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📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 3
ASCII: khachaze
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
202643
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
хачана
[χat͡ʃana]
0
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
хачачӀо
[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀo]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple |
хачала
[χat͡ʃala]
0
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
хачаларо
[χat͡ʃalaro]
0
|
|||
| Constative |
хачала
[χat͡ʃala]
0
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
хачаларо
[χat͡ʃalaro]
0
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
хачалаан
[χat͡ʃalajan]
0
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
хачалароан
[χat͡ʃalarojan]
0
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
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|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
хача
[χat͡ʃa]
🔒
29
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
хачаге
[χat͡ʃage]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
хачаги
[χat͡ʃagi]
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
хачагеги
[χat͡ʃagegi]
0
|
|||
| Hortative |
хачазин
[χat͡ʃazin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
хачани
[χat͡ʃani]
0
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
хачачӀони
[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
хачанищ
[χat͡ʃaniʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хачачӀищ
[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
хачалищ
[χat͡ʃaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
хачаларищ
[χat͡ʃalariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
хачалищ
[χat͡ʃaliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
хачаларищ
[χat͡ʃalariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
хачарав
/[χat͡ʃaraw]/
0
|
хачарай
/[χat͡ʃaraj]/
0
|
хачараб
/[χat͡ʃarab]/
🔒
1
|
хачарал
/[χat͡ʃaral]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
хачачӀев
/[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀew]/
0
|
хачачӀей
/[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀej]/
0
|
хачачӀеб
/[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
хачачӀел
/[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
хачалев
/[χat͡ʃalew]/
0
|
хачалей
/[χat͡ʃalej]/
0
|
хачалеб
/[χat͡ʃaleb]/
🔒
4
|
хачалел
/[χat͡ʃalel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle Negative |
хачаларев
/[χat͡ʃalarew]/
0
|
хачаларей
/[χat͡ʃalarej]/
0
|
хачалареб
/[χat͡ʃalareb]/
0
|
хачаларел
/[χat͡ʃalarel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
хачалев
/[χat͡ʃalew]/
0
|
хачалей
/[χat͡ʃalej]/
0
|
хачалеб
/[χat͡ʃaleb]/
🔒
4
|
хачалел
/[χat͡ʃalel]/
🔒
2
|
| Future Participle Negative |
хачаларев
/[χat͡ʃalarew]/
0
|
хачаларей
/[χat͡ʃalarej]/
0
|
хачалареб
/[χat͡ʃalareb]/
0
|
хачаларел
/[χat͡ʃalarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
хачазехъин
[χat͡ʃazeq͡χːin]
0
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
хачазехъинро
[χat͡ʃazeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
хачаяв
/[χat͡ʃajaw]/
0
|
хачаяй
/[χat͡ʃajaj]/
0
|
хачаяб
/[χat͡ʃajab]/
0
|
хачаял
/[χat͡ʃajal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
хачарав
0
|
хачарай
0
|
хачараб
1
|
хачарал
0
|
| Ergative |
хачарас
0
|
хачаралъ
0
|
хачаралъ
0
|
хачараз
0
|
| Genitive |
хачарасул
0
|
хачаралъул
0
|
хачаралъул
0
|
хачаразул
0
|
| Dative |
хачарасе
0
|
хачаралъе
0
|
хачаралъе
0
|
хачаразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
хачарасда
0
|
хачаралъда
0
|
хачаралъда
0
|
хачаразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
хачарасде
0
|
хачаралъде
0
|
хачаралъде
0
|
хачаразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
хачарасдаса
0
|
хачаралъдаса
0
|
хачаралъдаса
0
|
хачараздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
хачарасдасан
0
|
хачаралъдасан
0
|
хачаралъдасан
0
|
хачараздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
хачарасухъ
0
|
хачаралъухъ
0
|
хачаралъухъ
0
|
хачаразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
хачарасухъе
0
|
хачаралъухъе
0
|
хачаралъухъе
0
|
хачаразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
хачарасухъа
0
|
хачаралъухъа
0
|
хачаралъухъа
0
|
хачаразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
хачарасухъан
0
|
хачаралъухъан
0
|
хачаралъухъан
0
|
хачаразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
хачарасулъ
0
|
хачаралъулъ
0
|
хачаралъулъ
0
|
хачаразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
хачарасулъе
0
|
хачаралъулъе
0
|
хачаралъулъе
0
|
хачаразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
хачарасулъа
0
|
хачаралъулъа
0
|
хачаралъулъа
0
|
хачаразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
хачарасулъан
0
|
хачаралъулъан
0
|
хачаралъулъан
0
|
хачаразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
хачарасукь
0
|
хачаралъукь
0
|
хачаралъукь
0
|
хачаразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
хачарасукье
0
|
хачаралъукье
0
|
хачаралъукье
0
|
хачаразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
хачарасукьа
0
|
хачаралъукьа
0
|
хачаралъукьа
0
|
хачаразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
хачарасукьан
0
|
хачаралъукьан
0
|
хачаралъукьан
0
|
хачаразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
хачан
[χat͡ʃan]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
хачан
[χat͡ʃan]
🔒
6
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
хачачӀого
[χat͡ʃat͡ʃˀogo]
0
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
хачалаго
[χat͡ʃalago]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
хачаларого
[χat͡ʃalarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
хачай
[χat͡ʃaj]
0
|
|||
| Infinitive |
хачазе
[χat͡ʃaze]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Causative |
хачазавизе
/[χat͡ʃazawize]/
0
|
хачазайизе
/[χat͡ʃazajize]/
0
|
хачазабизе
/[χat͡ʃazabize]/
0
|
хачазаризе
/[χat͡ʃazarize]/
0
|
| Causative Negative |
хачазавуларо
/[χat͡ʃazawularo]/
0
|
хачазайуларо
/[χat͡ʃazajularo]/
0
|
хачазабуларо
/[χat͡ʃazabularo]/
0
|
хачазаруларо
/[χat͡ʃazarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
хачааризе
[χat͡ʃajarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
хачаариларо
[χat͡ʃajarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
хача-хачазе
[χat͡ʃa-χat͡ʃaze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
хача-хачаларо
[χat͡ʃa-χat͡ʃalaro]
0
|
|||