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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: rakʼaraze
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
193059
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[rakˀaralew wugo]/ |
/[rakˀaralej jigo]/ |
/[rakˀaraleb bugo]/ |
/[rakˀaralel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[rakˀaralew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[rakˀaralej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[rakˀaraleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[rakˀaralel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
ракӀарана
[rakˀarana]
🔒
107
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
ракӀарачӀо
[rakˀarat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
ракӀарала
[rakˀarala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
ракӀараларо
[rakˀaralaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
ракӀарала
[rakˀarala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
ракӀараларо
[rakˀaralaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
ракӀаралаан
[rakʼaralajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
ракӀаралароан
[rakʼaralarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
ракӀара
[rakˀara]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
ракӀараге
[rakˀarage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
ракӀараги
[rakˀaragi]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
ракӀарагеги
[rakˀaragegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
ракӀаразин
[rakˀarazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
ракӀарани
[rakˀarani]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
ракӀарачӀони
[rakˀarat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
ракӀаранищ
[rakˀaraniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
ракӀарачӀищ
[rakˀarat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
ракӀаралищ
[rakˀaraliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
ракӀараларищ
[rakˀaralariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
ракӀаралищ
[rakˀaraliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
ракӀараларищ
[rakˀaralariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
ракӀарарав
/[rakˀararaw]/
🔒
1
|
ракӀарарай
/[rakˀararaj]/
🔒
1
|
ракӀарараб
/[rakˀararab]/
🔒
36
|
ракӀарарал
/[rakˀararal]/
🔒
84
|
| Past Participle Negative |
ракӀарачӀев
/[rakˀarat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
ракӀарачӀей
/[rakˀarat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
ракӀарачӀеб
/[rakˀarat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
ракӀарачӀел
/[rakˀarat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
ракӀаралев
/[rakˀaralew]/
0
|
ракӀаралей
/[rakˀaralej]/
0
|
ракӀаралеб
/[rakˀaraleb]/
0
|
ракӀаралел
/[rakˀaralel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
ракӀараларев
/[rakˀaralarew]/
0
|
ракӀараларей
/[rakˀaralarej]/
0
|
ракӀаралареб
/[rakˀaralareb]/
0
|
ракӀараларел
/[rakˀaralarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
ракӀаралев
/[rakˀaralew]/
0
|
ракӀаралей
/[rakˀaralej]/
0
|
ракӀаралеб
/[rakˀaraleb]/
0
|
ракӀаралел
/[rakˀaralel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
ракӀараларев
/[rakˀaralarew]/
0
|
ракӀараларей
/[rakˀaralarej]/
0
|
ракӀаралареб
/[rakˀaralareb]/
0
|
ракӀараларел
/[rakˀaralarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
ракӀаразехъин
[rakˀarazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
ракӀаразехъинро
[rakˀarazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
ракӀараяв
/[rakˀarajaw]/
0
|
ракӀараяй
/[rakˀarajaj]/
0
|
ракӀараяб
/[rakˀarajab]/
0
|
ракӀараял
/[rakʼarajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
ракӀарарав
1
|
ракӀарарай
1
|
ракӀарараб
36
|
ракӀарарал
84
|
| Ergative |
ракӀарарас
0
|
ракӀараралъ
0
|
ракӀараралъ
0
|
ракӀарараз
16
|
| Genitive |
ракӀарарасул
0
|
ракӀараралъул
0
|
ракӀараралъул
0
|
ракӀараразул
5
|
| Dative |
ракӀарарасе
0
|
ракӀараралъе
0
|
ракӀараралъе
0
|
ракӀараразе
5
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
ракӀарарасда
0
|
ракӀараралъда
0
|
ракӀараралъда
0
|
ракӀараразда
18
|
| Allative (-де) |
ракӀарарасде
0
|
ракӀараралъде
0
|
ракӀараралъде
0
|
ракӀараразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
ракӀарарасдаса
0
|
ракӀараралъдаса
0
|
ракӀараралъдаса
0
|
ракӀарараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
ракӀарарасдасан
0
|
ракӀараралъдасан
0
|
ракӀараралъдасан
0
|
ракӀарараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
ракӀарарасухъ
0
|
ракӀараралъухъ
2
|
ракӀараралъухъ
2
|
ракӀараразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
ракӀарарасухъе
0
|
ракӀараралъухъе
0
|
ракӀараралъухъе
0
|
ракӀараразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
ракӀарарасухъа
0
|
ракӀараралъухъа
0
|
ракӀараралъухъа
0
|
ракӀараразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
ракӀарарасухъан
0
|
ракӀараралъухъан
0
|
ракӀараралъухъан
0
|
ракӀараразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
ракӀарарасулъ
0
|
ракӀараралъулъ
0
|
ракӀараралъулъ
0
|
ракӀараразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
ракӀарарасулъе
0
|
ракӀараралъулъе
0
|
ракӀараралъулъе
0
|
ракӀараразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
ракӀарарасулъа
0
|
ракӀараралъулъа
0
|
ракӀараралъулъа
0
|
ракӀараразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
ракӀарарасулъан
0
|
ракӀараралъулъан
0
|
ракӀараралъулъан
0
|
ракӀараразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
ракӀарарасукь
0
|
ракӀараралъукь
0
|
ракӀараралъукь
0
|
ракӀараразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
ракӀарарасукье
0
|
ракӀараралъукье
0
|
ракӀараралъукье
0
|
ракӀараразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
ракӀарарасукьа
0
|
ракӀараралъукьа
0
|
ракӀараралъукьа
0
|
ракӀараразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
ракӀарарасукьан
0
|
ракӀараралъукьан
0
|
ракӀараралъукьан
0
|
ракӀараразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
ракӀаран
[rakʼaran]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
ракӀаран
[rakˀaran]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
ракӀарачӀого
[rakˀarat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
ракӀаралаго
[rakˀaralago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
ракӀараларого
[rakˀaralarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
ракӀарай
[rakˀaraj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
ракӀаразе
[rakˀaraze]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
ракӀаразавизе
/[rakʼarazawize]/
0
|
ракӀаразайизе
/[rakʼarazajize]/
0
|
ракӀаразабизе
/[rakˀarazabize]/
0
|
ракӀаразаризе
/[rakʼarazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
ракӀаразавуларо
/[rakʼarazawularo]/
0
|
ракӀаразайуларо
/[rakʼarazajularo]/
0
|
ракӀаразабуларо
/[rakˀarazabularo]/
0
|
ракӀаразаруларо
/[rakʼarazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
ракӀарааризе
[rakˀarajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
ракӀараариларо
[rakˀarajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
ракӀара-ракӀаразе
[rakˀara-rakˀaraze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
ракӀара-ракӀараларо
[rakˀara-rakˀaralaro]
0
|
|||