Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
обрушить; разрушать; (с)ломать; разорять; нарушать; расстраивать (желудок)
обрушить; разрушать; (с)ломать; разорять; нарушать; расстраивать (желудок)
крушить
несокрушимый
осыпать
громить
испугать
рушить
обвалить
опрокинуть
опустошить
провалить
разбомбить
развалить
разладить
разломать
разрушить
раскассировать
распустить
расстроить
сокрушить
упразднить
разорить
ломать
English
to destroy; to break; to ruin; to violate; to upset (stomach)
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Class-based
Yes
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 5
ASCII: bikhkhizabize
Source Verb
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Causative
Class-based
Yes
Verb Class
Class III
System Information
Database ID
199026
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
50
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[wiχːizawulew wugo]/ |
/[jiχːizajulej jigo]/ |
/[biχːizabuleb bugo]/ |
/[riχːizarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[wiχːizawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[jiχːizajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[biχːizabuleb het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[riχːizarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
виххизавуна
/[wiχːizawuna]/
🔒
3
|
йиххизайуна
/[jiχːizajuna]/
0
|
биххизабуна
/[biχːizabuna]/
🔒
45
|
риххизаруна
/[riχːizaruna]/
🔒
24
|
| Past Simple Negative |
виххизавичӀо
/[wiχːizawit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
йиххизайичӀо
/[jiχːizajit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
биххизабичӀо
/[biχːizabit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
риххизаричӀо
/[riχːizarit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
виххизавила
/[wiχːizawila]/
0
|
йиххизайила
/[jiχːizajila]/
0
|
биххизабила
/[biχːizabila]/
0
|
риххизарила
/[riχːizarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
виххизавиларо
/[wiχːizawilaro]/
0
|
йиххизайиларо
/[jiχːizajilaro]/
0
|
биххизабиларо
/[biχːizabilaro]/
0
|
риххизариларо
/[riχːizarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
виххизавула
/[wiχːizawula]/
🔒
2
|
йиххизайула
/[jiχːizajula]/
0
|
биххизабула
/[biχːizabula]/
🔒
11
|
риххизарула
/[riχːizarula]/
🔒
11
|
| Constative Negative |
виххизавуларо
/[wiχːizawularo]/
0
|
йиххизайуларо
/[jiχːizajularo]/
0
|
биххизабуларо
/[biχːizabularo]/
0
|
риххизаруларо
/[riχːizarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
виххизавулаан
/[wiχːizawulajan]/
0
|
йиххизайулаан
/[jiχːizajulajan]/
0
|
биххизабулаан
/[biχːizabulajan]/
🔒
2
|
риххизарулаан
/[riχːizarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
виххизавулароан
/[wiχːizawularojan]/
0
|
йиххизайулароан
/[jiχːizajularojan]/
0
|
биххизабулароан
/[biχːizabularojan]/
0
|
риххизарулароан
/[riχːizarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
виххизаве
/[wiχːizawe]/
0
|
йиххизайе
/[jiχːizaje]/
0
|
биххизабе
/[biχːizabe]/
🔒
0
|
риххизаре
/[riχːizare]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
виххизавуге
/[wiχːizawuge]/
0
|
йиххизайуге
/[jiχːizajuge]/
0
|
биххизабуге
/[biχːizabuge]/
0
|
риххизаруге
/[riχːizaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
виххизавеги
/[wiχːizawegi]/
0
|
йиххизайеги
/[jiχːizajegi]/
0
|
биххизабеги
/[biχːizabegi]/
0
|
риххизареги
/[riχːizaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
виххизавугеги
/[wiχːizawugegi]/
0
|
йиххизайугеги
/[jiχːizajugegi]/
0
|
биххизабугеги
/[biχːizabugegi]/
0
|
риххизаругеги
/[riχːizarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
виххизавизин
/[wiχːizawizin]/
0
|
йиххизайизин
/[jiχːizajizin]/
0
|
биххизабизин
/[biχːizabizin]/
0
|
риххизаризин
/[riχːizarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
виххизавуни
/[wiχːizawuni]/
0
|
йиххизайуни
/[jiχːizajuni]/
0
|
биххизабуни
/[biχːizabuni]/
🔒
1
|
риххизаруни
/[riχːizaruni]/
🔒
1
|
| Conditional Negative |
виххизавичӀони
/[wiχːizawit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
йиххизайичӀони
/[jiχːizajit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
