Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
обуглить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ruhhize
Transitivity
Ambitransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
199187
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
26
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
рухӀана
[ruħana]
🔒
42
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
рухӀичӀо
[ruħit͡ʃˀo]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Future Simple |
рухӀила
[ruħila]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
рухӀиларо
[ruħilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
рухӀула
[ruħula]
🔒
21
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
рухӀуларо
[ruħularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
рухӀулаан
[ruħulajan]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
рухӀулароан
[ruħularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
рухӀе
[ruħe]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
рухӀуге
[ruħuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
рухӀеги
[ruħegi]
🔒
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
рухӀугеги
[ruħugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
рухӀизин
[ruħizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
рухӀани
[ruħani]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
рухӀичӀони
[ruħit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
рухӀанищ
[ruħaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
рухӀичӀищ
[ruħit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
рухӀулищ
[ruħuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
рухӀуларищ
[ruħulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
рухӀилищ
[ruħiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
рухӀиларищ
[ruħilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
рухӀарав
/[ruħaraw]/
🔒
5
|
рухӀарай
/[ruħaraj]/
🔒
0
|
рухӀараб
/[ruħarab]/
🔒
3
|
рухӀарал
/[ruħaral]/
🔒
43
|
| Past Participle Negative |
рухӀичӀев
/[ruħit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
рухӀичӀей
/[ruħit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
рухӀичӀеб
/[ruħit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
рухӀичӀел
/[ruħit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
рухӀулев
/[ruħulew]/
🔒
0
|
рухӀулей
/[ruħulej]/
🔒
0
|
рухӀулеб
/[ruħuleb]/
🔒
4
|
рухӀулел
/[ruħulel]/
🔒
44
|
| Present Participle Negative |
рухӀуларев
/[ruħularew]/
🔒
1
|
рухӀуларей
/[ruħularej]/
0
|
рухӀулареб
/[ruħulareb]/
0
|
рухӀуларел
/[ruħularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
рухӀилев
/[ruħilew]/
0
|
рухӀилей
/[ruħilej]/
0
|
рухӀилеб
/[ruħileb]/
0
|
рухӀилел
/[ruħilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
рухӀиларев
/[ruħilarew]/
0
|
рухӀиларей
/[ruħilarej]/
0
|
рухӀилареб
/[ruħilareb]/
0
|
рухӀиларел
/[ruħilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
рухӀизехъин
[ruħizeq͡χːin]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
рухӀизехъинро
[ruħizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
рухӀеяв
/[ruħejaw]/
0
|
рухӀеяй
/[ruħejaj]/
0
|
рухӀеяб
/[ruħejab]/
0
|
рухӀеял
/[ruħejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
рухӀарав
5
|
рухӀарай
0
|
рухӀараб
3
|
рухӀарал
43
|
| Ergative |
рухӀарас
0
|
рухӀаралъ
0
|
рухӀаралъ
0
|
рухӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
рухӀарасул
0
|
рухӀаралъул
0
|
рухӀаралъул
0
|
рухӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
рухӀарасе
0
|
рухӀаралъе
0
|
рухӀаралъе
0
|
рухӀаразе
2
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
рухӀарасда
0
|
рухӀаралъда
0
|
рухӀаралъда
0
|
рухӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
рухӀарасде
0
|
рухӀаралъде
0
|
рухӀаралъде
0
|
рухӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
рухӀарасдаса
0
|
рухӀаралъдаса
0
|
рухӀаралъдаса
0
|
рухӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
рухӀарасдасан
0
|
рухӀаралъдасан
0
|
рухӀаралъдасан
0
|
рухӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
рухӀарасухъ
0
|
рухӀаралъухъ
0
|
рухӀаралъухъ
0
|
рухӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
рухӀарасухъе
0
|
рухӀаралъухъе
0
|
рухӀаралъухъе
0
|
рухӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
рухӀарасухъа
0
|
рухӀаралъухъа
0
|
рухӀаралъухъа
0
|
рухӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
рухӀарасухъан
0
|
рухӀаралъухъан
0
|
рухӀаралъухъан
0
|
рухӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
рухӀарасулъ
0
|
рухӀаралъулъ
0
|
рухӀаралъулъ
0
|
рухӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
рухӀарасулъе
0
|
рухӀаралъулъе
0
|
рухӀаралъулъе
0
|
рухӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
рухӀарасулъа
0
|
рухӀаралъулъа
0
|
рухӀаралъулъа
0
|
рухӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
рухӀарасулъан
0
|
рухӀаралъулъан
0
|
рухӀаралъулъан
0
|
рухӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
рухӀарасукь
0
|
рухӀаралъукь
0
|
рухӀаралъукь
0
|
рухӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
рухӀарасукье
0
|
рухӀаралъукье
0
|
рухӀаралъукье
0
|
рухӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
рухӀарасукьа
0
|
рухӀаралъукьа
0
|
рухӀаралъукьа
0
|
рухӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
рухӀарасукьан
0
|
рухӀаралъукьан
0
|
рухӀаралъукьан
0
|
рухӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
рухӀун
[ruħun]
🔒
39
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
рухӀун
[ruħun]
🔒
39
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
рухӀичӀого
[ruħit͡ʃˀogo]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
рухӀулаго
[ruħulago]
🔒
2
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
рухӀуларого
[ruħularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
рухӀи
[ruħi]
🔒
8
|
|||
| Infinitive |
рухӀизе
[ruħize]
🔒
26
|
|||
| Causative |
рухӀизавизе
/[ruħizawize]/
0
|
рухӀизайизе
/[ruħizajize]/
0
|
рухӀизабизе
/[ruħizabize]/
0
|
рухӀизаризе
/[ruħizarize]/
🔒
1
|
| Causative Negative |
рухӀизавуларо
/[ruħizawularo]/
0
|
рухӀизайуларо
/[ruħizajularo]/
0
|
рухӀизабуларо
/[ruħizabularo]/
0
|
рухӀизаруларо
/[ruħizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
рухӀиаризе
[ruħijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
рухӀиариларо
[ruħijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
рухӀ-рухӀизе
[ruħ-ruħize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
рухӀ-рухӀиларо
[ruħ-ruħilaro]
0
|
|||