|
гвангъиларей
/[gwanʁilarej]/
0
|
гвангъилареб
/[gwanʁilareb]/
0
|
гвангъиларел
/[gwanʁilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гвангъизехъин
[gwanʁizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гвангъизехъинро
[gwanʁizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гвангъеяв
/[gwanʁejaw]/
0
|
гвангъеяй
/[gwanʁejaj]/
0
|
гвангъеяб
/[gwanʁejab]/
0
|
гвангъеял
/[gwanʁejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гвангъарав
7
|
гвангъарай
6
|
гвангъараб
177
|
гвангъарал
69
|
| Ergative |
гвангъарас
0
|
гвангъаралъ
0
|
гвангъаралъ
0
|
гвангъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гвангъарасул
0
|
гвангъаралъул
0
|
гвангъаралъул
0
|
гвангъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гвангъарасе
0
|
гвангъаралъе
0
|
гвангъаралъе
0
|
гвангъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гвангъарасда
0
|
гвангъаралъда
0
|
гвангъаралъда
0
|
гвангъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гвангъарасде
0
|
гвангъаралъде
0
|
гвангъаралъде
0
|
гвангъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гвангъарасдаса
0
|
гвангъаралъдаса
0
|
гвангъаралъдаса
0
|
гвангъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гвангъарасдасан
0
|
гвангъаралъдасан
0
|
гвангъаралъдасан
0
|
гвангъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гвангъарасухъ
0
|
гвангъаралъухъ
0
|
гвангъаралъухъ
0
|
гвангъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гвангъарасухъе
0
|
гвангъаралъухъе
0
|
гвангъаралъухъе
0
|
гвангъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гвангъарасухъа
0
|
гвангъаралъухъа
0
|
гвангъаралъухъа
0
|
гвангъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гвангъарасухъан
0
|
гвангъаралъухъан
0
|
гвангъаралъухъан
0
|
гвангъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гвангъарасулъ
0
|
гвангъаралъулъ
0
|
гвангъаралъулъ
0
|
гвангъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гвангъарасулъе
0
|
гвангъаралъулъе
0
|
гвангъаралъулъе
0
|
гвангъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гвангъарасулъа
0
|
гвангъаралъулъа
0
|
гвангъаралъулъа
0
|
гвангъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гвангъарасулъан
0
|
гвангъаралъулъан
0
|
гвангъаралъулъан
0
|
гвангъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гвангъарасукь
0
|
гвангъаралъукь
0
|
гвангъаралъукь
0
|
гвангъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гвангъарасукье
0
|
гвангъаралъукье
0
|
гвангъаралъукье
0
|
гвангъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гвангъарасукьа
0
|
гвангъаралъукьа
0
|
гвангъаралъукьа
0
|
гвангъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гвангъарасукьан
0
|
гвангъаралъукьан
0
|
гвангъаралъукьан
0
|
гвангъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гвангъун
[gwanʁun]
🔒
47
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гвангъун
[gwanʁun]
🔒
47
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гвангъичӀого
[gwanʁit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гвангъулаго
[gwanʁulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гвангъуларого
[gwanʁularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гвангъи
[gwanʁi]
🔒
25
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гвангъизе
[gwanʁize]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Causative |
гвангъизавизе
/[gwanʁizawize]/
🔒
0
|
гвангъизайизе
/[gwanʁizajize]/
🔒
0
|
гвангъизабизе
/[gwanʁizabize]/
🔒
2
|
гвангъизаризе
/[gwanʁizarize]/
🔒
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гвангъизавуларо
/[gwanʁizawularo]/
0
|
гвангъизайуларо
/[gwanʁizajularo]/
0
|
гвангъизабуларо
/[gwanʁizabularo]/
0
|
гвангъизаруларо
/[gwanʁizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гвангъиаризе
[gwanʁijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гвангъиариларо
[gwanʁijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гвангъ-гвангъизе
[gwanʁ-gwanʁize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гвангъ-гвангъиларо
[gwanʁ-gwanʁilaro]
0
|
|||