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🌐 Translations
Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: shapize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
187556
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
шапана
[ʃapana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
шапичӀо
[ʃapit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
шапила
[ʃapila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
шапиларо
[ʃapilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
шапула
[ʃapula]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
шапуларо
[ʃapularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
шапулаан
[ʃapulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
шапулароан
[ʃapularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
шапе
[ʃape]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
шапуге
[ʃapuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
шапеги
[ʃapegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
шапугеги
[ʃapugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
шапизин
[ʃapizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
шапани
[ʃapani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
шапичӀони
[ʃapit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
шапанищ
[ʃapaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
шапичӀищ
[ʃapit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
шапулищ
[ʃapuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
шапуларищ
[ʃapulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
шапилищ
[ʃapiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
шапиларищ
[ʃapilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
шапарав
/[ʃaparaw]/
🔒
1
|
шапарай
/[ʃaparaj]/
🔒
0
|
шапараб
/[ʃaparab]/
🔒
1
|
шапарал
/[ʃaparal]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
шапичӀев
/[ʃapit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
шапичӀей
/[ʃapit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
шапичӀеб
/[ʃapit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
шапичӀел
/[ʃapit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
шапулев
/[ʃapulew]/
🔒
1
|
шапулей
/[ʃapulej]/
0
|
шапулеб
/[ʃapuleb]/
0
|
шапулел
/[ʃapulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
шапуларев
/[ʃapularew]/
0
|
шапуларей
/[ʃapularej]/
0
|
шапулареб
/[ʃapulareb]/
0
|
шапуларел
/[ʃapularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
шапилев
/[ʃapilew]/
0
|
шапилей
/[ʃapilej]/
0
|
шапилеб
/[ʃapileb]/
0
|
шапилел
/[ʃapilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
шапиларев
/[ʃapilarew]/
0
|
шапиларей
/[ʃapilarej]/
0
|
шапилареб
/[ʃapilareb]/
0
|
шапиларел
/[ʃapilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
шапизехъин
[ʃapizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
шапизехъинро
[ʃapizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
шапеяв
/[ʃapejaw]/
0
|
шапеяй
/[ʃapejaj]/
0
|
шапеяб
/[ʃapejab]/
0
|
шапеял
/[ʃapejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
шапарав
1
|
шапарай
0
|
шапараб
1
|
шапарал
1
|
| Ergative |
шапарас
0
|
шапаралъ
0
|
шапаралъ
0
|
шапараз
0
|
| Genitive |
шапарасул
0
|
шапаралъул
0
|
шапаралъул
0
|
шапаразул
0
|
| Dative |
шапарасе
0
|
шапаралъе
0
|
шапаралъе
0
|
шапаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
шапарасда
1
|
шапаралъда
0
|
шапаралъда
0
|
шапаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
шапарасде
0
|
шапаралъде
0
|
шапаралъде
0
|
шапаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
шапарасдаса
0
|
шапаралъдаса
0
|
шапаралъдаса
0
|
шапараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
шапарасдасан
0
|
шапаралъдасан
0
|
шапаралъдасан
0
|
шапараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
шапарасухъ
0
|
шапаралъухъ
0
|
шапаралъухъ
0
|
шапаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
шапарасухъе
0
|
шапаралъухъе
0
|
шапаралъухъе
0
|
шапаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
шапарасухъа
0
|
шапаралъухъа
0
|
шапаралъухъа
0
|
шапаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
шапарасухъан
0
|
шапаралъухъан
0
|
шапаралъухъан
0
|
шапаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
шапарасулъ
0
|
шапаралъулъ
0
|
шапаралъулъ
0
|
шапаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
шапарасулъе
0
|
шапаралъулъе
0
|
шапаралъулъе
0
|
шапаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
шапарасулъа
0
|
шапаралъулъа
0
|
шапаралъулъа
0
|
шапаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
шапарасулъан
0
|
шапаралъулъан
0
|
шапаралъулъан
0
|
шапаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
шапарасукь
0
|
шапаралъукь
0
|
шапаралъукь
0
|
шапаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
шапарасукье
0
|
шапаралъукье
0
|
шапаралъукье
0
|
шапаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
шапарасукьа
0
|
шапаралъукьа
0
|
шапаралъукьа
0
|
шапаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
шапарасукьан
0
|
шапаралъукьан
0
|
шапаралъукьан
0
|
шапаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
шапун
[ʃapun]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
шапун
[ʃapun]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
шапичӀого
[ʃapit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
шапулаго
[ʃapulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
шапуларого
[ʃapularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
шапи
[ʃapi]
🔒
36
|
|||
| Infinitive |
шапизе
[ʃapize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
шапизавизе
/[ʃapizawize]/
0
|
шапизайизе
/[ʃapizajize]/
0
|
шапизабизе
/[ʃapizabize]/
0
|
шапизаризе
/[ʃapizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
шапизавуларо
/[ʃapizawularo]/
0
|
шапизайуларо
/[ʃapizajularo]/
0
|
шапизабуларо
/[ʃapizabularo]/
0
|
шапизаруларо
/[ʃapizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
шапиаризе
[ʃapijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
шапиариларо
[ʃapijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
шап-шапизе
[ʃap-ʃapize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
шап-шапиларо
[ʃap-ʃapilaro]
0
|
|||