Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
звенеть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: zengheze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
184483
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
зенгъена
[zenʁena]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
зенгъечӀо
[zenʁet͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
зенгъела
[zenʁela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
зенгъеларо
[zenʁelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
зенгъола
[zenʁola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
зенгъоларо
[zenʁolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
зенгъолаан
[zenʁolajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
зенгъолароан
[zenʁolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
зенгъе
[zenʁe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
зенгъоге
[zenʁoge]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Optative |
зенгъеги
[zenʁegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
зенгъогеги
[zenʁogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
зенгъезин
[zenʁezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
зенгъени
[zenʁeni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
зенгъечӀони
[zenʁet͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
зенгъенищ
[zenʁeniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
зенгъечӀищ
[zenʁet͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
зенгъолищ
[zenʁoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
зенгъоларищ
[zenʁolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
зенгъелищ
[zenʁeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
зенгъеларищ
[zenʁelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
зенгъерав
/[zenʁeraw]/
0
|
зенгъерай
/[zenʁeraj]/
0
|
зенгъераб
/[zenʁerab]/
0
|
зенгъерал
/[zenʁeral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
зенгъечӀев
/[zenʁet͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
зенгъечӀей
/[zenʁet͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
зенгъечӀеб
/[zenʁet͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
зенгъечӀел
/[zenʁet͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
зенгъолев
/[zenʁolew]/
0
|
зенгъолей
/[zenʁolej]/
0
|
зенгъолеб
/[zenʁoleb]/
0
|
зенгъолел
/[zenʁolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
зенгъоларев
/[zenʁolarew]/
0
|
зенгъоларей
/[zenʁolarej]/
0
|
зенгъолареб
/[zenʁolareb]/
0
|
зенгъоларел
/[zenʁolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
зенгъелев
/[zenʁelew]/
0
|
зенгъелей
/[zenʁelej]/
0
|
зенгъелеб
/[zenʁeleb]/
0
|
зенгъелел
/[zenʁelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
зенгъеларев
/[zenʁelarew]/
0
|
зенгъеларей
/[zenʁelarej]/
0
|
зенгъелареб
/[zenʁelareb]/
0
|
зенгъеларел
/[zenʁelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
зенгъезехъин
[zenʁezeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
зенгъезехъинро
[zenʁezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
зенгъеяв
/[zenʁejaw]/
0
|
зенгъеяй
/[zenʁejaj]/
0
|
зенгъеяб
/[zenʁejab]/
0
|
зенгъеял
/[zenʁejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
зенгъерав
0
|
зенгъерай
0
|
зенгъераб
0
|
зенгъерал
0
|
| Ergative |
зенгъерас
0
|
зенгъералъ
0
|
зенгъералъ
0
|
зенгъераз
0
|
| Genitive |
зенгъерасул
0
|
зенгъералъул
0
|
зенгъералъул
0
|
зенгъеразул
0
|
| Dative |
зенгъерасе
0
|
зенгъералъе
0
|
зенгъералъе
0
|
зенгъеразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
зенгъерасда
0
|
зенгъералъда
0
|
зенгъералъда
0
|
зенгъеразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
зенгъерасде
0
|
зенгъералъде
0
|
зенгъералъде
0
|
зенгъеразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
зенгъерасдаса
0
|
зенгъералъдаса
0
|
зенгъералъдаса
0
|
зенгъераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
зенгъерасдасан
0
|
зенгъералъдасан
0
|
зенгъералъдасан
0
|
зенгъераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
зенгъерасухъ
0
|
зенгъералъухъ
0
|
зенгъералъухъ
0
|
зенгъеразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
зенгъерасухъе
0
|
зенгъералъухъе
0
|
зенгъералъухъе
0
|
зенгъеразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
зенгъерасухъа
0
|
зенгъералъухъа
0
|
зенгъералъухъа
0
|
зенгъеразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
зенгъерасухъан
0
|
зенгъералъухъан
0
|
зенгъералъухъан
0
|
зенгъеразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
зенгъерасулъ
0
|
зенгъералъулъ
0
|
зенгъералъулъ
0
|
зенгъеразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
зенгъерасулъе
0
|
зенгъералъулъе
0
|
зенгъералъулъе
0
|
зенгъеразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
зенгъерасулъа
0
|
зенгъералъулъа
0
|
зенгъералъулъа
0
|
зенгъеразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
зенгъерасулъан
0
|
зенгъералъулъан
0
|
зенгъералъулъан
0
|
зенгъеразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
зенгъерасукь
0
|
зенгъералъукь
0
|
зенгъералъукь
0
|
зенгъеразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
зенгъерасукье
0
|
зенгъералъукье
0
|
зенгъералъукье
0
|
зенгъеразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
зенгъерасукьа
0
|
зенгъералъукьа
0
|
зенгъералъукьа
0
|
зенгъеразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
зенгъерасукьан
0
|
зенгъералъукьан
0
|
зенгъералъукьан
0
|
зенгъеразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
зенгъон
[zenʁon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
зенгъон
[zenʁon]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
зенгъечӀого
[zenʁet͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
зенгъолаго
[zenʁolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
зенгъоларого
[zenʁolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
зенгъей
[zenʁej]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
зенгъезе
[zenʁeze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
зенгъезавизе
/[zenʁezawize]/
🔒
0
|
зенгъезайизе
/[zenʁezajize]/
🔒
0
|
зенгъезабизе
/[zenʁezabize]/
🔒
0
|
зенгъезаризе
/[zenʁezarize]/
🔒
1
|
| Causative Negative |
зенгъезавуларо
/[zenʁezawularo]/
0
|
зенгъезайуларо
/[zenʁezajularo]/
0
|
зенгъезабуларо
/[zenʁezabularo]/
0
|
зенгъезаруларо
/[zenʁezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
зенгъеаризе
[zenʁejarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
зенгъеариларо
[zenʁejarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
зенгъ-зенгъезе
[zenʁ-zenʁeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
зенгъ-зенгъеларо
[zenʁ-zenʁelaro]
0
|
|||