Personal Notes
🌐 Translations
Russian
пасть
проиграть
проиграться
English
📚 Grammar Information
Part of Speech
Verb
Phonology
Pattern:
CV.CV
Syllables: 2
ASCII: qʼeze
Transitivity
Transitive
Aspect
Not specified
Voice
Not specified
Class-based
No
System Information
Database ID
203507
Fixed/Locked
Yes
Created
2025-06-07 16:48
Attestation Count
33
Morphology & Forms
🔤 Verb Forms
Tip: Click on the colored attestation badges next to any word form to see usage examples from the corpus.
Tenses (Present, Past, Future) 32
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Present
present participle + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Present Negative
present participle + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Past Simple |
къуна
[q͡χʼːuna]
🔒
57
|
|||
| Past Simple Negative |
къечӀо
[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼo]
🔒
4
|
|||
| Future Simple |
къела
[q͡χʼːela]
🔒
30
|
|||
| Future Simple Negative |
къеларо
[q͡χʼːelaro]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Constative |
къола
[q͡χʼːola]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Constative Negative |
къоларо
[q͡χʼːolaro]
🔒
3
|
|||
|
Future Composite
infinitive + future auxiliary
|
||||
|
Inceptive
infinitive + inceptive auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Present |
—
0
|
|||
|
Past Indefinite
adverbial past + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Indefinite Negative
adverbial past + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
| Remote Past |
къолаан
[q͡χʼːolajan]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Remote Past Negative |
къолароан
[q͡χʼːolarojan]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Past Perfective
adverbial past + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Perfective Negative
adverbial past + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective
present participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Imperfective Negative
present participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative
infinitive + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Obligative Negative
infinitive + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential
adverbial past + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Evidential Negative
adverbial past negative + past gerund + present negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual
adverbial past + constative past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Resultative Habitual Negative
adverbial past + constative past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional
intentional participle + past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Intentional Negative
intentional participle + past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential
adverbial past + remote past auxiliary
|
||||
|
Past Remote Evidential Negative
adverbial past + remote past negative auxiliary
|
||||
|
Obligative Subjunctive
infinitive + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Habitual Evidential
present participle + past gerund + present auxiliary
|
||||
|
Constative Compound
present participle + constative auxiliary
|
||||
Moods (Imperative, Conditional, Optative) 15
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperative |
къа
[q͡χʼːa]
🔒
46
|
|||
| Imp Alt |
—
0
|
|||
| Prohibitive |
къоге
[q͡χʼːoge]
0
|
|||
| Optative |
къаги
[q͡χʼːagi]
🔒
9
|
|||
| Prohibitive Optative |
къогеги
[q͡χʼːogegi]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Hortative |
къезин
[q͡χʼːezin]
0
|
|||
|
Analytical Imperative
imperative + абе
|
||||
| Conditional |
къуни
[q͡χʼːuni]
🔒
3
|
|||
| Conditional Negative |
къечӀони
[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼoni]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past
past simple + interrogative suffix
|
къунищ
[q͡χʼːuniʃː]
🔒
1
|
|||
|
Interrogative Past Negative
past simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
къечӀищ
[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼiʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative
constative + interrogative suffix
|
къолищ
[q͡χʼːoliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Constative Negative
constative negative + interrogative suffix
|
къоларищ
[q͡χʼːolariʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future
future simple + interrogative suffix
|
къелищ
[q͡χʼːeliʃː]
0
|
|||
|
Interrogative Future Negative
future simple negative + interrogative suffix
|
къеларищ
[q͡χʼːelariʃː]
0
|
|||
Participles (Verbal Adjectives) 9
Participles denote a property based on an action. They decline like adjectives.
Case declension (when used as nouns) appears below.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Participle |
къурав
/[q͡χʼːuraw]/
🔒
12
|
къурай
/[q͡χʼːuraj]/
🔒
2
|
къураб
/[q͡χʼːurab]/
🔒
25
|
къурал
/[q͡χʼːural]/
🔒
12
|
| Past Participle Negative |
къечӀев
/[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼew]/
🔒
4
|
къечӀей
/[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼej]/
0
|
къечӀеб
/[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼeb]/
🔒
6
|
къечӀел
/[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼel]/
🔒
1
|
| Present Participle |
къолев
/[q͡χʼːolew]/
🔒
2
|
къолей
/[q͡χʼːolej]/
0
|
къолеб
/[q͡χʼːoleb]/
🔒
11
|
къолел
/[q͡χʼːolel]/
🔒
3
|
| Present Participle Negative |
къоларев
/[q͡χʼːolarew]/
🔒
1
|
къоларей
/[q͡χʼːolarej]/
0
|
къолареб
/[q͡χʼːolareb]/
🔒
1
|
къоларел
/[q͡χʼːolarel]/
🔒
1
|
| Future Participle |
къелев
/[q͡χʼːelew]/
0
|
къелей
/[q͡χʼːelej]/
0
|
къелеб
/[q͡χʼːeleb]/
🔒
5
|
къелел
/[q͡χʼːelel]/
0
|
| Future Participle Negative |
къеларев
/[q͡χʼːelarew]/
0
|
къеларей
/[q͡χʼːelarej]/
0
|
къелареб
/[q͡χʼːelareb]/
0
|
къеларел
/[q͡χʼːelarel]/
0
|
| Intentional Participle |
къезехъин
[q͡χʼːezeq͡χːin]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Intentional Participle Negative |
къезехъинро
[q͡χʼːezeq͡χːinro]
0
|
|||
| Optative Participle |
къаяв
/[q͡χʼːajaw]/
0
|
къаяй
/[q͡χʼːajaj]/
0
|
къаяб
/[q͡χʼːajab]/
0
|
къаял
/[q͡χʼːajal]/
🔒
73
|
Substantivized participles (e.g. "the one who came") decline like nouns. Showing Series I local cases.
