Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
оттянуть
пялить
растянуть
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV.CV.CV
Syllables: 4
ASCII: ts'azabize
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
202810
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
1
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
/[t͡sʼazawulew wugo]/ |
/[t͡sʼazajulej jigo]/ |
/[t͡sˀazabuleb bugo]/ |
/[t͡sʼazarulel rugo]/ |
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
/[t͡sʼazawulew het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡sʼazajulej het͡ʃʼo]/ |
/[t͡sˀazabuleb het͡ʃˀo]/ |
/[t͡sʼazarulel het͡ʃʼo]/ |
| Past Simple |
цӀазавуна
/[t͡sʼazawuna]/
0
|
цӀазайуна
/[t͡sʼazajuna]/
0
|
цӀазабуна
/[t͡sˀazabuna]/
0
|
цӀазаруна
/[t͡sʼazaruna]/
0
|
| Past Simple Negative |
цӀазавичӀо
/[t͡sʼazawit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
цӀазайичӀо
/[t͡sʼazajit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀо
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀo]/
0
|
цӀазаричӀо
/[t͡sʼazarit͡ʃʼo]/
0
|
| Future Simple |
цӀазавила
/[t͡sʼazawila]/
0
|
цӀазайила
/[t͡sʼazajila]/
0
|
цӀазабила
/[t͡sˀazabila]/
0
|
цӀазарила
/[t͡sʼazarila]/
0
|
| Future Simple Negative |
цӀазавиларо
/[t͡sʼazawilaro]/
0
|
цӀазайиларо
/[t͡sʼazajilaro]/
0
|
цӀазабиларо
/[t͡sˀazabilaro]/
0
|
цӀазариларо
/[t͡sʼazarilaro]/
0
|
| Constative |
цӀазавула
/[t͡sʼazawula]/
0
|
цӀазайула
/[t͡sʼazajula]/
0
|
цӀазабула
/[t͡sˀazabula]/
0
|
цӀазарула
/[t͡sʼazarula]/
0
|
| Constative Negative |
цӀазавуларо
/[t͡sʼazawularo]/
0
|
цӀазайуларо
/[t͡sʼazajularo]/
0
|
цӀазабуларо
/[t͡sˀazabularo]/
0
|
цӀазаруларо
/[t͡sʼazarularo]/
0
|
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
цӀазавулаан
/[t͡sʼazawulajan]/
0
|
цӀазайулаан
/[t͡sʼazajulajan]/
0
|
цӀазабулаан
/[t͡sʼazabulajan]/
0
|
цӀазарулаан
/[t͡sʼazarulajan]/
0
|
| Remote Past Negative |
цӀазабулароан
/[t͡sʼazabularojan]/
0
|
цӀазабулароан
/[t͡sʼazabularojan]/
0
|
цӀазабулароан
/[t͡sʼazabularojan]/
0
|
цӀазарулароан
/[t͡sʼazarularojan]/
0
|
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
|
|
|
|
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
цӀазаве
/[t͡sʼazawe]/
0
|
цӀазайе
/[t͡sʼazaje]/
0
|
цӀазабе
/[t͡sˀazabe]/
0
|
цӀазаре
/[t͡sʼazare]/
0
|
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
цӀазавуге
/[t͡sʼazawuge]/
0
|
цӀазайуге
/[t͡sʼazajuge]/
0
|
цӀазабуге
/[t͡sˀazabuge]/
0
|
цӀазаруге
/[t͡sʼazaruge]/
0
|
| Optative |
цӀазабеги
/[t͡sʼazawegi]/
0
|
цӀазабеги
/[t͡sʼazajegi]/
0
|
цӀазабеги
/[t͡sʼazabegi]/
0
|
цӀазареги
/[t͡sʼazaregi]/
0
|
| Prohibitive Optative |
цӀазабугеги
/[t͡sˀazabugegi]/
0
|
цӀазабугеги
/[t͡sˀazabugegi]/
0
|
цӀазабугеги
/[t͡sˀazabugegi]/
0
|
цӀазаругеги
/[t͡sʼazarugegi]/
0
|
| Hortative |
цӀазавизин
/[t͡sʼazawizin]/
0
|
цӀазайизин
/[t͡sʼazajizin]/
