Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
обалдеть
поглупеть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVCC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ghantlhize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
197833
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[ʕantɬulew wugo]/ |
/[ʕantɬulej jigo]/ |
/[ʕantɬuleb bugo]/ |
/[ʕantɬulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[ʕantɬulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʕantɬulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʕantɬuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[ʕantɬulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
гӀантлъана
[ʕantɬana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
гӀантлъичӀо
[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гӀантлъила
[ʕantɬila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гӀантлъиларо
[ʕantɬilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гӀантлъула
[ʕantɬula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
гӀантлъуларо
[ʕantɬularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
гӀантлъулаан
[ʕantɬulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
гӀантлъулароан
[ʕantɬularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гӀантлъе
[ʕantɬe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гӀантлъуге
[ʕantɬuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гӀантлъеги
[ʕantɬegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
гӀантлъугеги
[ʕantɬugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гӀантлъизин
[ʕantɬizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
гӀантлъани
[ʕantɬani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гӀантлъичӀони
[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гӀантлъанищ
[ʕantɬaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀантлъичӀищ
[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀантлъулищ
[ʕantɬuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀантлъуларищ
[ʕantɬulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гӀантлъилищ
[ʕantɬiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гӀантлъиларищ
[ʕantɬilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гӀантлъарав
/[ʕantɬaraw]/
0
|
гӀантлъарай
/[ʕantɬaraj]/
0
|
гӀантлъараб
/[ʕantɬarab]/
0
|
гӀантлъарал
/[ʕantɬaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гӀантлъичӀев
/[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гӀантлъичӀей
/[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гӀантлъичӀеб
/[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гӀантлъичӀел
/[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гӀантлъулев
/[ʕantɬulew]/
0
|
гӀантлъулей
/[ʕantɬulej]/
0
|
гӀантлъулеб
/[ʕantɬuleb]/
0
|
гӀантлъулел
/[ʕantɬulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гӀантлъуларев
/[ʕantɬularew]/
0
|
гӀантлъуларей
/[ʕantɬularej]/
0
|
гӀантлъулареб
/[ʕantɬulareb]/
0
|
гӀантлъуларел
/[ʕantɬularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гӀантлъилев
/[ʕantɬilew]/
0
|
гӀантлъилей
/[ʕantɬilej]/
0
|
гӀантлъилеб
/[ʕantɬileb]/
0
|
гӀантлъилел
/[ʕantɬilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гӀантлъиларев
/[ʕantɬilarew]/
0
|
гӀантлъиларей
/[ʕantɬilarej]/
0
|
гӀантлъилареб
/[ʕantɬilareb]/
0
|
гӀантлъиларел
/[ʕantɬilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гӀантлъизехъин
[ʕantɬizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
гӀантлъизехъинро
[ʕantɬizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гӀантлъеяв
/[ʕantɬejaw]/
0
|
гӀантлъеяй
/[ʕantɬejaj]/
0
|
гӀантлъеяб
/[ʕantɬejab]/
0
|
гӀантлъеял
/[ʕantɬejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гӀантлъарав
0
|
гӀантлъарай
0
|
гӀантлъараб
0
|
гӀантлъарал
0
|
| Ergative |
гӀантлъарас
0
|
гӀантлъаралъ
0
|
гӀантлъаралъ
0
|
гӀантлъараз
0
|
| Genitive |
гӀантлъарасул
0
|
гӀантлъаралъул
0
|
гӀантлъаралъул
0
|
гӀантлъаразул
0
|
| Dative |
гӀантлъарасе
0
|
гӀантлъаралъе
0
|
гӀантлъаралъе
0
|
гӀантлъаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гӀантлъарасда
0
|
гӀантлъаралъда
0
|
гӀантлъаралъда
0
|
гӀантлъаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гӀантлъарасде
0
|
гӀантлъаралъде
0
|
гӀантлъаралъде
0
|
гӀантлъаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гӀантлъарасдаса
0
|
гӀантлъаралъдаса
0
|
гӀантлъаралъдаса
0
|
гӀантлъараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гӀантлъарасдасан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъдасан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъдасан
0
|
гӀантлъараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гӀантлъарасухъ
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъ
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъ
0
|
гӀантлъаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гӀантлъарасухъе
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъе
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъе
0
|
гӀантлъаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гӀантлъарасухъа
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъа
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъа
0
|
гӀантлъаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гӀантлъарасухъан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъухъан
0
|
гӀантлъаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гӀантлъарасулъ
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъ
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъ
0
|
гӀантлъаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гӀантлъарасулъе
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъе
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъе
0
|
гӀантлъаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гӀантлъарасулъа
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъа
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъа
0
|
гӀантлъаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гӀантлъарасулъан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъулъан
0
|
гӀантлъаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гӀантлъарасукь
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукь
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукь
0
|
гӀантлъаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гӀантлъарасукье
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукье
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукье
0
|
гӀантлъаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гӀантлъарасукьа
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукьа
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукьа
0
|
гӀантлъаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гӀантлъарасукьан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукьан
0
|
гӀантлъаралъукьан
0
|
гӀантлъаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гӀантлъун
[ʕantɬun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гӀантлъун
[ʕantɬun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гӀантлъичӀого
[ʕantɬit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гӀантлъулаго
[ʕantɬulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гӀантлъуларого
[ʕantɬularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гӀантлъи
[ʕantɬi]
🔒
13
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гӀантлъизе
[ʕantɬize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
гӀантлъизавизе
/[ʕantɬizawize]/
0
|
гӀантлъизайизе
/[ʕantɬizajize]/
0
|
гӀантлъизабизе
/[ʕantɬizabize]/
0
|
гӀантлъизаризе
/[ʕantɬizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гӀантлъизавуларо
/[ʕantɬizawularo]/
0
|
гӀантлъизайуларо
/[ʕantɬizajularo]/
0
|
гӀантлъизабуларо
/[ʕantɬizabularo]/
0
|
гӀантлъизаруларо
/[ʕantɬizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гӀантлъиаризе
[ʕantɬijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
гӀантлъиариларо
[ʕantɬijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гӀантлъ-гӀантлъизе
[ʕantɬ-ʕantɬize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гӀантлъ-гӀантлъиларо
[ʕantɬ-ʕantɬilaro]
0
|
|||