Personal Notes
This word has other meanings (homographs).
View alternatives
🌐 Translations
Russian
нарвать; 1) дёргать, выдёргивать, выдернуть; (вы)щипать; 2) снимать, снять; собирать, собрать; убирать, убрать (плоды); 3) (перен.) (со)рвать что-л. у кого-л.; (за)брать; обирать; 4) (перен.) срывать
общипать
ощипать
порвать
пощипывать
рвать
теребить
щипать
English
1) to pull out, pluck out, pluck; 2) to gather, collect, harvest (fruits, crops); 3) (fig.) to strip, fleece, rob; 4) (fig.) to tear (e.g., face or hair in grief)
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Class-based
Yes
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: betʼize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
Yes
Verb Class
Class III
System Information
Database ID
193752
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
20
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
ветӀана
/[wetʼana]/
0
|
йетӀана
/[jetʼana]/
0
етӀана
/[ʔetʼana]/
0
|
бетӀана
/[betʼana]/
0
|
ретӀана
/[retˀana]/
🔒
34
|
| Past Simple Negative |
ветӀичӀо
/[wetʼit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
йетӀичӀо
/[jetʼit͡ʃʼo]/
0
етӀичӀо
/[ʔetʼit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
бетӀичӀо
/[betʼit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
ретӀичӀо
/[retʼit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
ветӀила
/[wetʼila]/
0
|
йетӀила
/[jetʼila]/
0
етӀила
/[ʔetʼila]/
0
|
бетӀила
/[betˀila]/
🔒
1
|
ретӀила
/[retˀila]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Simple Negative |
ветӀиларо
/[wetʼilaro]/
0
|
йетӀиларо
/[jetʼilaro]/
0
етӀиларо
/[ʔetʼilaro]/
0
|
бетӀиларо
/[betʼilaro]/
0
|
ретӀиларо
/[retʼilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
ветӀула
/[wetʼula]/
0
|
йетӀула
/[jetʼula]/
0
етӀула
/[ʔetʼula]/
0
|
бетӀула
/[betˀula]/
🔒
0
|
ретӀула
/[retʼula]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
ветӀуларо
/[wetʼularo]/
0
|
йетӀуларо
/[jetʼularo]/
0
етӀуларо
/[ʔetʼularo]/
0
|
бетӀуларо
/[betʼularo]/
0
|
ретӀуларо
/[retˀularo]/
🔒
1
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
ветӀулаан
/[wetʼulajan]/
0
|
йетӀулаан
/[jetʼulajan]/
0
етӀулаан
/[ʔetʼulajan]/
0
|
бетӀулаан
/[betʼulajan]/
0
|
ретӀулаан
/[retʼulajan]/
🔒
2
|
| Remote Past Negative |
ветӀулароан
/[wetʼularojan]/
0
|
йетӀулароан
/[jetʼularojan]/
0
етӀулароан
/[ʔetʼularojan]/
0
|
бетӀулароан
/[betʼularojan]/
0
|
ретӀулароан
/[retʼularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
ветӀе
/[wetʼe]/
0
|
йетӀе
/[jetʼe]/
0
етӀе
/[ʔetʼe]/
0
|
бетӀе
/[betˀe]/
🔒
16
|
ретӀе
/[retˀe]/
🔒
3
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
ветӀуге
/[wetʼuge]/
0
|
йетӀуге
/[jetʼuge]/
0
етӀуге
/[ʔetʼuge]/
0
|
бетӀуге
/[betʼuge]/
0
|
ретӀуге
/[retʼuge]/
0
|
| Optative |
ветӀеги
/[wetʼegi]/
0
|
йетӀеги
/[jetʼegi]/
0
етӀеги
/[ʔetʼegi]/
0
|
бетӀеги
/[betʼegi]/
🔒
1
|
ретӀеги
/[retʼegi]/
🔒
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
ветӀугеги
/[wetʼugegi]/
0
|
йетӀугеги
/[jetʼugegi]/
0
етӀугеги
/[ʔetʼugegi]/
0
|
бетӀугеги
