Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
зазеваться
зевать
оплошать
прозевать
проморгать
сплоховать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: tokhlhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
182299
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
6
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
тохлъана
[toχɬana]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
тохлъичӀо
[toχɬit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
тохлъила
[toχɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
тохлъиларо
[toχɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
тохлъула
[toχɬula]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
тохлъуларо
[toχɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
тохлъулаан
[toχɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
тохлъулароан
[toχɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
тохлъе
[toχɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
тохлъуге
[toχɬuge]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Optative |
тохлъеги
[toχɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
тохлъугеги
[toχɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
тохлъизин
[toχɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
тохлъани
[toχɬani]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
тохлъичӀони
[toχɬit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
тохлъанищ
[toχɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тохлъичӀищ
[toχɬit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
тохлъулищ
[toχɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
тохлъуларищ
[toχɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
тохлъилищ
[toχɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
тохлъиларищ
[toχɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
тохлъарав
/[toχɬaraw]/
🔒
1
|
тохлъарай
/[toχɬaraj]/
🔒
0
|
тохлъараб
/[toχɬarab]/
🔒
4
|
тохлъарал
/[toχɬaral]/
🔒
2
|
| Past Participle Negative |
тохлъичӀев
/[toχɬit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
тохлъичӀей
/[toχɬit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
тохлъичӀеб
/[toχɬit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
тохлъичӀел
/[toχɬit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
тохлъулев
/[toχɬulew]/
🔒
1
|
тохлъулей
/[toχɬulej]/
0
|
тохлъулеб
/[toχɬuleb]/
0
|
тохлъулел
/[toχɬulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
тохлъуларев
/[toχɬularew]/
🔒
0
|
тохлъуларей
/[toχɬularej]/
🔒
0
|
тохлъулареб
/[toχɬulareb]/
🔒
1
|
тохлъуларел
/[toχɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
тохлъилев
/[toχɬilew]/
0
|
тохлъилей
/[toχɬilej]/
0
|
тохлъилеб
/[toχɬileb]/
0
|
тохлъилел
/[toχɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
тохлъиларев
/[toχɬilarew]/
0
|
тохлъиларей
/[toχɬilarej]/
0
|
тохлъилареб
/[toχɬilareb]/
0
|
тохлъиларел
/[toχɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
тохлъизехъин
[toχɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
тохлъизехъинро
[toχɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
тохлъеяв
/[toχɬejaw]/
0
|
тохлъеяй
/[toχɬejaj]/
0
|
тохлъеяб
/[toχɬejab]/
0
|
тохлъеял
/[toχɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
тохлъарав
1
|
тохлъарай
0
|
тохлъараб
4
|
тохлъарал
2
|
| Ergative |
тохлъарас
0
|
тохлъаралъ
0
|
тохлъаралъ
0
|
тохлъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
тохлъарасул
0
|
тохлъаралъул
0
|
тохлъаралъул
0
|
тохлъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
тохлъарасе
1
|
тохлъаралъе
0
|
тохлъаралъе
0
|
тохлъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
тохлъарасда
0
|
тохлъаралъда
0
|
тохлъаралъда
0
|
тохлъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
тохлъарасде
0
|
тохлъаралъде
0
|
тохлъаралъде
0
|
тохлъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
тохлъарасдаса
0
|
тохлъаралъдаса
0
|
тохлъаралъдаса
0
|
тохлъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
тохлъарасдасан
0
|
тохлъаралъдасан
0
|
тохлъаралъдасан
0
|
тохлъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
тохлъарасухъ
0
|
тохлъаралъухъ
0
|
тохлъаралъухъ
0
|
тохлъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
тохлъарасухъе
0
|
тохлъаралъухъе
0
|
тохлъаралъухъе
0
|
тохлъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
тохлъарасухъа
0
|
тохлъаралъухъа
0
|
тохлъаралъухъа
0
|
тохлъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
тохлъарасухъан
0
|
тохлъаралъухъан
0
|
тохлъаралъухъан
0
|
тохлъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
тохлъарасулъ
0
|
тохлъаралъулъ
0
|
тохлъаралъулъ
0
|
тохлъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
тохлъарасулъе
0
|
тохлъаралъулъе
0
|
тохлъаралъулъе
0
|
тохлъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
тохлъарасулъа
0
|
тохлъаралъулъа
0
|
тохлъаралъулъа
0
|
тохлъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
тохлъарасулъан
0
|
тохлъаралъулъан
0
|
тохлъаралъулъан
0
|
тохлъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
тохлъарасукь
0
|
тохлъаралъукь
0
|
тохлъаралъукь
0
|
тохлъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
тохлъарасукье
0
|
тохлъаралъукье
0
|
тохлъаралъукье
0
|
тохлъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
тохлъарасукьа
0
|
тохлъаралъукьа
0
|
тохлъаралъукьа
0
|
тохлъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
тохлъарасукьан
0
|
тохлъаралъукьан
0
|
тохлъаралъукьан
0
|
тохлъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
тохлъун
[toχɬun]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
тохлъун
[toχɬun]
🔒
7
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
тохлъичӀого
[toχɬit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
тохлъулаго
[toχɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
тохлъуларого
[toχɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
тохлъи
[toχɬi]
🔒
17
|
|||
| Infinitive |
тохлъизе
[toχɬize]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Causative |
тохлъизавизе
/[toχɬizawize]/
0
|
тохлъизайизе
/[toχɬizajize]/
0
|
тохлъизабизе
/[toχɬizabize]/
0
|
тохлъизаризе
/[toχɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
тохлъизавуларо
/[toχɬizawularo]/
0
|
тохлъизайуларо
/[toχɬizajularo]/
0
|
тохлъизабуларо
/[toχɬizabularo]/
0
|
тохлъизаруларо
/[toχɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
тохлъиаризе
[toχɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
тохлъиариларо
[toχɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
тохлъ-тохлъизе
[toχɬ-toχɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
тохлъ-тохлъиларо
[toχɬ-toχɬilaro]
0
|
|||