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🌐 Translations
Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: hhanch'eze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
189492
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ħant͡ʃʼolew wugo]/ |
/[ħant͡ʃʼolej jigo]/ |
/[ħant͡ʃʼoleb bugo]/ |
/[ħant͡ʃʼolel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ħant͡ʃʼolew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ħant͡ʃʼolej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ħant͡ʃʼoleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[ħant͡ʃʼolel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хӀанчӀена
[ħant͡ʃʼena]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хӀанчӀечӀо
[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хӀанчӀела
[ħant͡ʃʼela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хӀанчӀеларо
[ħant͡ʃʼelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хӀанчӀола
[ħant͡ʃʼola]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хӀанчӀоларо
[ħant͡ʃʼolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хӀанчӀолаан
[ħant͡ʃʼolajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хӀанчӀолароан
[ħant͡ʃʼolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хӀанчӀе
[ħant͡ʃʼe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хӀанчӀоге
[ħant͡ʃʼoge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хӀанчӀеги
[ħant͡ʃʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хӀанчӀогеги
[ħant͡ʃʼogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хӀанчӀезин
[ħant͡ʃʼezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хӀанчӀени
[ħant͡ʃʼeni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хӀанчӀечӀони
[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀанчӀенищ
[ħant͡ʃʼeniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀанчӀечӀищ
[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀанчӀолищ
[ħant͡ʃʼoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀанчӀоларищ
[ħant͡ʃʼolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀанчӀелищ
[ħant͡ʃʼeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀанчӀеларищ
[ħant͡ʃʼelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хӀанчӀерав
/[ħant͡ʃʼeraw]/
0
|
хӀанчӀерай
/[ħant͡ʃʼeraj]/
0
|
хӀанчӀераб
/[ħant͡ʃʼerab]/
0
|
хӀанчӀерал
/[ħant͡ʃʼeral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хӀанчӀечӀев
/[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
хӀанчӀечӀей
/[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
хӀанчӀечӀеб
/[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
хӀанчӀечӀел
/[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хӀанчӀолев
/[ħant͡ʃʼolew]/
0
|
хӀанчӀолей
/[ħant͡ʃʼolej]/
0
|
хӀанчӀолеб
/[ħant͡ʃʼoleb]/
0
|
хӀанчӀолел
/[ħant͡ʃʼolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хӀанчӀоларев
/[ħant͡ʃʼolarew]/
0
|
хӀанчӀоларей
/[ħant͡ʃʼolarej]/
0
|
хӀанчӀолареб
/[ħant͡ʃʼolareb]/
0
|
хӀанчӀоларел
/[ħant͡ʃʼolarel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle |
хӀанчӀелев
/[ħant͡ʃʼelew]/
0
|
хӀанчӀелей
/[ħant͡ʃʼelej]/
0
|
хӀанчӀелеб
/[ħant͡ʃʼeleb]/
0
|
хӀанчӀелел
/[ħant͡ʃʼelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хӀанчӀеларев
/[ħant͡ʃʼelarew]/
0
|
хӀанчӀеларей
/[ħant͡ʃʼelarej]/
0
|
хӀанчӀелареб
/[ħant͡ʃʼelareb]/
0
|
хӀанчӀеларел
/[ħant͡ʃʼelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хӀанчӀезехъин
[ħant͡ʃʼezeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хӀанчӀезехъинро
[ħant͡ʃʼezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хӀанчӀеяв
/[ħant͡ʃʼejaw]/
0
|
хӀанчӀеяй
/[ħant͡ʃʼejaj]/
0
|
хӀанчӀеяб
/[ħant͡ʃʼejab]/
0
|
хӀанчӀеял
/[ħant͡ʃʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хӀанчӀерав
0
|
хӀанчӀерай
0
|
хӀанчӀераб
0
|
хӀанчӀерал
0
|
| Ergative |
хӀанчӀерас
0
|
хӀанчӀералъ
0
|
хӀанчӀералъ
0
|
хӀанчӀераз
0
|
| Genitive |
хӀанчӀерасул
0
|
хӀанчӀералъул
0
|
хӀанчӀералъул
0
|
хӀанчӀеразул
0
|
| Dative |
хӀанчӀерасе
0
|
хӀанчӀералъе
0
|
хӀанчӀералъе
0
|
хӀанчӀеразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хӀанчӀерасда
0
|
хӀанчӀералъда
0
|
хӀанчӀералъда
0
|
хӀанчӀеразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хӀанчӀерасде
0
|
хӀанчӀералъде
0
|
хӀанчӀералъде
0
|
хӀанчӀеразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хӀанчӀерасдаса
0
|
хӀанчӀералъдаса
0
|
хӀанчӀералъдаса
0
|
хӀанчӀераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хӀанчӀерасдасан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъдасан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъдасан
0
|
хӀанчӀераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хӀанчӀерасухъ
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъ
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъ
0
|
хӀанчӀеразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хӀанчӀерасухъе
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъе
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъе
0
|
хӀанчӀеразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хӀанчӀерасухъа
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъа
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъа
0
|
хӀанчӀеразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хӀанчӀерасухъан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъухъан
0
|
хӀанчӀеразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хӀанчӀерасулъ
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъ
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъ
0
|
хӀанчӀеразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хӀанчӀерасулъе
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъе
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъе
0
|
хӀанчӀеразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хӀанчӀерасулъа
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъа
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъа
0
|
хӀанчӀеразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хӀанчӀерасулъан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъулъан
0
|
хӀанчӀеразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хӀанчӀерасукь
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукь
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукь
0
|
хӀанчӀеразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хӀанчӀерасукье
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукье
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукье
0
|
хӀанчӀеразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хӀанчӀерасукьа
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукьа
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукьа
0
|
хӀанчӀеразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хӀанчӀерасукьан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукьан
0
|
хӀанчӀералъукьан
0
|
хӀанчӀеразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хӀанчӀон
[ħant͡ʃʼon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хӀанчӀон
[ħant͡ʃʼon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хӀанчӀечӀого
[ħant͡ʃʼet͡ʃʼogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хӀанчӀолаго
[ħant͡ʃʼolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хӀанчӀоларого
[ħant͡ʃʼolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хӀанчӀей
[ħant͡ʃʼej]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хӀанчӀезе
[ħant͡ʃʼeze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
хӀанчӀезавизе
/[ħant͡ʃʼezawize]/
0
|
хӀанчӀезайизе
/[ħant͡ʃʼezajize]/
0
|
хӀанчӀезабизе
/[ħant͡ʃʼezabize]/
0
|
хӀанчӀезаризе
/[ħant͡ʃʼezarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хӀанчӀезавуларо
/[ħant͡ʃʼezawularo]/
0
|
хӀанчӀезайуларо
/[ħant͡ʃʼezajularo]/
0
|
хӀанчӀезабуларо
/[ħant͡ʃʼezabularo]/
0
|
хӀанчӀезаруларо
/[ħant͡ʃʼezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хӀанчӀеаризе
[ħant͡ʃʼejarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хӀанчӀеариларо
[ħant͡ʃʼejarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хӀанчӀ-хӀанчӀезе
[ħant͡ʃʼ-ħant͡ʃʼeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хӀанчӀ-хӀанчӀеларо
[ħant͡ʃʼ-ħant͡ʃʼelaro]
0
|
|||