Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
любить
сдаться
понадобиться
пригодиться
требоваться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: hhazhalhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
190746
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
25
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ħaʒaɬulew wugo]/ |
/[ħaʒaɬulej jigo]/ |
/[ħaʒaɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[ħaʒaɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ħaʒaɬulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħaʒaɬulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħaʒaɬuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħaʒaɬulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хӀажалъана
[ħaʒaɬana]
🔒
34
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хӀажалъичӀо
[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
10
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хӀажалъила
[ħaʒaɬila]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хӀажалъиларо
[ħaʒaɬilaro]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Constative |
хӀажалъула
[ħaʒaɬula]
🔒
169
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хӀажалъуларо
[ħaʒaɬularo]
🔒
34
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хӀажалъулаан
[ħaʒaɬulajan]
🔒
5
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хӀажалъулароан
[ħaʒaɬularojan]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хӀажалъе
[ħaʒaɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хӀажалъуге
[ħaʒaɬuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хӀажалъеги
[ħaʒaɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хӀажалъугеги
[ħaʒaɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хӀажалъизин
[ħaʒaɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хӀажалъани
[ħaʒaɬani]
🔒
42
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хӀажалъичӀони
[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀoni]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀажалъанищ
[ħaʒaɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀажалъичӀищ
[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀажалъулищ
[ħaʒaɬuliʃː]
🔒
2
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀажалъуларищ
[ħaʒaɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀажалъилищ
[ħaʒaɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀажалъиларищ
[ħaʒaɬilariʃː]
🔒
1
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хӀажалъарав
/[ħaʒaɬaraw]/
🔒
2
|
хӀажалъарай
/[ħaʒaɬaraj]/
🔒
0
|
хӀажалъараб
/[ħaʒaɬarab]/
🔒
13
|
хӀажалъарал
/[ħaʒaɬaral]/
🔒
5
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хӀажалъичӀев
/[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀew]/
🔒
0
|
хӀажалъичӀей
/[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀej]/
🔒
0
|
хӀажалъичӀеб
/[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀeb]/
🔒
4
|
хӀажалъичӀел
/[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀel]/
🔒
3
|
| Present Participle |
хӀажалъулев
/[ħaʒaɬulew]/
🔒
3
|
хӀажалъулей
/[ħaʒaɬulej]/
🔒
3
|
хӀажалъулеб
/[ħaʒaɬuleb]/
🔒
137
|
хӀажалъулел
/[ħaʒaɬulel]/
🔒
70
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хӀажалъуларев
/[ħaʒaɬularew]/
🔒
4
|
хӀажалъуларей
/[ħaʒaɬularej]/
🔒
0
|
хӀажалъулареб
/[ħaʒaɬulareb]/
🔒
13
|
хӀажалъуларел
/[ħaʒaɬularel]/
🔒
2
|
| Future Participle |
хӀажалъилев
/[ħaʒaɬilew]/
🔒
0
|
хӀажалъилей
/[ħaʒaɬilej]/
🔒
0
|
хӀажалъилеб
/[ħaʒaɬileb]/
🔒
3
|
хӀажалъилел
/[ħaʒaɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хӀажалъиларев
/[ħaʒaɬilarew]/
0
|
хӀажалъиларей
/[ħaʒaɬilarej]/
0
|
хӀажалъилареб
/[ħaʒaɬilareb]/
0
|
хӀажалъиларел
/[ħaʒaɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хӀажалъизехъин
[ħaʒaɬizeq͡χːin]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хӀажалъизехъинро
[ħaʒaɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хӀажалъеяв
/[ħaʒaɬejaw]/
0
|
хӀажалъеяй
/[ħaʒaɬejaj]/
0
|
хӀажалъеяб
/[ħaʒaɬejab]/
0
|
хӀажалъеял
/[ħaʒaɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хӀажалъарав
2
|
хӀажалъарай
0
|
хӀажалъараб
13
|
хӀажалъарал
5
|
| Ergative |
хӀажалъарас
0
|
хӀажалъаралъ
0
|
хӀажалъаралъ
0
|
хӀажалъараз
1
|
| Genitive |
хӀажалъарасул
0
|
хӀажалъаралъул
0
|
хӀажалъаралъул
0
|
хӀажалъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хӀажалъарасе
1
|
хӀажалъаралъе
0
|
хӀажалъаралъе
0
|
хӀажалъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хӀажалъарасда
0
|
хӀажалъаралъда
0
|
хӀажалъаралъда
0
|
хӀажалъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хӀажалъарасде
0
|
хӀажалъаралъде
0
|
хӀажалъаралъде
0
|
хӀажалъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хӀажалъарасдаса
0
|
хӀажалъаралъдаса
0
|
хӀажалъаралъдаса
0
|
хӀажалъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хӀажалъарасдасан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъдасан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъдасан
0
|
хӀажалъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хӀажалъарасухъ
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъ
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъ
0
|
хӀажалъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хӀажалъарасухъе
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъе
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъе
0
|
хӀажалъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хӀажалъарасухъа
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъа
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъа
0
|
хӀажалъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хӀажалъарасухъан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъухъан
0
|
хӀажалъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хӀажалъарасулъ
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъ
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъ
0
|
хӀажалъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хӀажалъарасулъе
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъе
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъе
0
|
хӀажалъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хӀажалъарасулъа
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъа
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъа
0
|
хӀажалъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хӀажалъарасулъан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъулъан
0
|
хӀажалъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хӀажалъарасукь
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукь
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукь
0
|
хӀажалъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хӀажалъарасукье
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукье
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукье
0
|
хӀажалъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хӀажалъарасукьа
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукьа
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукьа
0
|
хӀажалъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хӀажалъарасукьан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукьан
0
|
хӀажалъаралъукьан
0
|
хӀажалъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хӀажалъун
[ħaʒaɬun]
🔒
31
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хӀажалъун
[ħaʒaɬun]
🔒
31
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хӀажалъичӀого
[ħaʒaɬit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хӀажалъулаго
[ħaʒaɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хӀажалъуларого
[ħaʒaɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хӀажалъи
[ħaʒaɬi]
🔒
412
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хӀажалъизе
[ħaʒaɬize]
🔒
25
|
|||
| Causative |
хӀажалъизавизе
/[ħaʒaɬizawize]/
0
|
хӀажалъизайизе
/[ħaʒaɬizajize]/
0
|
хӀажалъизабизе
/[ħaʒaɬizabize]/
0
|
хӀажалъизаризе
/[ħaʒaɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хӀажалъизавуларо
/[ħaʒaɬizawularo]/
0
|
хӀажалъизайуларо
/[ħaʒaɬizajularo]/
0
|
хӀажалъизабуларо
/[ħaʒaɬizabularo]/
0
|
хӀажалъизаруларо
/[ħaʒaɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хӀажалъиаризе
[ħaʒaɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хӀажалъиариларо
[ħaʒaɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хӀажалъ-хӀажалъизе
[ħaʒaɬ-ħaʒaɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хӀажалъ-хӀажалъиларо
[ħaʒaɬ-ħaʒaɬilaro]
0
|
|||