0
|
цӀазабизин
/[t͡sˀazabizin]/
0
|
цӀазаризин
/[t͡sʼazarizin]/
0
|
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
цӀазавуни
/[t͡sʼazawuni]/
0
|
цӀазайуни
/[t͡sʼazajuni]/
0
|
цӀазабуни
/[t͡sˀazabuni]/
0
|
цӀазаруни
/[t͡sʼazaruni]/
0
|
| Conditional Negative |
цӀазабичӀони
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀони
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀони
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀoni]/
0
|
цӀазаричӀони
/[t͡sʼazarit͡ʃʼoni]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀазавунищ
/[t͡sʼazawuniʃː]/
0
|
цӀазайунищ
/[t͡sʼazajuniʃː]/
0
|
цӀазабунищ
/[t͡sˀazabuniʃː]/
0
|
цӀазарунищ
/[t͡sʼazaruniʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀазавичӀищ
/[t͡sʼazawit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
цӀазайичӀищ
/[t͡sʼazajit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀищ
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀiʃː]/
0
|
цӀазаричӀищ
/[t͡sʼazarit͡ʃʼiʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀазавулищ
/[t͡sʼazawuliʃː]/
0
|
цӀазайулищ
/[t͡sʼazajuliʃː]/
0
|
цӀазабулищ
/[t͡sˀazabuliʃː]/
0
|
цӀазарулищ
/[t͡sʼazaruliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀазавуларищ
/[t͡sʼazawulariʃː]/
0
|
цӀазайуларищ
/[t͡sʼazajulariʃː]/
0
|
цӀазабуларищ
/[t͡sˀazabulariʃː]/
0
|
цӀазаруларищ
/[t͡sʼazarulariʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
цӀазавилищ
/[t͡sʼazawiliʃː]/
0
|
цӀазайилищ
/[t͡sʼazajiliʃː]/
0
|
цӀазабилищ
/[t͡sˀazabiliʃː]/
0
|
цӀазарилищ
/[t͡sʼazariliʃː]/
0
|
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
цӀазавиларищ
/[t͡sʼazawilariʃː]/
0
|
цӀазайиларищ
/[t͡sʼazajilariʃː]/
0
|
цӀазабиларищ
/[t͡sˀazabilariʃː]/
0
|
цӀазариларищ
/[t͡sʼazarilariʃː]/
0
|
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
цӀазавурав
/[t͡sʼazawuraw]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазайурай
/[t͡sʼazajuraj]/
🔒
0
|
цӀазабураб
/[t͡sˀazaburab]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазарурал
/[t͡sʼazarural]/
0
|
| Past Participle Negative |
цӀазавичӀев
/[t͡sʼazawit͡ʃʼew]/
0
|
цӀазайичӀей
/[t͡sʼazajit͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀеб
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀeb]/
0
|
цӀазаричӀел
/[t͡sʼazarit͡ʃʼel]/
0
|
| Present Participle |
цӀазавулев
/[t͡sʼazawulew]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазайулей
/[t͡sʼazajulej]/
🔒
0
|
цӀазабулеб
/[t͡sˀazabuleb]/
🔒
3
|
цӀазарулел
/[t͡sʼazarulel]/
🔒
2
|
| Present Participle Negative |
цӀазавуларев
/[t͡sʼazawularew]/
0
|
цӀазайуларей
/[t͡sʼazajularej]/
0
|
цӀазабулареб
/[t͡sˀazabulareb]/
0
|
цӀазаруларел
/[t͡sʼazarularel]/
0
|
| Future Participle |
цӀазавилев
/[t͡sʼazawilew]/
0
|
цӀазайилей
/[t͡sʼazajilej]/
0
|
цӀазабилеб
/[t͡sˀazabileb]/
0
|
цӀазарилел
/[t͡sʼazarilel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
