Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
манкировать
третировать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: hhangutʼize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
191030
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
2
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ħangutˀulew wugo]/ |
/[ħangutˀulej jigo]/ |
/[ħangutˀuleb bugo]/ |
/[ħangutˀulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ħangutˀulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħangutˀulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħangutˀuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ħangutˀulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
хӀангутӀана
[ħangutˀana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хӀангутӀичӀо
[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хӀангутӀила
[ħangutˀila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хӀангутӀиларо
[ħangutˀilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хӀангутӀула
[ħangutˀula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хӀангутӀуларо
[ħangutˀularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хӀангутӀулаан
[ħangutʼulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хӀангутӀулароан
[ħangutʼularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хӀангутӀе
[ħangutˀe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хӀангутӀуге
[ħangutˀuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хӀангутӀеги
[ħangutʼegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хӀангутӀугеги
[ħangutˀugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хӀангутӀизин
[ħangutˀizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хӀангутӀани
[ħangutˀani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хӀангутӀичӀони
[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀангутӀанищ
[ħangutˀaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀангутӀичӀищ
[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀангутӀулищ
[ħangutˀuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀангутӀуларищ
[ħangutˀulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хӀангутӀилищ
[ħangutˀiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хӀангутӀиларищ
[ħangutˀilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хӀангутӀарав
/[ħangutˀaraw]/
0
|
хӀангутӀарай
/[ħangutˀaraj]/
0
|
хӀангутӀараб
/[ħangutˀarab]/
0
|
хӀангутӀарал
/[ħangutˀaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хӀангутӀичӀев
/[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хӀангутӀичӀей
/[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хӀангутӀичӀеб
/[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хӀангутӀичӀел
/[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хӀангутӀулев
/[ħangutˀulew]/
0
|
хӀангутӀулей
/[ħangutˀulej]/
0
|
хӀангутӀулеб
/[ħangutˀuleb]/
0
|
хӀангутӀулел
/[ħangutˀulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хӀангутӀуларев
/[ħangutˀularew]/
0
|
хӀангутӀуларей
/[ħangutˀularej]/
0
|
хӀангутӀулареб
/[ħangutˀulareb]/
0
|
хӀангутӀуларел
/[ħangutˀularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хӀангутӀилев
/[ħangutˀilew]/
0
|
хӀангутӀилей
/[ħangutˀilej]/
0
|
хӀангутӀилеб
/[ħangutˀileb]/
0
|
хӀангутӀилел
/[ħangutˀilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хӀангутӀиларев
/[ħangutˀilarew]/
0
|
хӀангутӀиларей
/[ħangutˀilarej]/
0
|
хӀангутӀилареб
/[ħangutˀilareb]/
0
|
хӀангутӀиларел
/[ħangutˀilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хӀангутӀизехъин
[ħangutˀizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хӀангутӀизехъинро
[ħangutˀizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хӀангутӀеяв
/[ħangutˀejaw]/
0
|
хӀангутӀеяй
/[ħangutˀejaj]/
0
|
хӀангутӀеяб
/[ħangutˀejab]/
0
|
хӀангутӀеял
/[ħangutʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хӀангутӀарав
0
|
хӀангутӀарай
0
|
хӀангутӀараб
0
|
хӀангутӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хӀангутӀарас
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъ
0
|
хӀангутӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хӀангутӀарасул
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъул
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъул
0
|
хӀангутӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хӀангутӀарасе
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хӀангутӀарасда
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъда
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъда
0
|
хӀангутӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хӀангутӀарасде
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъде
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъде
0
|
хӀангутӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хӀангутӀарасдаса
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъдаса
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъдаса
0
|
хӀангутӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хӀангутӀарасдасан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъдасан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъдасан
0
|
хӀангутӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хӀангутӀарасухъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хӀангутӀарасухъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хӀангутӀарасухъа
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъа
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъа
0
|
хӀангутӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хӀангутӀарасухъан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъухъан
0
|
хӀангутӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хӀангутӀарасулъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъ
0
|
хӀангутӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хӀангутӀарасулъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъе
0
|
хӀангутӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хӀангутӀарасулъа
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъа
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъа
0
|
хӀангутӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хӀангутӀарасулъан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъулъан
0
|
хӀангутӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хӀангутӀарасукь
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукь
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукь
0
|
хӀангутӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хӀангутӀарасукье
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукье
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукье
0
|
хӀангутӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хӀангутӀарасукьа
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукьа
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукьа
0
|
хӀангутӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хӀангутӀарасукьан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукьан
0
|
хӀангутӀаралъукьан
0
|
хӀангутӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хӀангутӀун
[ħangutʼun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хӀангутӀун
[ħangutˀun]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хӀангутӀичӀого
[ħangutˀit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хӀангутӀулаго
[ħangutˀulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хӀангутӀуларого
[ħangutˀularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хӀангутӀи
[ħangutˀi]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хӀангутӀизе
[ħangutˀize]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Causative |
хӀангутӀизавизе
/[ħangutʼizawize]/
0
|
хӀангутӀизайизе
/[ħangutʼizajize]/
0
|
хӀангутӀизабизе
/[ħangutˀizabize]/
0
|
хӀангутӀизаризе
/[ħangutʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хӀангутӀизавуларо
/[ħangutʼizawularo]/
0
|
хӀангутӀизайуларо
/[ħangutʼizajularo]/
0
|
хӀангутӀизабуларо
/[ħangutˀizabularo]/
0
|
хӀангутӀизаруларо
/[ħangutʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хӀангутӀиаризе
[ħangutˀijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хӀангутӀиариларо
[ħangutˀijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хӀангутӀ-хӀангутӀизе
[ħangutˀ-ħangutˀize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хӀангутӀ-хӀангутӀиларо
[ħangutˀ-ħangutˀilaro]
0
|
|||