Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
опалить
палить
поджечь
подпалить
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CVC.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: ch'urhhize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
200498
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀurħulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀurħulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀurħuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀurħulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡ʃˀurħulew het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀurħulej het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀurħuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡ʃˀurħulel het͡ʃˀo]/ |
| Past Simple |
чӀурхӀана
[t͡ʃˀurħana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
чӀурхӀичӀо
[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
чӀурхӀила
[t͡ʃˀurħila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
чӀурхӀиларо
[t͡ʃˀurħilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
чӀурхӀула
[t͡ʃˀurħula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
чӀурхӀуларо
[t͡ʃˀurħularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
чӀурхӀулаан
[t͡ʃʼurħulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
чӀурхӀулароан
[t͡ʃʼurħularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
чӀурхӀе
[t͡ʃˀurħe]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
чӀурхӀуге
[t͡ʃˀurħuge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
чӀурхӀеги
[t͡ʃʼurħegi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
чӀурхӀугеги
[t͡ʃˀurħugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
чӀурхӀизин
[t͡ʃˀurħizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
чӀурхӀани
[t͡ʃˀurħani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
чӀурхӀичӀони
[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀурхӀанищ
[t͡ʃˀurħaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀурхӀичӀищ
[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀурхӀулищ
[t͡ʃˀurħuliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀурхӀуларищ
[t͡ʃˀurħulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
чӀурхӀилищ
[t͡ʃˀurħiliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
чӀурхӀиларищ
[t͡ʃˀurħilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
чӀурхӀарав
/[t͡ʃˀurħaraw]/
🔒
0
|
чӀурхӀарай
/[t͡ʃˀurħaraj]/
🔒
0
|
чӀурхӀараб
/[t͡ʃˀurħarab]/
🔒
1
|
чӀурхӀарал
/[t͡ʃˀurħaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
чӀурхӀичӀев
/[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
чӀурхӀичӀей
/[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
чӀурхӀичӀеб
/[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
чӀурхӀичӀел
/[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
чӀурхӀулев
/[t͡ʃˀurħulew]/
0
|
чӀурхӀулей
/[t͡ʃˀurħulej]/
0
|
чӀурхӀулеб
/[t͡ʃˀurħuleb]/
0
|
чӀурхӀулел
/[t͡ʃˀurħulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
чӀурхӀуларев
/[t͡ʃˀurħularew]/
0
|
чӀурхӀуларей
/[t͡ʃˀurħularej]/
0
|
чӀурхӀулареб
/[t͡ʃˀurħulareb]/
0
|
чӀурхӀуларел
/[t͡ʃˀurħularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
чӀурхӀилев
/[t͡ʃˀurħilew]/
0
|
чӀурхӀилей
/[t͡ʃˀurħilej]/
0
|
чӀурхӀилеб
/[t͡ʃˀurħileb]/
0
|
чӀурхӀилел
/[t͡ʃˀurħilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
чӀурхӀиларев
/[t͡ʃˀurħilarew]/
0
|
чӀурхӀиларей
/[t͡ʃˀurħilarej]/
0
|
чӀурхӀилареб
/[t͡ʃˀurħilareb]/
0
|
чӀурхӀиларел
/[t͡ʃˀurħilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
чӀурхӀизехъин
[t͡ʃˀurħizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
чӀурхӀизехъинро
[t͡ʃˀurħizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
чӀурхӀеяв
/[t͡ʃˀurħejaw]/
0
|
чӀурхӀеяй
/[t͡ʃˀurħejaj]/
0
|
чӀурхӀеяб
/[t͡ʃˀurħejab]/
0
|
чӀурхӀеял
/[t͡ʃʼurħejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
чӀурхӀарав
0
|
чӀурхӀарай
0
|
чӀурхӀараб
1
|
чӀурхӀарал
0
|
| Ergative |
чӀурхӀарас
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъ
0
|
чӀурхӀараз
0
|
| Genitive |
чӀурхӀарасул
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъул
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъул
0
|
чӀурхӀаразул
0
|
| Dative |
чӀурхӀарасе
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
чӀурхӀарасда
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъда
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъда
0
|
чӀурхӀаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
чӀурхӀарасде
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъде
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъде
0
|
чӀурхӀаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
чӀурхӀарасдаса
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъдаса
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъдаса
0
|
чӀурхӀараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
чӀурхӀарасдасан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъдасан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъдасан
0
|
чӀурхӀараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
чӀурхӀарасухъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
чӀурхӀарасухъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
чӀурхӀарасухъа
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъа
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъа
0
|
чӀурхӀаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
чӀурхӀарасухъан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъухъан
0
|
чӀурхӀаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
чӀурхӀарасулъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъ
0
|
чӀурхӀаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
чӀурхӀарасулъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъе
0
|
чӀурхӀаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
чӀурхӀарасулъа
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъа
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъа
0
|
чӀурхӀаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
чӀурхӀарасулъан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъулъан
0
|
чӀурхӀаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
чӀурхӀарасукь
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукь
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукь
0
|
чӀурхӀаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
чӀурхӀарасукье
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукье
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукье
0
|
чӀурхӀаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
чӀурхӀарасукьа
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукьа
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукьа
0
|
чӀурхӀаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
чӀурхӀарасукьан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукьан
0
|
чӀурхӀаралъукьан
0
|
чӀурхӀаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
чӀурхӀун
[t͡ʃʼurħun]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
чӀурхӀун
[t͡ʃˀurħun]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
чӀурхӀичӀого
[t͡ʃˀurħit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
чӀурхӀулаго
[t͡ʃˀurħulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
чӀурхӀуларого
[t͡ʃˀurħularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
чӀурхӀи
[t͡ʃˀurħi]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
чӀурхӀизе
[t͡ʃˀurħize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
чӀурхӀизавизе
/[t͡ʃʼurħizawize]/
0
|
чӀурхӀизайизе
/[t͡ʃʼurħizajize]/
0
|
чӀурхӀизабизе
/[t͡ʃˀurħizabize]/
0
|
чӀурхӀизаризе
/[t͡ʃʼurħizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
чӀурхӀизавуларо
/[t͡ʃʼurħizawularo]/
0
|
чӀурхӀизайуларо
/[t͡ʃʼurħizajularo]/
0
|
чӀурхӀизабуларо
/[t͡ʃˀurħizabularo]/
0
|
чӀурхӀизаруларо
/[t͡ʃʼurħizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
чӀурхӀиаризе
[t͡ʃˀurħijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
чӀурхӀиариларо
[t͡ʃˀurħijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
чӀурхӀ-чӀурхӀизе
[t͡ʃˀurħ-t͡ʃˀurħize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
чӀурхӀ-чӀурхӀиларо
[t͡ʃˀurħ-t͡ʃˀurħilaro]
0
|
|||