цӀазавиларев
/[t͡sʼazawilarew]/
0
|
цӀазайиларей
/[t͡sʼazajilarej]/
0
|
цӀазабилареб
/[t͡sˀazabilareb]/
0
|
цӀазариларел
/[t͡sʼazarilarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
цӀазавизехъин
/[t͡sʼazawizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
цӀазайизехъин
/[t͡sʼazajizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
цӀазабизехъин
/[t͡sˀazabizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
цӀазаризехъин
/[t͡sʼazarizeq͡χːin]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle Negative |
цӀазавизехъинро
/[t͡sʼazawizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
цӀазайизехъинро
/[t͡sʼazajizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
цӀазабизехъинро
/[t͡sˀazabizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
цӀазаризехъинро
/[t͡sʼazarizeq͡χːinro]/
0
|
| Optative Participle |
цӀазавеяв
/[t͡sʼazawejaw]/
0
|
цӀазайеяй
/[t͡sʼazajejaj]/
0
|
цӀазабеяб
/[t͡sˀazabejab]/
0
|
цӀазареял
/[t͡sʼazarejal]/
0
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
цӀазавурав
1
|
цӀазайурай
0
|
цӀазабураб
1
|
цӀазарурал
0
|
| Ergative |
цӀазавурас
0
|
цӀазайуралъ
0
|
цӀазабуралъ
0
|
цӀазарураз
0
|
| Genitive |
цӀазавурасул
0
|
цӀазайуралъул
0
|
цӀазабуралъул
0
|
цӀазаруразул
0
|
| Dative |
цӀазавурасе
0
|
цӀазайуралъе
0
|
цӀазабуралъе
0
|
цӀазаруразе
0
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
цӀазавурасда
0
|
цӀазайуралъда
0
|
цӀазабуралъда
0
|
цӀазаруразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
цӀазавурасде
0
|
цӀазайуралъде
0
|
цӀазабуралъде
0
|
цӀазаруразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
цӀазавурасдаса
0
|
цӀазайуралъдаса
0
|
цӀазабуралъдаса
0
|
цӀазарураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
цӀазавурасдасан
0
|
цӀазайуралъдасан
0
|
цӀазабуралъдасан
0
|
цӀазарураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
цӀазавурасухъ
0
|
цӀазайуралъухъ
0
|
цӀазабуралъухъ
0
|
цӀазаруразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
цӀазавурасухъе
0
|
цӀазайуралъухъе
0
|
цӀазабуралъухъе
0
|
цӀазаруразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
цӀазавурасухъа
0
|
цӀазайуралъухъа
0
|
цӀазабуралъухъа
0
|
цӀазаруразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
цӀазавурасухъан
0
|
цӀазайуралъухъан
0
|
цӀазабуралъухъан
0
|
цӀазаруразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
цӀазавурасулъ
0
|
цӀазайуралъулъ
0
|
цӀазабуралъулъ
0
|
цӀазаруразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
цӀазавурасулъе
0
|
цӀазайуралъулъе
0
|
цӀазабуралъулъе
0
|
цӀазаруразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
цӀазавурасулъа
0
|
цӀазайуралъулъа
0
|
цӀазабуралъулъа
0
|
цӀазаруразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
цӀазавурасулъан
0
|
цӀазайуралъулъан
0
|
цӀазабуралъулъан
