Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
затосковать
изголодаться
тосковать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
VC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: urqize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
184138
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
урхъана
[ʔurq͡χːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
урхъичӀо
[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
урхъила
[ʔurq͡χːila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
урхъиларо
[ʔurq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
урхъула
[ʔurq͡χːula]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
урхъуларо
[ʔurq͡χːularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
урхъулаан
[ʔurq͡χːulajan]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
урхъулароан
[ʔurq͡χːularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
урхъе
[ʔurq͡χːe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
урхъуге
[ʔurq͡χːuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
урхъеги
[ʔurq͡χːegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
урхъугеги
[ʔurq͡χːugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
урхъизин
[ʔurq͡χːizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
урхъани
[ʔurq͡χːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
урхъичӀони
[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
урхъанищ
[ʔurq͡χːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
урхъичӀищ
[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
урхъулищ
[ʔurq͡χːuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
урхъуларищ
[ʔurq͡χːulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
урхъилищ
[ʔurq͡χːiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
урхъиларищ
[ʔurq͡χːilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
урхъарав
/[ʔurq͡χːaraw]/
🔒
3
|
урхъарай
/[ʔurq͡χːaraj]/
🔒
3
|
урхъараб
/[ʔurq͡χːarab]/
🔒
42
|
урхъарал
/[ʔurq͡χːaral]/
🔒
7
|
| Past Participle Negative |
урхъичӀев
/[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
урхъичӀей
/[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
урхъичӀеб
/[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
урхъичӀел
/[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
урхъулев
/[ʔurq͡χːulew]/
🔒
1
|
урхъулей
/[ʔurq͡χːulej]/
0
|
урхъулеб
/[ʔurq͡χːuleb]/
🔒
2
|
урхъулел
/[ʔurq͡χːulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
урхъуларев
/[ʔurq͡χːularew]/
0
|
урхъуларей
/[ʔurq͡χːularej]/
0
|
урхъулареб
/[ʔurq͡χːulareb]/
0
|
урхъуларел
/[ʔurq͡χːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
урхъилев
/[ʔurq͡χːilew]/
0
|
урхъилей
/[ʔurq͡χːilej]/
0
|
урхъилеб
/[ʔurq͡χːileb]/
🔒
1
|
урхъилел
/[ʔurq͡χːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
урхъиларев
/[ʔurq͡χːilarew]/
0
|
урхъиларей
/[ʔurq͡χːilarej]/
0
|
урхъилареб
/[ʔurq͡χːilareb]/
0
|
урхъиларел
/[ʔurq͡χːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
урхъизехъин
[ʔurq͡χːizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
урхъизехъинро
[ʔurq͡χːizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
урхъеяв
/[ʔurq͡χːejaw]/
0
|
урхъеяй
/[ʔurq͡χːejaj]/
0
|
урхъеяб
/[ʔurq͡χːejab]/
0
|
урхъеял
/[ʔurq͡χːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
урхъарав
3
|
урхъарай
3
|
урхъараб
42
|
урхъарал
7
|
| Ergative |
урхъарас
0
|
урхъаралъ
0
|
урхъаралъ
0
|
урхъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
урхъарасул
0
|
урхъаралъул
0
|
урхъаралъул
0
|
урхъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
урхъарасе
0
|
урхъаралъе
0
|
урхъаралъе
0
|
урхъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
урхъарасда
0
|
урхъаралъда
0
|
урхъаралъда
0
|
урхъаразда
1
|
| Allative (-де) |
урхъарасде
0
|
урхъаралъде
0
|
урхъаралъде
0
|
урхъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
урхъарасдаса
0
|
урхъаралъдаса
0
|
урхъаралъдаса
0
|
урхъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
урхъарасдасан
0
|
урхъаралъдасан
0
|
урхъаралъдасан
0
|
урхъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
урхъарасухъ
0
|
урхъаралъухъ
0
|
урхъаралъухъ
0
|
урхъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
урхъарасухъе
0
|
урхъаралъухъе
0
|
урхъаралъухъе
0
|
урхъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
урхъарасухъа
0
|
урхъаралъухъа
0
|
урхъаралъухъа
0
|
урхъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
урхъарасухъан
0
|
урхъаралъухъан
0
|
урхъаралъухъан
0
|
урхъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
урхъарасулъ
0
|
урхъаралъулъ
0
|
урхъаралъулъ
0
|
урхъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
урхъарасулъе
0
|
урхъаралъулъе
0
|
урхъаралъулъе
0
|
урхъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
урхъарасулъа
0
|
урхъаралъулъа
0
|
урхъаралъулъа
0
|
урхъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
урхъарасулъан
0
|
урхъаралъулъан
0
|
урхъаралъулъан
0
|
урхъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
урхъарасукь
0
|
урхъаралъукь
0
|
урхъаралъукь
0
|
урхъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
урхъарасукье
0
|
урхъаралъукье
0
|
урхъаралъукье
0
|
урхъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
урхъарасукьа
0
|
урхъаралъукьа
0
|
урхъаралъукьа
0
|
урхъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
урхъарасукьан
0
|
урхъаралъукьан
0
|
урхъаралъукьан
0
|
урхъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
урхъун
[ʔurq͡χːun]
🔒
64
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
урхъун
[ʔurq͡χːun]
🔒
64
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
урхъичӀого
[ʔurq͡χːit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
урхъулаго
[ʔurq͡χːulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
урхъуларого
[ʔurq͡χːularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
урхъи
[ʔurq͡χːi]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Infinitive |
урхъизе
[ʔurq͡χːize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
урхъизавизе
/[ʔurq͡χːizawize]/
0
|
урхъизайизе
/[ʔurq͡χːizajize]/
0
|
урхъизабизе
/[ʔurq͡χːizabize]/
0
|
урхъизаризе
/[ʔurq͡χːizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
урхъизавуларо
/[ʔurq͡χːizawularo]/
0
|
урхъизайуларо
/[ʔurq͡χːizajularo]/
0
|
урхъизабуларо
/[ʔurq͡χːizabularo]/
0
|
урхъизаруларо
/[ʔurq͡χːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
урхъиаризе
[ʔurq͡χːijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
урхъиариларо
[ʔurq͡χːijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
урхъ-урхъизе
[ʔurq͡χː-urq͡χːize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
урхъ-урхъиларо
[ʔurq͡χː-urq͡χːilaro]
0
|
|||