| Case | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative |
къурав
12
|
къурай
2
|
къураб
25
|
къурал
12
|
| Ergative |
къурас
0
|
къуралъ
0
|
къуралъ
0
|
къураз
1
|
| Genitive |
къурасул
2
|
къуралъул
0
|
къуралъул
0
|
къуразул
0
|
| Dative |
къурасе
0
|
къуралъе
1
|
къуралъе
1
|
къуразе
1
|
| Series 1 surface contact (LOC -да · ALL -де · ABL -даса · PERL -дасан) | ||||
| Locative (-да) |
къурасда
0
|
къуралъда
0
|
къуралъда
0
|
къуразда
0
|
| Allative (-де) |
къурасде
0
|
къуралъде
0
|
къуралъде
0
|
къуразде
0
|
| Ablative (-даса) |
къурасдаса
0
|
къуралъдаса
0
|
къуралъдаса
0
|
къураздаса
0
|
| Perlative (-дасан) |
къурасдасан
0
|
къуралъдасан
0
|
къуралъдасан
0
|
къураздасан
0
|
| Series 2 proximity / near (LOC -хъ · ALL -хъе · ABL -хъа · PERL -хъан) | ||||
| Locative (-хъ) |
къурасухъ
0
|
къуралъухъ
1
|
къуралъухъ
1
|
къуразухъ
0
|
| Allative (-хъе) |
къурасухъе
0
|
къуралъухъе
0
|
къуралъухъе
0
|
къуразухъе
0
|
| Ablative (-хъа) |
къурасухъа
1
|
къуралъухъа
0
|
къуралъухъа
0
|
къуразухъа
0
|
| Perlative (-хъан) |
къурасухъан
0
|
къуралъухъан
0
|
къуралъухъан
0
|
къуразухъан
0
|
| Series 3 interior / among (LOC -лъ · ALL -лъе · ABL -лъа · PERL -лъан) | ||||
| Locative (-лъ) |
къурасулъ
0
|
къуралъулъ
0
|
къуралъулъ
0
|
къуразулъ
0
|
| Allative (-лъе) |
къурасулъе
0
|
къуралъулъе
0
|
къуралъулъе
0
|
къуразулъе
0
|
| Ablative (-лъа) |
къурасулъа
0
|
къуралъулъа
0
|
къуралъулъа
0
|
къуразулъа
0
|
| Perlative (-лъан) |
къурасулъан
0
|
къуралъулъан
0
|
къуралъулъан
0
|
къуразулъан
0
|
| Series 4 subessive / under (LOC -кь · ALL -кье · ABL -кьа · PERL -кьан) | ||||
| Locative (-кь) |
къурасукь
0
|
къуралъукь
0
|
къуралъукь
0
|
къуразукь
0
|
| Allative (-кье) |
къурасукье
0
|
къуралъукье
0
|
къуралъукье
0
|
къуразукье
0
|
| Ablative (-кьа) |
къурасукьа
0
|
къуралъукьа
0
|
къуралъукьа
0
|
къуразукьа
0
|
| Perlative (-кьан) |
къурасукьан
0
|
къуралъукьан
0
|
къуралъукьан
0
|
къуразукьан
0
|
Adverbial Participles (Gerunds) 5
Adverbial participles express the manner, time, or cause of the action.
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past Gerund |
къон
[q͡χʼːon]
🔒
11
|
|||
| Adverbial Past |
къун
[q͡χʼːun]
🔒
70
|
|||
| Adverbial Past Negative |
къечӀого
[q͡χʼːet͡ʃʼogo]
🔒
12
|
|||
| Adverbial General |
къолаго
[q͡χʼːolago]
🔒
1
|
|||
| Adverbial General Negative |
къоларого
[q͡χʼːolarogo]
0
|
|||
Derived Forms (Causative, Durative, Masdar) 8
Verb Forms
| Form | I (M) | II (F) | III (N) | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masdar |
къей
[q͡χʼːej]
🔒
39
|
|||
| Infinitive |
къезе
[q͡χʼːeze]
🔒
33
|
|||
| Causative |
къезавизе
/[q͡χʼːezawize]/
🔒
5
|
къезайизе
/[q͡χʼːezajize]/
🔒
0
|
къезабизе
/[q͡χʼːezabize]/
🔒
21
|
къезаризе
/[q͡χʼːezarize]/
🔒
54
|
| Causative Negative |
къезавуларо
/[q͡χʼːezawularo]/
0
|
къезайуларо
/[q͡χʼːezajularo]/
0
|
къезабуларо
/[q͡χʼːezabularo]/
0
|
къезаруларо
/[q͡χʼːezarularo]/
0
|
| Durative |
къедаризе
[q͡χʼːedarize]
0
|
|||
| Durative Negative |
къедариларо
[q͡χʼːedarilaro]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative |
къе-къезе
[q͡χʼːe-q͡χʼːeze]
0
|
|||
| Frequentative Negative |
къе-къеларо
[q͡χʼːe-q͡χʼːelaro]
0
|
|||