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Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: ts'odorlhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
185589
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡sˀodorɬulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡sˀodorɬulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡sˀodorɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡sˀodorɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡sˀodorɬulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sˀodorɬulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sˀodorɬuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sˀodorɬulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
цӀодорлъана
[t͡sˀodorɬana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
цӀодорлъичӀо
[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
цӀодорлъила
[t͡sˀodorɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
цӀодорлъиларо
[t͡sˀodorɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
цӀодорлъула
[t͡sˀodorɬula]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
цӀодорлъуларо
[t͡sˀodorɬularo]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
цӀодорлъулаан
[t͡sʼodorɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
цӀодорлъулароан
[t͡sʼodorɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
цӀодорлъе
[t͡sˀodorɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
цӀодорлъуге
[t͡sˀodorɬuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
цӀодорлъеги
[t͡sʼodorɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
цӀодорлъугеги
[t͡sˀodorɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
цӀодорлъизин
[t͡sˀodorɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
цӀодорлъани
[t͡sˀodorɬani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
цӀодорлъичӀони
[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀодорлъанищ
[t͡sˀodorɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀодорлъичӀищ
[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀодорлъулищ
[t͡sˀodorɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀодорлъуларищ
[t͡sˀodorɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀодорлъилищ
[t͡sˀodorɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀодорлъиларищ
[t͡sˀodorɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
цӀодорлъарав
/[t͡sˀodorɬaraw]/
0
|
цӀодорлъарай
/[t͡sˀodorɬaraj]/
0
|
цӀодорлъараб
/[t͡sˀodorɬarab]/
0
|
цӀодорлъарал
/[t͡sˀodorɬaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
цӀодорлъичӀев
/[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
цӀодорлъичӀей
/[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
цӀодорлъичӀеб
/[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
цӀодорлъичӀел
/[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
цӀодорлъулев
/[t͡sˀodorɬulew]/
0
|
цӀодорлъулей
/[t͡sˀodorɬulej]/
0
|
цӀодорлъулеб
/[t͡sˀodorɬuleb]/
0
|
цӀодорлъулел
/[t͡sˀodorɬulel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle Negative |
цӀодорлъуларев
/[t͡sˀodorɬularew]/
0
|
цӀодорлъуларей
/[t͡sˀodorɬularej]/
0
|
цӀодорлъулареб
/[t͡sˀodorɬulareb]/
0
|
цӀодорлъуларел
/[t͡sˀodorɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
цӀодорлъилев
/[t͡sˀodorɬilew]/
0
|
цӀодорлъилей
/[t͡sˀodorɬilej]/
0
|
цӀодорлъилеб
/[t͡sˀodorɬileb]/
0
|
цӀодорлъилел
/[t͡sˀodorɬilel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle Negative |
цӀодорлъиларев
/[t͡sˀodorɬilarew]/
0
|
цӀодорлъиларей
/[t͡sˀodorɬilarej]/
0
|
цӀодорлъилареб
/[t͡sˀodorɬilareb]/
0
|
цӀодорлъиларел
/[t͡sˀodorɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
цӀодорлъизехъин
[t͡sˀodorɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
цӀодорлъизехъинро
[t͡sˀodorɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
цӀодорлъеяв
/[t͡sˀodorɬejaw]/
0
|
цӀодорлъеяй
/[t͡sˀodorɬejaj]/
0
|
цӀодорлъеяб
/[t͡sˀodorɬejab]/
0
|
цӀодорлъеял
/[t͡sʼodorɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
цӀодорлъарав
0
|
цӀодорлъарай
0
|
цӀодорлъараб
0
|
цӀодорлъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
цӀодорлъарас
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъ
0
|
цӀодорлъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
цӀодорлъарасул
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъул
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъул
0
|
цӀодорлъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
цӀодорлъарасе
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
цӀодорлъарасда
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъда
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъда
0
|
цӀодорлъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
цӀодорлъарасде
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъде
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъде
0
|
цӀодорлъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
цӀодорлъарасдаса
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъдаса
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъдаса
0
|
цӀодорлъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
цӀодорлъарасдасан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъдасан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъдасан
0
|
цӀодорлъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
цӀодорлъарасухъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
цӀодорлъарасухъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
цӀодорлъарасухъа
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъа
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъа
0
|
цӀодорлъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
цӀодорлъарасухъан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъухъан
0
|
цӀодорлъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
цӀодорлъарасулъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъ
0
|
цӀодорлъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
цӀодорлъарасулъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъе
0
|
цӀодорлъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
цӀодорлъарасулъа
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъа
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъа
0
|
цӀодорлъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
цӀодорлъарасулъан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъулъан
0
|
цӀодорлъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
цӀодорлъарасукь
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукь
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукь
0
|
цӀодорлъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
цӀодорлъарасукье
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукье
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукье
0
|
цӀодорлъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
цӀодорлъарасукьа
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукьа
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукьа
0
|
цӀодорлъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
цӀодорлъарасукьан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукьан
0
|
цӀодорлъаралъукьан
0
|
цӀодорлъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
цӀодорлъун
[t͡sʼodorɬun]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
цӀодорлъун
[t͡sˀodorɬun]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
цӀодорлъичӀого
[t͡sˀodorɬit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
цӀодорлъулаго
[t͡sˀodorɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
цӀодорлъуларого
[t͡sˀodorɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
цӀодорлъи
[t͡sˀodorɬi]
🔒
181
|
|||
| Infinitive |
цӀодорлъизе
[t͡sˀodorɬize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
цӀодорлъизавизе
/[t͡sʼodorɬizawize]/
0
|
цӀодорлъизайизе
/[t͡sʼodorɬizajize]/
0
|
цӀодорлъизабизе
/[t͡sˀodorɬizabize]/
0
|
цӀодорлъизаризе
/[t͡sʼodorɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
цӀодорлъизавуларо
/[t͡sʼodorɬizawularo]/
0
|
цӀодорлъизайуларо
/[t͡sʼodorɬizajularo]/
0
|
цӀодорлъизабуларо
/[t͡sˀodorɬizabularo]/
0
|
цӀодорлъизаруларо
/[t͡sʼodorɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
цӀодорлъиаризе
[t͡sˀodorɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
цӀодорлъиариларо
[t͡sˀodorɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
цӀодорлъ-цӀодорлъизе
[t͡sˀodorɬ-t͡sˀodorɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
цӀодорлъ-цӀодорлъиларо
[t͡sˀodorɬ-t͡sˀodorɬilaro]
0
|
|||