Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: palghaze
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
182705
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
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| Past Simple |
палгъана
[paɬana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
палгъачӀо
[paɬat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
палгъала
[paɬala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
палгъаларо
[paɬalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
палгъала
[paɬala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
палгъаларо
[paɬalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
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| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
палгъалаан
[paɬalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
палгъалароан
[paɬalarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
палгъа
[paɬa]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
палгъаге
[paɬage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
палгъаги
[paɬagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
палгъагеги
[paɬagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
палгъазин
[paɬazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
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| Conditional |
палгъани
[paɬani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
палгъачӀони
[paɬat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
палгъанищ
[paɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
палгъачӀищ
[paɬat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
палгъалищ
[paɬaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
палгъаларищ
[paɬalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
палгъалищ
[paɬaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
палгъаларищ
[paɬalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
палгъарав
/[paɬaraw]/
🔒
1
|
палгъарай
/[paɬaraj]/
0
|
палгъараб
/[paɬarab]/
🔒
1
|
палгъарал
/[paɬaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
палгъачӀев
/[paɬat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
палгъачӀей
/[paɬat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
палгъачӀеб
/[paɬat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
палгъачӀел
/[paɬat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
палгъалев
/[paɬalew]/
0
|
палгъалей
/[paɬalej]/
0
|
палгъалеб
/[paɬaleb]/
0
|
палгъалел
/[paɬalel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
палгъаларев
/[paɬalarew]/
0
|
палгъаларей
/[paɬalarej]/
0
|
палгъалареб
/[paɬalareb]/
0
|
палгъаларел
/[paɬalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
палгъалев
/[paɬalew]/
0
|
палгъалей
/[paɬalej]/
0
|
палгъалеб
/[paɬaleb]/
0
|
палгъалел
/[paɬalel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
палгъаларев
/[paɬalarew]/
0
|
палгъаларей
/[paɬalarej]/
0
|
палгъалареб
/[paɬalareb]/
0
|
палгъаларел
/[paɬalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
палгъазехъин
[paɬazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
палгъазехъинро
[paɬazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
палгъаяв
/[paɬajaw]/
0
|
палгъаяй
/[paɬajaj]/
0
|
палгъаяб
/[paɬajab]/
0
|
палгъаял
/[paɬajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
палгъарав
1
|
палгъарай
0
|
палгъараб
1
|
палгъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
палгъарас
0
|
палгъаралъ
0
|
палгъаралъ
0
|
палгъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
палгъарасул
0
|
палгъаралъул
0
|
палгъаралъул
0
|
палгъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
палгъарасе
0
|
палгъаралъе
0
|
палгъаралъе
0
|
палгъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
палгъарасда
0
|
палгъаралъда
0
|
палгъаралъда
0
|
палгъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
палгъарасде
0
|
палгъаралъде
0
|
палгъаралъде
0
|
палгъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
палгъарасдаса
0
|
палгъаралъдаса
0
|
палгъаралъдаса
0
|
палгъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
палгъарасдасан
0
|
палгъаралъдасан
0
|
палгъаралъдасан
0
|
палгъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
палгъарасухъ
0
|
палгъаралъухъ
0
|
палгъаралъухъ
0
|
палгъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
палгъарасухъе
0
|
палгъаралъухъе
0
|
палгъаралъухъе
0
|
палгъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
палгъарасухъа
0
|
палгъаралъухъа
0
|
палгъаралъухъа
0
|
палгъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
палгъарасухъан
0
|
палгъаралъухъан
0
|
палгъаралъухъан
0
|
палгъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
палгъарасулъ
0
|
палгъаралъулъ
0
|
палгъаралъулъ
0
|
палгъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
палгъарасулъе
0
|
палгъаралъулъе
0
|
палгъаралъулъе
0
|
палгъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
палгъарасулъа
0
|
палгъаралъулъа
0
|
палгъаралъулъа
0
|
палгъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
палгъарасулъан
0
|
палгъаралъулъан
0
|
палгъаралъулъан
0
|
палгъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
палгъарасукь
0
|
палгъаралъукь
0
|
палгъаралъукь
0
|
палгъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
палгъарасукье
0
|
палгъаралъукье
0
|
палгъаралъукье
0
|
палгъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
палгъарасукьа
0
|
палгъаралъукьа
0
|
палгъаралъукьа
0
|
палгъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
палгъарасукьан
0
|
палгъаралъукьан
0
|
палгъаралъукьан
0
|
палгъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
палгъан
[paɬan]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
палгъан
[paɬan]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
палгъачӀого
[paɬat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
палгъалаго
[paɬalago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
палгъаларого
[paɬalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
палгъай
[paɬaj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
палгъазе
[paɬaze]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Causative |
палгъазавизе
/[paɬazawize]/
0
|
палгъазайизе
/[paɬazajize]/
0
|
палгъазабизе
/[paɬazabize]/
0
|
палгъазаризе
/[paɬazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
палгъазавуларо
/[paɬazawularo]/
0
|
палгъазайуларо
/[paɬazajularo]/
0
|
палгъазабуларо
/[paɬazabularo]/
0
|
палгъазаруларо
/[paɬazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
палгъааризе
[paɬajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
палгъаариларо
[paɬajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
палгъа-палгъазе
[paɬa-paɬaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
палгъа-палгъаларо
[paɬa-paɬalaro]
0
|
|||