/[betʼugegi]/
0
|
ретӀугеги
/[retʼugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
ветӀизин
/[wetʼizin]/
0
|
йетӀизин
/[jetʼizin]/
0
етӀизин
/[ʔetʼizin]/
0
|
бетӀизин
/[betʼizin]/
0
|
ретӀизин
/[retʼizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
ветӀани
/[wetʼani]/
0
|
йетӀани
/[jetʼani]/
0
етӀани
/[ʔetʼani]/
0
|
бетӀани
/[betʼani]/
0
|
ретӀани
/[retˀani]/
🔒
1
|
| Conditional Negative |
ветӀичӀони
/[wetʼit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
йетӀичӀони
/[jetʼit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
етӀичӀони
/[ʔetʼit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
бетӀичӀони
/[betʼit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
ретӀичӀони
/[retʼit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
ветӀанищ
/[wetʼaniʃː]/
0
|
йетӀанищ
/[jetʼaniʃː]/
0
етӀанищ
/[ʔetʼaniʃː]/
0
|
бетӀанищ
/[betʼaniʃː]/
0
|
ретӀанищ
/[retʼaniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
ветӀичӀищ
/[wetʼit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
йетӀичӀищ
/[jetʼit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
етӀичӀищ
/[ʔetʼit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
бетӀичӀищ
/[betʼit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
ретӀичӀищ
/[retʼit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
ветӀулищ
/[wetʼuliʃː]/
0
|
йетӀулищ
/[jetʼuliʃː]/
0
етӀулищ
/[ʔetʼuliʃː]/
0
|
бетӀулищ
/[betʼuliʃː]/
0
|
ретӀулищ
/[retʼuliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
ветӀуларищ
/[wetʼulariʃː]/
0
|
йетӀуларищ
/[jetʼulariʃː]/
0
етӀуларищ
/[ʔetʼulariʃː]/
0
|
бетӀуларищ
/[betʼulariʃː]/
0
|
ретӀуларищ
/[retʼulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
ветӀилищ
/[wetʼiliʃː]/
0
|
йетӀилищ
/[jetʼiliʃː]/
0
етӀилищ
/[ʔetʼiliʃː]/
0
|
бетӀилищ
/[betʼiliʃː]/
0
|
ретӀилищ
/[retʼiliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
ветӀиларищ
/[wetʼilariʃː]/
0
|
йетӀиларищ
/[jetʼilariʃː]/
0
етӀиларищ
/[ʔetʼilariʃː]/
0
|
бетӀиларищ
/[betʼilariʃː]/
0
|
ретӀиларищ
/[retʼilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
ветӀарав
/[wetʼaraw]/
0
|
йетӀарай
/[jetʼaraj]/
0
етӀарай
/[ʔetʼaraj]/
0
|
бетӀараб
/[betˀarab]/
🔒
3
|
ретӀарал
/[retˀaral]/
🔒
77
|
| Past Participle Negative |
ветӀичӀев
/[wetʼit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
йетӀичӀей
/[jetʼit͡ʃʼej]/
0
етӀичӀей
/[ʔetʼit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
бетӀичӀеб
/[betʼit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
ретӀичӀел
/[retʼit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
ветӀулев
/[wetʼulew]/
🔒
1
|
йетӀулей
/[jetʼulej]/
0
етӀулей
/[ʔetʼulej]/
0
|
бетӀулеб
/[betˀuleb]/
🔒
2
|
ретӀулел
/[retˀulel]/
🔒
7
|
| Present Participle Negative |
ветӀуларев
/[wetʼularew]/
0
|
йетӀуларей
/[jetʼularej]/
0
етӀуларей
/[ʔetʼularej]/
0
|
бетӀулареб
/[betʼulareb]/
0
|
ретӀуларел
/[retʼularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
ветӀилев
/[wetʼilew]/
0
|
йетӀилей
/[jetʼilej]/
0
етӀилей
/[ʔetʼilej]/
0
|
бетӀилеб
/[betʼileb]/
0
|
ретӀилел