биххизабичӀони
/[biχːizabit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
риххизаричӀони
/[riχːizarit͡ʃʼoni]/
🔒
1
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
виххизавунищ
/[wiχːizawuniʃː]/
0
|
йиххизайунищ
/[jiχːizajuniʃː]/
0
|
биххизабунищ
/[biχːizabuniʃː]/
0
|
риххизарунищ
/[riχːizaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
виххизавичӀищ
/[wiχːizawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
йиххизайичӀищ
/[jiχːizajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
биххизабичӀищ
/[biχːizabit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
риххизаричӀищ
/[riχːizarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
виххизавулищ
/[wiχːizawuliʃː]/
0
|
йиххизайулищ
/[jiχːizajuliʃː]/
0
|
биххизабулищ
/[biχːizabuliʃː]/
0
|
риххизарулищ
/[riχːizaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
виххизавуларищ
/[wiχːizawulariʃː]/
0
|
йиххизайуларищ
/[jiχːizajulariʃː]/
0
|
биххизабуларищ
/[biχːizabulariʃː]/
0
|
риххизаруларищ
/[riχːizarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
виххизавилищ
/[wiχːizawiliʃː]/
0
|
йиххизайилищ
/[jiχːizajiliʃː]/
0
|
биххизабилищ
/[biχːizabiliʃː]/
0
|
риххизарилищ
/[riχːizariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
виххизавиларищ
/[wiχːizawilariʃː]/
0
|
йиххизайиларищ
/[jiχːizajilariʃː]/
0
|
биххизабиларищ
/[biχːizabilariʃː]/
0
|
риххизариларищ
/[riχːizarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
виххизавурав
/[wiχːizawuraw]/
🔒
3
|
йиххизайурай
/[jiχːizajuraj]/
0
|
биххизабураб
/[biχːizaburab]/
🔒
12
|
риххизарурал
/[riχːizarural]/
🔒
9
|
| Past Participle Negative |
виххизавичӀев
/[wiχːizawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
йиххизайичӀей
/[jiχːizajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
биххизабичӀеб
/[biχːizabit͡ʃʼeb]/
0
|
риххизаричӀел
/[riχːizarit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
виххизавулев
/[wiχːizawulew]/
0
|
йиххизайулей
/[jiχːizajulej]/
0
|
биххизабулеб
/[biχːizabuleb]/
🔒
8
|
риххизарулел
/[riχːizarulel]/
🔒
10
|
| Present Participle Negative |
виххизавуларев
/[wiχːizawularew]/
0
|
йиххизайуларей
/[jiχːizajularej]/
0
|
биххизабулареб
/[biχːizabulareb]/
0
|
риххизаруларел
/[riχːizarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
виххизавилев
/[wiχːizawilew]/
0
|
йиххизайилей
/[jiχːizajilej]/
0
|
биххизабилеб
/[biχːizabileb]/
0
|
риххизарилел
/[riχːizarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
виххизавиларев
/[wiχːizawilarew]/
0
|
йиххизайиларей
/[jiχːizajilarej]/
0
|
биххизабилареб
/[biχːizabilareb]/
0
|
риххизариларел
/[riχːizarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
виххизавизехъин
/[wiχːizawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
йиххизайизехъин
/[jiχːizajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
биххизабизехъин
/[biχːizabizeq͡χːin]/
🔒
3
|
риххизаризехъин
/[riχːizarizeq͡χːin]/
🔒
3
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
виххизавизехъинро
/[wiχːizawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
йиххизайизехъинро
/[jiχːizajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
биххизабизехъинро
/[biχːizabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
риххизаризехъинро
/[riχːizarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
виххизавеяв
/[wiχːizawejaw]/
0
|
йиххизайеяй
/[jiχːizajejaj]/
0
|
биххизабеяб
/[biχːizabejab]/
0
|
риххизареял
/[riχːizarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
виххизавурав
3
|
йиххизайурай
0
|
биххизабураб
12
|
риххизарурал
9
|
| Ergative |
виххизавурас
0
|
йиххизайуралъ
0
|
биххизабуралъ
0
|
риххизарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
виххизавурасул
0
|
йиххизайуралъул
0
|
биххизабуралъул
0
|
риххизаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
виххизавурасе
0
|
йиххизайуралъе
0
|
биххизабуралъе
0
|
риххизаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
виххизавурасда
0
|
йиххизайуралъда
0
|
биххизабуралъда
0
|
риххизаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
виххизавурасде
0
|
йиххизайуралъде
0
|
биххизабуралъде
0
|
риххизаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
виххизавурасдаса
0
|
йиххизайуралъдаса
0
|
биххизабуралъдаса
0
|
риххизарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
виххизавурасдасан
0
|
йиххизайуралъдасан
0
|
биххизабуралъдасан
0
|
риххизарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
виххизавурасухъ
0
|
йиххизайуралъухъ
0
|
биххизабуралъухъ
0
|
риххизаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
виххизавурасухъе
0
|
йиххизайуралъухъе
0
|
биххизабуралъухъе
0
|
риххизаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
виххизавурасухъа
0
|
йиххизайуралъухъа
0
|
биххизабуралъухъа
0
|
риххизаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
виххизавурасухъан
0
|
йиххизайуралъухъан
0
|
биххизабуралъухъан
0
|
риххизаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
виххизавурасулъ
0
|
йиххизайуралъулъ
0
|
биххизабуралъулъ
0
|
риххизаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
виххизавурасулъе
0
|
йиххизайуралъулъе
0
|
биххизабуралъулъе
0
|
риххизаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
виххизавурасулъа
0
|
йиххизайуралъулъа
0
|
биххизабуралъулъа
0
|
риххизаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
виххизавурасулъан
0
|
йиххизайуралъулъан
0
|
биххизабуралъулъан
0
|
риххизаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
виххизавурасукь
0
|
йиххизайуралъукь
0
|
биххизабуралъукь
0
|
риххизаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
виххизавурасукье
0
|
йиххизайуралъукье
0
|
биххизабуралъукье
0
|
риххизаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
виххизавурасукьа
0
|
йиххизайуралъукьа
0
|
биххизабуралъукьа
0
|
риххизаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
виххизавурасукьан
0
|
йиххизайуралъукьан
0
|
биххизабуралъукьан
0
|
риххизаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
виххизавун
/[wiχːizawun]/
🔒
7
|
йиххизайун
/[jiχːizajun]/
0
|
биххизабун
/[biχːizabun]/
🔒
48
|
риххизарун
/[riχːizarun]/
🔒
25
|
| Adverbial Past |
виххизавун
/[wiχːizawun]/
🔒
7
|
йиххизайун
/[jiχːizajun]/
0
|
биххизабун
/[biχːizabun]/
🔒
48
|
риххизарун
/[riχːizarun]/
🔒
25
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
виххизавичӀого
/[wiχːizawit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
йиххизайичӀого
/[jiχːizajit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
биххизабичӀого
/[biχːizabit͡ʃˀogo]/
🔒
1
|
риххизаричӀого
/[riχːizarit͡ʃʼogo]/
🔒
3
|
| Adverbial General |
виххизавулаго
/[wiχːizawulago]/
0
|
йиххизайулаго
/[jiχːizajulago]/
0
|
биххизабулаго
/[biχːizabulago]/
0
|
риххизарулаго
/[riχːizarulago]/
🔒
1
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
виххизавуларого
/[wiχːizawularogo]/
0
|
йиххизайуларого
/[jiχːizajularogo]/
0
|
биххизабуларого
/[biχːizabularogo]/
0
|
риххизаруларого
/[riχːizarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
виххизави
/[wiχːizawi]/
🔒
4
|
йиххизайи
/[jiχːizaji]/
0
|
биххизаби
/[biχːizabi]/
🔒
14
|
риххизари
/[riχːizari]/
🔒
3
|
| Infinitive |
виххизавизе
/[wiχːizawize]/
🔒
6
|
йиххизайизе
/[jiχːizajize]/
0
|
биххизабизе
/[biχːizabize]/
🔒
50
|
риххизаризе
/[riχːizarize]/
🔒
8
|
| Causative |
—
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
—
0
|
|||
| Durative |
виххизавиаризе
/[wiχːizawijarize]/
0
|
йиххизайиаризе
/[jiχːizajijarize]/
0
|
биххизабиаризе
/[biχːizabijarize]/
0
|
риххизариаризе
/[riχːizarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
виххизавиариларо
/[wiχːizawijarilaro]/
0
|
йиххизайиариларо
/[jiχːizajijarilaro]/
0
|
биххизабиариларо
/[biχːizabijarilaro]/
0
|
риххизариариларо
/[riχːizarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
виххизав-виххизавизе
/[wiχːizaw-wiχːizawize]/
0
|
йиххизай-йиххизайизе
/[jiχːizaj-jiχːizajize]/
0
|
биххизаб-биххизабизе
/[biχːizab-biχːizabize]/
0
|
риххизар-риххизаризе
/[riχːizar-riχːizarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
виххизаб-виххизавиларо
/[wiχːizab-wiχːizawilaro]/
0
|
йиххизаб-йиххизайиларо
/[jiχːizab-jiχːizajilaro]/
0
|
биххизаб-биххизабиларо
/[biχːizab-biχːizabilaro]/
0
|
риххизаб-риххизариларо
/[riχːizab-riχːizarilaro]/
0
|