0
|
цӀазаруразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
цӀазавурасукь
0
|
цӀазайуралъукь
0
|
цӀазабуралъукь
0
|
цӀазаруразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
цӀазавурасукье
0
|
цӀазайуралъукье
0
|
цӀазабуралъукье
0
|
цӀазаруразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
цӀазавурасукьа
0
|
цӀазайуралъукьа
0
|
цӀазабуралъукьа
0
|
цӀазаруразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
цӀазавурасукьан
0
|
цӀазайуралъукьан
0
|
цӀазабуралъукьан
0
|
цӀазаруразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
цӀазавун
/[t͡sʼazawun]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазайун
/[t͡sʼazajun]/
0
|
цӀазабун
/[t͡sʼazabun]/
🔒
4
|
цӀазарун
/[t͡sʼazarun]/
🔒
2
|
| Adverbial Past |
цӀазавун
/[t͡sʼazawun]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазайун
/[t͡sʼazajun]/
🔒
0
|
цӀазабун
/[t͡sˀazabun]/
🔒
4
|
цӀазарун
/[t͡sʼazarun]/
🔒
2
|
| Adverbial Past Negative |
цӀазабичӀого
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀogo]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀого
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀogo]/
0
|
цӀазабичӀого
/[t͡sˀazabit͡ʃˀogo]/
0
|
цӀазаричӀого
/[t͡sʼazarit͡ʃʼogo]/
0
|
| Adverbial General |
цӀазавулаго
/[t͡sʼazawulago]/
0
|
цӀазайулаго
/[t͡sʼazajulago]/
0
|
цӀазабулаго
/[t͡sˀazabulago]/
0
|
цӀазарулаго
/[t͡sʼazarulago]/
0
|
| Adverbial General Negative |
цӀазабуларого
/[t͡sˀazabularogo]/
0
|
цӀазабуларого
/[t͡sˀazabularogo]/
0
|
цӀазабуларого
/[t͡sˀazabularogo]/
0
|
цӀазаруларого
/[t͡sʼazarularogo]/
0
|
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
цӀазави
/[t͡sʼazawi]/
0
|
цӀазайи
/[t͡sʼazaji]/
0
|
цӀазаби
/[t͡sˀazabi]/
0
|
цӀазари
/[t͡sʼazari]/
0
|
| Infinitive |
цӀазавизе
/[t͡sʼazawize]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазайизе
/[t͡sʼazajize]/
🔒
0
|
цӀазабизе
/[t͡sˀazabize]/
🔒
1
|
цӀазаризе
/[t͡sʼazarize]/
🔒
3
|
| Causative |
цӀазабизабизе
[t͡sˀazabizabize]
0
|
|||
| Causative Negative |
цӀазабизабуларо
[t͡sˀazabizabularo]
0
|
|||
| Durative |
цӀазавиаризе
/[t͡sʼazawijarize]/
0
|
цӀазайиаризе
/[t͡sʼazajijarize]/
0
|
цӀазабиаризе
/[t͡sˀazabijarize]/
0
|
цӀазариаризе
/[t͡sʼazarijarize]/
0
|
| Durative Negative |
цӀазавиариларо
/[t͡sʼazawijarilaro]/
0
|
цӀазайиариларо
/[t͡sʼazajijarilaro]/
0
|
цӀазабиариларо
/[t͡sˀazabijarilaro]/
0
|
цӀазариариларо
/[t͡sʼazarijarilaro]/
0
|
| Frequentative |
цӀазаб-цӀазавизе
/[t͡sʼazab-t͡sʼazawize]/
0
|
цӀазаб-цӀазайизе
/[t͡sʼazab-t͡sʼazajize]/
0
|
цӀазаб-цӀазабизе
/[t͡sˀazab-t͡sˀazabize]/
0
|
цӀазаб-цӀазаризе
/[t͡sʼazab-t͡sʼazarize]/
0
|
| Frequentative Negative |
цӀазаб-цӀазавиларо
/[t͡sʼazab-t͡sʼazawilaro]/
0
|
цӀазаб-цӀазайиларо
/[t͡sʼazab-t͡sʼazajilaro]/
0
|
цӀазаб-цӀазабиларо
/[t͡sˀazab-t͡sˀazabilaro]/
0
|
цӀазаб-цӀазариларо
/[t͡sʼazab-t͡sʼazarilaro]/
0
|