/[retʼilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
ветӀиларев
/[wetʼilarew]/
0
|
йетӀиларей
/[jetʼilarej]/
0
етӀиларей
/[ʔetʼilarej]/
0
|
бетӀилареб
/[betʼilareb]/
0
|
ретӀиларел
/[retʼilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
ветӀизехъин
/[wetʼizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
йетӀизехъин
/[jetʼizeq͡χːin]/
0
етӀизехъин
/[ʔetʼizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
бетӀизехъин
/[betʼizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
ретӀизехъин
/[retʼizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
ветӀизехъинро
/[wetʼizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
йетӀизехъинро
/[jetʼizeq͡χːinro]/
0
етӀизехъинро
/[ʔetʼizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
бетӀизехъинро
/[betʼizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
ретӀизехъинро
/[retʼizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
ветӀеяв
/[wetʼejaw]/
0
|
йетӀеяй
/[jetʼejaj]/
0
етӀеяй
/[ʔetʼejaj]/
0
|
бетӀеяб
/[betʼejab]/
0
|
ретӀеял
/[retʼejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
ветӀарав
0
|
йетӀарай
0
етӀарай
0
|
бетӀараб
3
|
ретӀарал
77
|
| Ergative |
ветӀарас
0
|
йетӀаралъ
0
етӀаралъ
0
|
бетӀаралъ
0
|
ретӀараз
2
|
| Genitive |
ветӀарасул
0
|
йетӀаралъул
0
етӀаралъул
0
|
бетӀаралъул
0
|
ретӀаразул
2
|
| Dative |
ветӀарасе
0
|
йетӀаралъе
0
етӀаралъе
0
|
бетӀаралъе
0
|
ретӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
ветӀарасда
0
|
йетӀаралъда
0
етӀаралъда
0
|
бетӀаралъда
0
|
ретӀаразда
1
|
| Allative (-де) |
ветӀарасде
0
|
йетӀаралъде
0
етӀаралъде
0
|
бетӀаралъде
0
|
ретӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
ветӀарасдаса
0
|
йетӀаралъдаса
0
етӀаралъдаса
0
|
бетӀаралъдаса
0
|
ретӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
ветӀарасдасан
0
|
йетӀаралъдасан
0
етӀаралъдасан
0
|
бетӀаралъдасан
0
|
ретӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
ветӀарасухъ
0
|
йетӀаралъухъ
0
етӀаралъухъ
0
|
бетӀаралъухъ
0
|
ретӀаразухъ
1
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
ветӀарасухъе
0
|
йетӀаралъухъе
0
етӀаралъухъе
0
|
бетӀаралъухъе
0
|
ретӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
ветӀарасухъа
0
|
йетӀаралъухъа
0
етӀаралъухъа
0
|
бетӀаралъухъа
0
|
ретӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
ветӀарасухъан
0
|
йетӀаралъухъан
0
етӀаралъухъан
0
|
бетӀаралъухъан
0
|
ретӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
ветӀарасулъ
0
|
йетӀаралъулъ
0
етӀаралъулъ
0
|
бетӀаралъулъ
0
|
ретӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
ветӀарасулъе
0
|
йетӀаралъулъе
0
етӀаралъулъе
0
|
бетӀаралъулъе
0
|
ретӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
ветӀарасулъа
0
|
йетӀаралъулъа
0
етӀаралъулъа
0
|
бетӀаралъулъа
0
|
ретӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
ветӀарасулъан
0
|
йетӀаралъулъан
0
етӀаралъулъан
0
|
бетӀаралъулъан
0
|
ретӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
ветӀарасукь
0
|
йетӀаралъукь
0
етӀаралъукь
0
|
бетӀаралъукь
0
|
ретӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
ветӀарасукье
0
|
йетӀаралъукье
0
етӀаралъукье
0
|
бетӀаралъукье
0
|
ретӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
ветӀарасукьа
0
|
йетӀаралъукьа
0
етӀаралъукьа
0
|
бетӀаралъукьа
0
|
ретӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
ветӀарасукьан
0
|
йетӀаралъукьан
0
етӀаралъукьан
0
|
бетӀаралъукьан
0
|
ретӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
ветӀун
/[wetʼun]/
🔒
1
|
йетӀун
/[jetʼun]/
0
етӀун
/[ʔetʼun]/
0
|
бетӀун
/[betʼun]/
🔒
10
|
ретӀун
/[retʼun]/
🔒
223
|
| Adverbial Past |
ветӀун
/[wetˀun]/
🔒
1
|
йетӀун
/[jetʼun]/
0
етӀун
/[ʔetʼun]/
0
|
бетӀун
/[betˀun]/
🔒
10
|
ретӀун
/[retˀun]/
🔒
223
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
ветӀичӀого
/[wetʼit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
йетӀичӀого
/[jetʼit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
етӀичӀого
/[ʔetʼit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
бетӀичӀого
/[betʼit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
ретӀичӀого
/[retˀit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
2
|
| Adverbial General |
ветӀулаго
/[wetʼulago]/
0
|
йетӀулаго
/[jetʼulago]/
0
етӀулаго
/[ʔetʼulago]/
0
|
бетӀулаго
/[betˀulago]/
🔒
1
|
ретӀулаго
/[retʼulago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
ветӀуларого
/[wetʼularogo]/
0
|
йетӀуларого
/[jetʼularogo]/
0
етӀуларого
/[ʔetʼularogo]/
0
|
бетӀуларого
/[betʼularogo]/
0
|
ретӀуларого
/[retʼularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
ветӀи
/[wetʼi]/
0
|
йетӀи
/[jetʼi]/
0
етӀи
/[ʔetʼi]/
0
|
бетӀи
/[betʼi]/
0
|
ретӀи
/[retˀi]/
🔒
2
|
| Infinitive |
ветӀизе
/[wetʼize]/
0
|
йетӀизе
/[jetʼize]/
0
етӀизе
/[ʔetʼize]/
0
|
бетӀизе
/[betˀize]/
🔒
20
|
ретӀизе
/[retˀize]/
🔒
16
|
| Causative |
ветӀизавизе
/[wetʼizawize]/
0
|
йетӀизайизе
/[jetʼizajize]/
0
етӀизайизе
/[ʔetʼizajize]/
0
|
бетӀизабизе
/[betʼizabize]/
0
|
ретӀизаризе
/[retʼizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
ветӀизавуларо
/[wetʼizawularo]/
0
|
йетӀизайуларо
/[jetʼizajularo]/
0
етӀизайуларо
/[ʔetʼizajularo]/
0
|
бетӀизабуларо
/[betʼizabularo]/
0
|
ретӀизаруларо
/[retʼizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
ветӀиаризе
/[wetʼijarize]/
0
|
йетӀиаризе
/[jetʼijarize]/
0
етӀиаризе
/[ʔetʼijarize]/
0
|
бетӀиаризе
/[betʼijarize]/
0
|
ретӀиаризе
/[retʼijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
ветӀиариларо
/[wetʼijarilaro]/
0
|
йетӀиариларо
/[jetʼijarilaro]/
0
етӀиариларо
/[ʔetʼijarilaro]/
0
|
бетӀиариларо
/[betʼijarilaro]/
0
|
ретӀиариларо
/[retʼijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
ветӀ-ветӀизе
/[wetʼ-wetʼize]/
0
|
йетӀ-йетӀизе
/[jetʼ-jetʼize]/
0
етӀ-етӀизе
/[ʔetʼ-etʼize]/
0
|
бетӀ-бетӀизе
/[betʼ-betʼize]/
0
|
ретӀ-ретӀизе
/[retʼ-retʼize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
ветӀ-ветӀиларо
/[wetʼ-wetʼilaro]/
0
|
йетӀ-йетӀиларо
/[jetʼ-jetʼilaro]/
0
етӀ-етӀиларо
/[ʔetʼ-etʼilaro]/
0
|
бетӀ-бетӀиларо
/[betʼ-betʼilaro]/
0
|
ретӀ-ретӀиларо
/[retʼ-retʼilaro]/
0
|