Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
озорничать
проказничать
упорствовать
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: chankʼkʼize
Transitivity
Intransitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
200098
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃankˀːulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃankˀːulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃankˀːuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃankˀːulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃankˀːulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃankˀːulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃankˀːuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃankˀːulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чанкӀкӀана
[t͡ʃankˀːana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чанкӀкӀичӀо
[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чанкӀкӀила
[t͡ʃankˀːila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чанкӀкӀиларо
[t͡ʃankˀːilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чанкӀкӀула
[t͡ʃankˀːula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чанкӀкӀуларо
[t͡ʃankˀːularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чанкӀкӀулаан
[t͡ʃankʼːulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чанкӀкӀулароан
[t͡ʃankʼːularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чанкӀкӀе
[t͡ʃankˀːe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чанкӀкӀуге
[t͡ʃankˀːuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чанкӀкӀеги
[t͡ʃankʼːegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чанкӀкӀугеги
[t͡ʃankˀːugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чанкӀкӀизин
[t͡ʃankˀːizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чанкӀкӀани
[t͡ʃankˀːani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чанкӀкӀичӀони
[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чанкӀкӀанищ
[t͡ʃankˀːaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чанкӀкӀичӀищ
[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чанкӀкӀулищ
[t͡ʃankˀːuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чанкӀкӀуларищ
[t͡ʃankˀːulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чанкӀкӀилищ
[t͡ʃankˀːiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чанкӀкӀиларищ
[t͡ʃankˀːilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чанкӀкӀарав
/[t͡ʃankˀːaraw]/
🔒
2
|
чанкӀкӀарай
/[t͡ʃankˀːaraj]/
🔒
1
|
чанкӀкӀараб
/[t͡ʃankˀːarab]/
🔒
1
|
чанкӀкӀарал
/[t͡ʃankˀːaral]/
🔒
2
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чанкӀкӀичӀев
/[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀичӀей
/[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀичӀеб
/[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀичӀел
/[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чанкӀкӀулев
/[t͡ʃankˀːulew]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀулей
/[t͡ʃankˀːulej]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀулеб
/[t͡ʃankˀːuleb]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀулел
/[t͡ʃankˀːulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чанкӀкӀуларев
/[t͡ʃankˀːularew]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀуларей
/[t͡ʃankˀːularej]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀулареб
/[t͡ʃankˀːulareb]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀуларел
/[t͡ʃankˀːularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чанкӀкӀилев
/[t͡ʃankˀːilew]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀилей
/[t͡ʃankˀːilej]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀилеб
/[t͡ʃankˀːileb]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀилел
/[t͡ʃankˀːilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чанкӀкӀиларев
/[t͡ʃankˀːilarew]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀиларей
/[t͡ʃankˀːilarej]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀилареб
/[t͡ʃankˀːilareb]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀиларел
/[t͡ʃankˀːilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чанкӀкӀизехъин
[t͡ʃankˀːizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чанкӀкӀизехъинро
[t͡ʃankˀːizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чанкӀкӀеяв
/[t͡ʃankˀːejaw]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀеяй
/[t͡ʃankˀːejaj]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀеяб
/[t͡ʃankˀːejab]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀеял
/[t͡ʃankʼːejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чанкӀкӀарав
2
|
чанкӀкӀарай
1
|
чанкӀкӀараб
1
|
чанкӀкӀарал
2
|
| Ergative |
чанкӀкӀарас
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чанкӀкӀарасул
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъул
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъул
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
чанкӀкӀарасе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чанкӀкӀарасда
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъда
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъда
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чанкӀкӀарасде
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъде
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъде
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чанкӀкӀарасдаса
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъдаса
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъдаса
0
|
чанкӀкӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чанкӀкӀарасдасан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъдасан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъдасан
0
|
чанкӀкӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чанкӀкӀарасухъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чанкӀкӀарасухъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чанкӀкӀарасухъа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чанкӀкӀарасухъан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъухъан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чанкӀкӀарасулъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъ
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чанкӀкӀарасулъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъе
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чанкӀкӀарасулъа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чанкӀкӀарасулъан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъулъан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чанкӀкӀарасукь
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукь
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукь
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чанкӀкӀарасукье
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукье
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукье
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чанкӀкӀарасукьа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукьа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукьа
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чанкӀкӀарасукьан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукьан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаралъукьан
0
|
чанкӀкӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чанкӀкӀун
[t͡ʃankʼːun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чанкӀкӀун
[t͡ʃankˀːun]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чанкӀкӀичӀого
[t͡ʃankˀːit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чанкӀкӀулаго
[t͡ʃankˀːulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чанкӀкӀуларого
[t͡ʃankˀːularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чанкӀкӀи
[t͡ʃankˀːi]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чанкӀкӀизе
[t͡ʃankˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
чанкӀкӀизавизе
/[t͡ʃankʼːizawize]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀизайизе
/[t͡ʃankʼːizajize]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀизабизе
/[t͡ʃankˀːizabize]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀизаризе
/[t͡ʃankʼːizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чанкӀкӀизавуларо
/[t͡ʃankʼːizawularo]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀизайуларо
/[t͡ʃankʼːizajularo]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀизабуларо
/[t͡ʃankˀːizabularo]/
0
|
чанкӀкӀизаруларо
/[t͡ʃankʼːizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чанкӀкӀиаризе
[t͡ʃankˀːijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чанкӀкӀиариларо
[t͡ʃankˀːijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чанкӀкӀ-чанкӀкӀизе
[t͡ʃankˀː-t͡ʃankˀːize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чанкӀкӀ-чанкӀкӀиларо
[t͡ʃankˀː-t͡ʃankˀːilaro]
0
|
|||