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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: hachdeze
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
200095
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
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|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
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| Past Simple |
гьачдена
[hat͡ʒdena]
0
|
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| Past Simple Negative |
гьачдечӀо
[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
гьачдела
[hat͡ʒdela]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
гьачделаро
[hat͡ʒdelaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
гьачдола
[hat͡ʒdola]
0
|
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| Constative Negative |
гьачдоларо
[hat͡ʒdolaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
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| Remote Present |
—
0
|
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|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
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| Remote Past |
гьачдолаан
[hat͡ʒdolajan]
0
|
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| Remote Past Negative |
гьачдолароан
[hat͡ʒdolarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
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Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
гьачде
[hat͡ʒde]
0
|
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| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
гьачдоге
[hat͡ʒdoge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
гьачдеги
[hat͡ʒdegi]
0
|
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| Prohibitive Optative |
гьачдогеги
[hat͡ʒdogegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
гьачдезин
[hat͡ʒdezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
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| Conditional |
гьачдени
[hat͡ʒdeni]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
гьачдечӀони
[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьачденищ
[hat͡ʒdeniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьачдечӀищ
[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
гьачдолищ
[hat͡ʒdoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьачдоларищ
[hat͡ʒdolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
гьачделищ
[hat͡ʒdeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
гьачделарищ
[hat͡ʒdelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
гьачдерав
/[hat͡ʒderaw]/
0
|
гьачдерай
/[hat͡ʒderaj]/
0
|
гьачдераб
/[hat͡ʒderab]/
0
|
гьачдерал
/[hat͡ʒderal]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
гьачдечӀев
/[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
гьачдечӀей
/[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
гьачдечӀеб
/[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
гьачдечӀел
/[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
гьачдолев
/[hat͡ʒdolew]/
0
|
гьачдолей
/[hat͡ʒdolej]/
0
|
гьачдолеб
/[hat͡ʒdoleb]/
0
|
гьачдолел
/[hat͡ʒdolel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
гьачдоларев
/[hat͡ʒdolarew]/
0
|
гьачдоларей
/[hat͡ʒdolarej]/
0
|
гьачдолареб
/[hat͡ʒdolareb]/
0
|
гьачдоларел
/[hat͡ʒdolarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
гьачделев
/[hat͡ʒdelew]/
0
|
гьачделей
/[hat͡ʒdelej]/
0
|
гьачделеб
/[hat͡ʒdeleb]/
0
|
гьачделел
/[hat͡ʒdelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
гьачделарев
/[hat͡ʒdelarew]/
0
|
гьачделарей
/[hat͡ʒdelarej]/
0
|
гьачделареб
/[hat͡ʒdelareb]/
0
|
гьачделарел
/[hat͡ʒdelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
гьачдезехъин
[hat͡ʒdezeq͡χːin]
0
|
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| Intentional Participle Negative |
гьачдезехъинро
[hat͡ʒdezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
гьачдеяв
/[hat͡ʒdejaw]/
0
|
гьачдеяй
/[hat͡ʒdejaj]/
0
|
гьачдеяб
/[hat͡ʒdejab]/
0
|
гьачдеял
/[hat͡ʒdejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
гьачдерав
0
|
гьачдерай
0
|
гьачдераб
0
|
гьачдерал
0
|
| Ergative |
гьачдерас
0
|
гьачдералъ
0
|
гьачдералъ
0
|
гьачдераз
0
|
| Genitive |
гьачдерасул
0
|
гьачдералъул
0
|
гьачдералъул
0
|
гьачдеразул
0
|
| Dative |
гьачдерасе
0
|
гьачдералъе
0
|
гьачдералъе
0
|
гьачдеразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
гьачдерасда
0
|
гьачдералъда
0
|
гьачдералъда
0
|
гьачдеразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
гьачдерасде
0
|
гьачдералъде
0
|
гьачдералъде
0
|
гьачдеразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
гьачдерасдаса
0
|
гьачдералъдаса
0
|
гьачдералъдаса
0
|
гьачдераздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
гьачдерасдасан
0
|
гьачдералъдасан
0
|
гьачдералъдасан
0
|
гьачдераздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
гьачдерасухъ
0
|
гьачдералъухъ
0
|
гьачдералъухъ
0
|
гьачдеразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
гьачдерасухъе
0
|
гьачдералъухъе
0
|
гьачдералъухъе
0
|
гьачдеразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
гьачдерасухъа
0
|
гьачдералъухъа
0
|
гьачдералъухъа
0
|
гьачдеразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
гьачдерасухъан
0
|
гьачдералъухъан
0
|
гьачдералъухъан
0
|
гьачдеразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
гьачдерасулъ
0
|
гьачдералъулъ
0
|
гьачдералъулъ
0
|
гьачдеразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
гьачдерасулъе
0
|
гьачдералъулъе
0
|
гьачдералъулъе
0
|
гьачдеразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
гьачдерасулъа
0
|
гьачдералъулъа
0
|
гьачдералъулъа
0
|
гьачдеразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
гьачдерасулъан
0
|
гьачдералъулъан
0
|
гьачдералъулъан
0
|
гьачдеразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
гьачдерасукь
0
|
гьачдералъукь
0
|
гьачдералъукь
0
|
гьачдеразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
гьачдерасукье
0
|
гьачдералъукье
0
|
гьачдералъукье
0
|
гьачдеразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
гьачдерасукьа
0
|
гьачдералъукьа
0
|
гьачдералъукьа
0
|
гьачдеразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
гьачдерасукьан
0
|
гьачдералъукьан
0
|
гьачдералъукьан
0
|
гьачдеразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
гьачдон
[hat͡ʒdon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
гьачдон
[hat͡ʒdon]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
гьачдечӀого
[hat͡ʒdet͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
гьачдолаго
[hat͡ʒdolago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
гьачдоларого
[hat͡ʒdolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
гьачдей
[hat͡ʒdej]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
гьачдезе
[hat͡ʒdeze]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Causative |
гьачдезавизе
/[hat͡ʒdezawize]/
0
|
гьачдезайизе
/[hat͡ʒdezajize]/
0
|
гьачдезабизе
/[hat͡ʒdezabize]/
0
|
гьачдезаризе
/[hat͡ʒdezarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
гьачдезавуларо
/[hat͡ʒdezawularo]/
0
|
гьачдезайуларо
/[hat͡ʒdezajularo]/
0
|
гьачдезабуларо
/[hat͡ʒdezabularo]/
0
|
гьачдезаруларо
/[hat͡ʒdezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
гьачдеаризе
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
—
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
гьачд-гьачдезе
[hat͡ʒd-hat͡ʒdeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
гьачд-гьачделаро
[hat͡ʒd-hat͡ʒdelaro]
0
|
|||