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Russian
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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: zhirize
Transitivity
Unknown
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
201213
Fixed/Locked
No
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
0
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
жирана
[ʒirana]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
жиричӀо
[ʒirit͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
жирила
[ʒirila]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
жириларо
[ʒirilaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
жирула
[ʒirula]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
жируларо
[ʒirularo]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
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|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
жирулаан
[ʒirulajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
жирулароан
[ʒirularojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
жире
[ʒire]
0
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
жируге
[ʒiruge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
жиреги
[ʒiregi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
жиругеги
[ʒirugegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
жиризин
[ʒirizin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
жирани
[ʒirani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
жиричӀони
[ʒirit͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
жиранищ
[ʒiraniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
жиричӀищ
[ʒirit͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
жирулищ
[ʒiruliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
жируларищ
[ʒirulariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
жирилищ
[ʒiriliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
жириларищ
[ʒirilariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
жирарав
/[ʒiraraw]/
0
|
жирарай
/[ʒiraraj]/
0
|
жирараб
/[ʒirarab]/
0
|
жирарал
/[ʒiraral]/
🔒
1
|
| Past Participle Negative |
жиричӀев
/[ʒirit͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
жиричӀей
/[ʒirit͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
жиричӀеб
/[ʒirit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
жиричӀел
/[ʒirit͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
жирулев
/[ʒirulew]/
0
|
жирулей
/[ʒirulej]/
0
|
жирулеб
/[ʒiruleb]/
0
|
жирулел
/[ʒirulel]/
0
|
| Present Participle Negative |
жируларев
/[ʒirularew]/
0
|
жируларей
/[ʒirularej]/
0
|
жирулареб
/[ʒirulareb]/
0
|
жируларел
/[ʒirularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
жирилев
/[ʒirilew]/
0
|
жирилей
/[ʒirilej]/
0
|
жирилеб
/[ʒirileb]/
0
|
жирилел
/[ʒirilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
жириларев
/[ʒirilarew]/
0
|
жириларей
/[ʒirilarej]/
0
|
жирилареб
/[ʒirilareb]/
0
|
жириларел
/[ʒirilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
жиризехъин
[ʒirizeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
жиризехъинро
[ʒirizeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
жиреяв
/[ʒirejaw]/
0
|
жиреяй
/[ʒirejaj]/
0
|
жиреяб
/[ʒirejab]/
0
|
жиреял
/[ʒirejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
жирарав
0
|
жирарай
0
|
жирараб
0
|
жирарал
1
|
| Ergative |
жирарас
0
|
жираралъ
0
|
жираралъ
0
|
жирараз
0
|
| Genitive |
жирарасул
0
|
жираралъул
0
|
жираралъул
0
|
жираразул
0
|
| Dative |
жирарасе
0
|
жираралъе
0
|
жираралъе
0
|
жираразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
жирарасда
0
|
жираралъда
0
|
жираралъда
0
|
жираразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
жирарасде
0
|
жираралъде
0
|
жираралъде
0
|
жираразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
жирарасдаса
0
|
жираралъдаса
0
|
жираралъдаса
0
|
жирараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
жирарасдасан
0
|
жираралъдасан
0
|
жираралъдасан
0
|
жирараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
жирарасухъ
0
|
жираралъухъ
0
|
жираралъухъ
0
|
жираразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
жирарасухъе
0
|
жираралъухъе
0
|
жираралъухъе
0
|
жираразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
жирарасухъа
0
|
жираралъухъа
0
|
жираралъухъа
0
|
жираразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
жирарасухъан
0
|
жираралъухъан
0
|
жираралъухъан
0
|
жираразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
жирарасулъ
0
|
жираралъулъ
0
|
жираралъулъ
0
|
жираразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
жирарасулъе
0
|
жираралъулъе
0
|
жираралъулъе
0
|
жираразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
жирарасулъа
0
|
жираралъулъа
0
|
жираралъулъа
0
|
жираразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
жирарасулъан
0
|
жираралъулъан
0
|
жираралъулъан
0
|
жираразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
жирарасукь
0
|
жираралъукь
0
|
жираралъукь
0
|
жираразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
жирарасукье
0
|
жираралъукье
0
|
жираралъукье
0
|
жираразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
жирарасукьа
0
|
жираралъукьа
0
|
жираралъукьа
0
|
жираразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
жирарасукьан
0
|
жираралъукьан
0
|
жираралъукьан
0
|
жираразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
жирун
[ʒirun]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
жирун
[ʒirun]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
жиричӀого
[ʒirit͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
жирулаго
[ʒirulago]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
жируларого
[ʒirularogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
жири
[ʒiri]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
жиризе
[ʒirize]
0
|
|||
| Causative |
жиризавизе
/[ʒirizawize]/
0
|
жиризайизе
/[ʒirizajize]/
0
|
жиризабизе
/[ʒirizabize]/
0
|
жиризаризе
/[ʒirizarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
жиризавуларо
/[ʒirizawularo]/
0
|
жиризайуларо
/[ʒirizajularo]/
0
|
жиризабуларо
/[ʒirizabularo]/
0
|
жиризаруларо
/[ʒirizarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
жириаризе
[ʒirijarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
жириариларо
[ʒirijarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
жир-жиризе
[ʒir-ʒirize]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
жир-жириларо
[ʒir-ʒirilaro]
0
|
|||