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Russian
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English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: kʼirqʼize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
188496
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulew wugo]/ |
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulej jigo]/ |
/[kˀirq͡χˀːuleb bugo]/ |
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[kˀirq͡χˀːuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
кӀиркъана
[kˀirq͡χˀːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
кӀиркъичӀо
[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
кӀиркъила
[kˀirq͡χˀːila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
кӀиркъиларо
[kˀirq͡χˀːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
кӀиркъула
[kˀirq͡χˀːula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
кӀиркъуларо
[kˀirq͡χˀːularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
кӀиркъулаан
[kʼirq͡χʼːulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
кӀиркъулароан
[kʼirq͡χʼːularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
кӀиркъе
[kˀirq͡χˀːe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
кӀиркъуге
[kˀirq͡χˀːuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
кӀиркъеги
[kʼirq͡χʼːegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
кӀиркъугеги
[kˀirq͡χˀːugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
кӀиркъизин
[kˀirq͡χˀːizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
кӀиркъани
[kˀirq͡χˀːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
кӀиркъичӀони
[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
кӀиркъанищ
[kˀirq͡χˀːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀиркъичӀищ
[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀиркъулищ
[kˀirq͡χˀːuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀиркъуларищ
[kˀirq͡χˀːulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
кӀиркъилищ
[kˀirq͡χˀːiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
кӀиркъиларищ
[kˀirq͡χˀːilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
кӀиркъарав
/[kˀirq͡χˀːaraw]/
0
|
кӀиркъарай
/[kˀirq͡χˀːaraj]/
0
|
кӀиркъараб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːarab]/
0
|
кӀиркъарал
/[kˀirq͡χˀːaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
кӀиркъичӀев
/[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
кӀиркъичӀей
/[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
кӀиркъичӀеб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
кӀиркъичӀел
/[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
кӀиркъулев
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulew]/
0
|
кӀиркъулей
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulej]/
0
|
кӀиркъулеб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːuleb]/
0
|
кӀиркъулел
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
кӀиркъуларев
/[kˀirq͡χˀːularew]/
0
|
кӀиркъуларей
/[kˀirq͡χˀːularej]/
0
|
кӀиркъулареб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːulareb]/
0
|
кӀиркъуларел
/[kˀirq͡χˀːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
кӀиркъилев
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilew]/
0
|
кӀиркъилей
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilej]/
0
|
кӀиркъилеб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːileb]/
0
|
кӀиркъилел
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
кӀиркъиларев
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilarew]/
0
|
кӀиркъиларей
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilarej]/
0
|
кӀиркъилареб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilareb]/
0
|
кӀиркъиларел
/[kˀirq͡χˀːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
кӀиркъизехъин
[kˀirq͡χˀːizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
кӀиркъизехъинро
[kˀirq͡χˀːizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
кӀиркъеяв
/[kˀirq͡χˀːejaw]/
0
|
кӀиркъеяй
/[kˀirq͡χˀːejaj]/
0
|
кӀиркъеяб
/[kˀirq͡χˀːejab]/
0
|
кӀиркъеял
/[kʼirq͡χʼːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
кӀиркъарав
0
|
кӀиркъарай
0
|
кӀиркъараб
0
|
кӀиркъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
кӀиркъарас
0
|
кӀиркъаралъ
0
|
кӀиркъаралъ
0
|
кӀиркъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
кӀиркъарасул
0
|
кӀиркъаралъул
0
|
кӀиркъаралъул
0
|
кӀиркъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
кӀиркъарасе
0
|
кӀиркъаралъе
0
|
кӀиркъаралъе
0
|
кӀиркъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
кӀиркъарасда
0
|
кӀиркъаралъда
0
|
кӀиркъаралъда
0
|
кӀиркъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
кӀиркъарасде
0
|
кӀиркъаралъде
0
|
кӀиркъаралъде
0
|
кӀиркъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
кӀиркъарасдаса
0
|
кӀиркъаралъдаса
0
|
кӀиркъаралъдаса
0
|
кӀиркъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
кӀиркъарасдасан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъдасан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъдасан
0
|
кӀиркъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
кӀиркъарасухъ
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъ
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъ
0
|
кӀиркъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
кӀиркъарасухъе
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъе
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъе
0
|
кӀиркъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
кӀиркъарасухъа
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъа
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъа
0
|
кӀиркъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
кӀиркъарасухъан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъухъан
0
|
кӀиркъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
кӀиркъарасулъ
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъ
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъ
0
|
кӀиркъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
кӀиркъарасулъе
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъе
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъе
0
|
кӀиркъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
кӀиркъарасулъа
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъа
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъа
0
|
кӀиркъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
кӀиркъарасулъан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъулъан
0
|
кӀиркъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
кӀиркъарасукь
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукь
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукь
0
|
кӀиркъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
кӀиркъарасукье
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукье
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукье
0
|
кӀиркъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
кӀиркъарасукьа
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукьа
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукьа
0
|
кӀиркъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
кӀиркъарасукьан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукьан
0
|
кӀиркъаралъукьан
0
|
кӀиркъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
кӀиркъун
[kʼirq͡χʼːun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
кӀиркъун
[kˀirq͡χˀːun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
кӀиркъичӀого
[kˀirq͡χˀːit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
кӀиркъулаго
[kˀirq͡χˀːulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
кӀиркъуларого
[kˀirq͡χˀːularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
кӀиркъи
[kˀirq͡χˀːi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
кӀиркъизе
[kˀirq͡χˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
кӀиркъизавизе
/[kʼirq͡χʼːizawize]/
0
|
кӀиркъизайизе
/[kʼirq͡χʼːizajize]/
0
|
кӀиркъизабизе
/[kˀirq͡χˀːizabize]/
0
|
кӀиркъизаризе
/[kʼirq͡χʼːizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
кӀиркъизавуларо
/[kʼirq͡χʼːizawularo]/
0
|
кӀиркъизайуларо
/[kʼirq͡χʼːizajularo]/
0
|
кӀиркъизабуларо
/[kˀirq͡χˀːizabularo]/
0
|
кӀиркъизаруларо
/[kʼirq͡χʼːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
кӀиркъиаризе
[kˀirq͡χˀːijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
кӀиркъиариларо
[kˀirq͡χˀːijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
кӀиркъ-кӀиркъизе
[kˀirq͡χˀː-kˀirq͡χˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
кӀиркъ-кӀиркъиларо
[kˀirq͡χˀː-kˀirq͡χˀːilaro]
0
|
|||